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Zainal FR, Abdul Rahman ZA, Daniel Lim KH, Chan SS, Tan CC. Prevalence of occult cervical lymph nodes metastasis in CN0 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024:102070. [PMID: 39255915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Occult metastasis is not easily detected clinically or radiographically. Various methods have been applied for neck control for clinically N0 via elective neck dissection (END), wait and watch (W&W) and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). The main aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of occult cervical lymph nodes metastasis in cN0 in oral squamous cell carcinoma, to investigate and compare the disease-free state and overall survival rate between occult metastasis and the non-occult group that presented at the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya. This is a retrospective study involving 48 patients with complete data from 2008 to 2019. Data collected includes socio-demographic and clinicopathologic factors. Descriptive analysis was performed and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare disease-free status and overall survival period between occult and non-occult metastases groups. The prevalence of occult metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was low at 8.3 % but it became 100 % on OSCC tongue. The main tumor site for occult metastasis originated from the oral tongue with T2 size. Non-occult group had better overall survival rate comparing to occult metastasis group and the advanced group. Therefore, END is recommended particularly for N0 OSCC tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadhli Reza Zainal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khim Hock Daniel Lim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sze Seng Chan
- Medical Company (Parachute), 10th Parachute Brigade, Malaysian Army, Malaysia
| | - Chuey Chuan Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Tao ZY, Chu G, Su YX. The Prognostic Role of Perineural Invasion for Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2514. [PMID: 39061154 PMCID: PMC11274576 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16142514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive review of the predictive significance of PNI in HNSCC survival outcomes. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases, and all studies published in the last decade were screened (Research Registry ID: reviewregistry1853). The included studies were assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Survival outcome data were extracted, combined, and presented as hazard ratios (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Totally, 74 studies encompassing 27,559 patients were analyzed and revealed a cumulative occurrent rate of 30% for PNI in HNSCC. PNI+ HNSCC patients had a worse overall survival (HR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.71-2.13), disease-specific survival (HR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.55-2.07), disease-free survival (HR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.69-1.96), local recurrence (HR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.93-3.33), locoregional recurrence (HR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.82-2.82), locoregional relapse free survival (HR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.28-2.45), distant metastasis (HR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.34-2.48), and distant metastasis-free survival (HR: 2.97, 95% CI: 1.82-4.85) compared to those PNI- patients. The available evidence unequivocally establishes PNI as a critical prognostic factor for worse survival in HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Ying Tao
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Guang Chu
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Yu-Xiong Su
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
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Piemonte ED, Gilligan GM, Garola F, Lazos JP, Panico RL, Normando AGC, Santos-Silva AR, Warnakulasuriya S. Differences among oral carcinomas arising de novo from those associated with oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:613-631. [PMID: 38609795 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the frequency of sequential oral squamous cell carcinomas (s-OSCC), preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders, and OSCC de novo (OSCC-dn) and explore differences in their clinicopathologic presentations. STUDY DESIGN A structured electronic search strategy identified studies that analyzed frequency, clinical, biological, demographic, biomarkers, and prognostic features of s-OSCC and OSCC-dn according to PRISMA guidelines in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, up to January 31, 2023. Inclusion criteria were original English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, and German cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies. The quality of studies was assessed using the Agency for Research and Health Quality tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool. RESULTS The final selection included 40 studies. OSCC-dn and s-OSCC represent, respectively, 71% and 29% of cases of OSCC (P = .00), showing a higher percentage of T1 or of T1+T2 in s-OSCC (P < .0001). The association meta-analysis showed OSCC-dn with a significant association. The meta-analysis showed that s-OSCC was significantly associated with smaller tumor size, absence of distant metastases, relapses, male sex, and tumor sites different from tongue; and OSCC-dn was associated with more advanced tumor size, more regional and distant metastases, more advanced stages, and worse survival. CONCLUSIONS S-OSCC was less frequent than expected. OSCC-dn seems to have specific clinical, biological, and prognostic features. Future perspectives on oral cancer prevention should address novel approaches and alternatives to screening, such as urgent referral of OSCC-dn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo David Piemonte
- Oral Medicine Department, Dentistry College, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Gerardo Marcelo Gilligan
- Oral Medicine Department, Dentistry College, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Federico Garola
- Oral Medicine Department, Dentistry College, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jerónimo Pablo Lazos
- Oral Medicine Department, Dentistry College, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - René Luis Panico
- Oral Medicine Department, Dentistry College, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Gabriela Costa Normando
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Zarzar AM, Sales PHDH, Barros AWP, Arreguy IMS, Carvalho AAT, Leão JC. Effectiveness of dental implants in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: An umbrella review. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024; 44:40-56. [PMID: 36852979 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this overview is to evaluate the effectiveness of dental implants placed in patients who underwent radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancer, as well as to assess the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews. METHODS The study was conducted in four PubMed, Lilacs, Dare Cochrane and Google Scholar databases until July 2022, using the descriptors "Radiotherapy," "Dental implants," and "Head and Neck Cancer." RESULTS 958 studies were found in the initial search and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, fifteen systematic reviews were selected to compose this overview and had their methodological quality evaluated by the AMSTAR 2 tool. RESULTS 24,996 implants in 5487 patients were evaluated with a rate of success rate of 86.2% in patients who underwent radiotherapy and 95.2% in patients who did not undergo radiotherapy. Only one of the systematic reviews was of high quality according to AMSTAR 2. CONCLUSION Oral rehabilitation with dental implants in patients with a history of head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy is a valid therapy. However, given the level of evidence found, further studies with better design are necessary to provide greater confidence in the clinical decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Machado Zarzar
- Department of Prosthesis and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique da Hora Sales
- Department of Prosthesis and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana Waleska Pessoa Barros
- Department of Prosthesis and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jair Carneiro Leão
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Rahadiani N, Sarwanti S, Handjari DR, Stephanie M, Krisnuhoni E. Clinical implications of Cytokeratin 19 expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Pathologica 2023; 115:155-163. [PMID: 37387440 PMCID: PMC10462989 DOI: 10.32074/1591-951x-842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was done to quantify the prevalence of high cytokeratin (CK) 19 expression in Indonesian oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and explore the prognostic role of CK19 in OSCC. Methods Clinical data and samples from 61 patients diagnosed with OSCC at a tertiary national referral hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia were analyzed in this retrospective cohort study. Immunohistochemical staining of CK19 was performed on all patients and its expression was scored using the H system. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 36 months after diagnosis. Comparative and survival analyses were performed. Results Twenty six point two percent of Indonesian OSCC patients had high CK19 expression. There were no differences in clinicopathological characteristics between patients with low and high CK19 expression. The 3-year overall survival (OS) of our cohort was 11.5%. Patients with high CK19 expression had lower 3-year OS compared to patients with low CK19 expression, even if the difference in OS was not statistically significant. Keratinization was an independent prognostic factor for survival in multivariate regression analysis. Conclusions Data obtained here indicate a possible prognostic role of CK19 in OSCC. This prognostic role should be confirmed in larger series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Rahadiani
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Central Jakarta, Jakarta, Republic of Indonesia
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de Almeida CG, Freitas F, Francisco H, Marques JA, Caramês J. Oral biopsies in a Portuguese population: A 20-year clinicopathological study in a university clinic. J Clin Exp Dent 2022; 14:e1024-e1031. [PMID: 36601247 PMCID: PMC9799996 DOI: 10.4317/jced.59688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Performing a biopsy is very important in oral medicine and the anatomopathological examination is fundamental to obtain or to confirm the diagnosis in oral and maxillofacial pathology. The purpose of this study is to analyse the frequency and characteristic patterns of biopsied oromaxillofacial lesions in a Portuguese population. Material and Methods A descriptive statistical analysis of the data from the anatomopathological reports of the biopsies performed between 1999 and 2019 at the university clinic of the Faculty of Dental Medicine of the University of Lisbon was performed, regarding the patient's gender and age, type of biopsy, location of lesions, clinical and histological diagnosis, and the results were obtained. Association relationships were studied using the chi-square test and the Kruskal-Wallis test to correlate variables. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results From a total sample of 1448 patients, 826 (57.1%) were female, 610 (42.1%) were male, and 12 (0.8%) had no gender information, with a mean age of 50.14 years (standard deviation ± 17.61). The preferred location was the buccal mucosa, vestibule fundus and alveolar mucosa (20.7%). Benign lesions (BL) were the most common, in 82,8% of the cases, followed by oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) in 15,5%, and finally, malignant lesions (ML) in 1.7%. Focal fibrous hyperplasia was the most frequent diagnosis in the total sample (25.6%). In the young group, the most common entity was mucocele (34.0%), with a predominance of the lower lip (32.9%). In OPMD, leukoplakia was the most frequently diagnosed (48,7%). The most common ML was squamous cell carcinoma (92.0%), appearing mainly in the tongue (34.8%). A statistically significant relation between ML and older age was found. Conclusions This study included biopsies analysed over a period of 20 years, being BL the main pathology to affect the oral cavity. Although less frequent, OPMD and ML should not be neglected and must be correctly diagnosed and treated. Key words:Oral biopsies, Oral and maxillofacial pathology, Oral medicine, Clinicopathological analysis, Epidemiological study, University clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filipe Freitas
- DS, PhD. Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Francisco
- DS, PhD. Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João A. Marques
- DS, PhD. Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Caramês
- DS, PhD. Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Rahadiani N, Habiburrahman M, Handjari D, Stephanie M, Krisnuhoni E. Clinicopathological characteristics predicting advanced stage and surgical margin invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A single‑center study on 10 years of cancer registry data. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:364. [PMID: 36238853 PMCID: PMC9494421 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not previously been comprehensively reported in Indonesia. The present study aimed to identify clinicopathological characteristics of patients with OSCC according to sex and age, to analyze histological differentiation patterns specific to tumor subsites, to highlight the role of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in metastasis, and to develop a model to predict advanced stage and margin invasion. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using 581 medical records and pathological specimens from cancer registry data in the Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (Jakarta, Indonesia), between January 2011 and December 2020. Clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric tests. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed for eligible parameters, identified using bivariate analysis, to predict advanced stage and margin invasion. Calibration of the prediction model was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, its discrimination value assessed using the receiver operating characteristic and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Sex-specific patterns in tumor subsites and differences in clinical staging according to age were demonstrated in the patients with OSCC. The proportion of well-differentiated cases was significantly higher in most tumor subsites, except in the buccal mucosa (more moderately differentiated cases) and floor of the mouth (well and moderately differentiated cases being equal). LVI was significantly associated with nodal metastasis but not distant metastasis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age ≤45 years [odds ratio (OR), 2.26] and LVI (OR, 8.42) predicted patients having advanced-stage OSCC among general populations (AUC, 0.773); however, LVI (OR, 8.28) was the sole predictor of advanced stage amongst young patients (AUC, 0.737). Margin invasion was predicted solely by tumor subsite, including mouth not otherwise specified (OR, 3.04) and palate (OR, 6.13), in the general population (AUC, 0.711). Furthermore, margin invasion was predicted by the palate subsite (OR, 38.77) and LVI (OR, 11.61) in young patients (AUC, 0.762). Investigating young patients thoroughly when finding SCC in the mouth and palate, and assessing LVI, especially among young patients, is critical to prevent advanced staging and margin invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Rahadiani
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Central Jakarta, Jakarta 10430, Republic of Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Habiburrahman
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Central Jakarta, Jakarta 10430, Republic of Indonesia
| | - Diah Handjari
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Central Jakarta, Jakarta 10430, Republic of Indonesia
| | - Marini Stephanie
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Central Jakarta, Jakarta 10430, Republic of Indonesia
| | - Ening Krisnuhoni
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Universitas Indonesia, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Central Jakarta, Jakarta 10430, Republic of Indonesia
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Jafer M, Crutzen R, Halboub E, Moafa I, van den Borne B, Bajonaid A, Jafer A, Hedad I. Dentists Behavioral Factors Influencing Early Detection of Oral Cancer: Direct Clinical Observational Study. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2022; 37:932-941. [PMID: 33094387 PMCID: PMC9399221 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-020-01903-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the possible factors affecting dentists' behavior relating to performing oral cancer examinations as part of routine clinical examination. A total of 95 direct clinical observation sessions-utilizing an instrument consisting of 19 evidence-based observational criteria for oral cancer examinations-were observed by four calibrated dentists. Thirty-two final-year students, 32 interns, and 31 faculty members of Jazan Dental School were examined between April 9 and May 4, 2017. A descriptive analysis was conducted to investigate the frequencies/percentages of the performed observing criteria by all examiners. ANOVA and Tukey tests were carried out to investigate the difference between the examiner groups. A total number of 32 patients participated in the study, whereby each patient was examined by three different examiners from each group, as well as by the attending observer/s. Fewer than 50% of the examiners performed the clinical steps necessary for an oral cancer examination-for example, taking into account past medical history, as well as extra and intra-oral examinations. More than 90% of the examiners examined hard tissue, whereas fewer than 30% of them educated their patients about possible risk factors. A significant difference between examiner groups was found in favor of faculty members. A gap between knowledge and actual practice of oral cancer examinations was evident: majority of participants failed to perform the necessary steps for an oral cancer examination. Previous experience and confidence in performing oral cancer examination are possible explanations for the dentist's behavior toward oral cancer examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Jafer
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University/CAPHRI, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Rik Crutzen
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University/CAPHRI, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Esam Halboub
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtisam Moafa
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University/CAPHRI, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van den Borne
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University/CAPHRI, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Amal Bajonaid
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
| | - Alhassen Jafer
- Dental Division, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Moafa I, Hoving C, van den Borne B, Jafer M. Dentists’ perceptions and usability testing toward the implementation of the ISAC, a comprehensive oral cancer intervention in dental practices: a qualitative study in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:187. [PMID: 35151304 PMCID: PMC8840285 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to explore dentists’ perceptions toward the implementation of a comprehensive intervention (ISAC) for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer in a dental clinic. Methods The ISAC intervention was presented to ten purposefully sampled dentists in Jazan Dental School (JDS). Participating dental interns were asked to practice the ISAC intervention whilst thinking aloud. A semi-structured interview technique was used to allow free expression of participants’ perceptions related to the ISAC intervention and to control the flow of topics. Fleuren’s framework theory informed the analysis. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using the deductive-inductive framework analysis. Results Practicing the ISAC intervention was perceived to enhance the early detection and prevention of oral cancer. Serving community needs and engaging community groups were perceived to be related to a high relevance and compatibility of the ISAC intervention. Being a comprehensive intervention with well-defined objectives and being built on relevant data from the participants’ community and having dentists as a target group were the perceived relative advantages of the ISAC intervention compared to other programs. A supportive environment, gender-concordance, use of regional trainers, standard examination form and collaboration with other sectors were perceived to be the facilitators. Competition with clinical time, use of different examination forms and low organizational leader interests were perceived as impeding factors against effective implementation in a real-world context. Reward, easy to practice, feeling confidence and satisfaction, advertisement as well as use of a role model approach were perceived to be motivating factors. Conclusions Integrating data from representers of different participant groups during intervention conceptualization and development are critical for the intervention compatibility and acceptability. The study findings showed the opportunities of intertwining the intrinsic motivators of satisfaction and altruism existing in the target group and the extrinsic motivator of official diagnostic skill, certification that may boost and sustain the behavior change. Intervention features that influence perceived relevance, compatibility, relative advantage and motivation may be of great importance for intervention practice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-07586-2.
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Rhutso Y, Kakoti LM, Sharma JD, Kalita M. Significance of Pattern of Invasion in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma—A Retrospective Study from a Regional Cancer Center of North-East India. South Asian J Cancer 2022; 11:140-145. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Many multiparametric models and scoring systems had been proposed in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) to predict the survival and recurrence, out of which pattern of invasion (POI) is gaining focus recently.
Objective We conducted a retrospective study with the aim to see the prognostic significance of the POI and other parameters such as depth of invasion, perineural invasion (PNI), and lymph node status in OTSCC.
Materials and Methods The slides of already diagnosed OTSCC cases were prepared from January 2015 to December 2017 records and studied by two pathologists for different patterns using Brandwein-Gensler scoring system. The different clinicopathologic parameters were compared with different POI. Statistical analysis was performed to present cumulative survival outcomes and for comparison.
Results Most of our patients were > 40 years of age with male preponderance. Tumor differentiation pattern was assessed using Broders' system of grading that showed 85% of tumors were well, 12.5% tumors were moderately differentiated, and 2.5% tumors were poorly differentiated. The worst POI was predominantly pattern III (50%) followed by pattern II (32.5%) and pattern IV (13.8%). Most patients were in stage II (33.8%) followed by stage III (32.5%), stage IV (26.3%), and stage I (7.5%). There was an inverse relationship between POI with tumor stage and recurrence. A strong statistically significant association was found between POI with perineural infiltration and lymph node metastasis.
Conclusion We concluded from our study that worst POI is significantly associated with number of lymph nodes metastasis and perineural infiltration and hence can be used as an independent prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yopovinu Rhutso
- Department of Oncoathology, Dr. B.Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Lopa M. Kakoti
- Department of Oncoathology, Dr. B.Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Jagannath D. Sharma
- Department of Oncoathology, Dr. B.Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Manoj Kalita
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Dr. B.Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Yang L, Shi YL, Ma Y, Ren WW, Pang GM, Liu J. Silencing KLF16 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. APMIS 2021; 130:43-52. [PMID: 34779529 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 16 (KLF16), a member of the Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family, has been extensively investigated in multiple cancer types. However, the role of KLF16 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. Thus, we conducted this study to investigate its related mechanism. KLF16 expression in OSCC cell lines was quantified by western blotting. Then, OECM1 and OC3 cells were divided into Blank, siCtrl, siKLF16#1 and siKLF16#2 groups. Subsequently, cell proliferation was detected using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, cell migration and invasion were detected with wound healing and Transwell assays, and cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were detected via flow cytometry. KLF16, p21, CDK4, Cyclin D1 and p-Rb expression was detected by western blotting. Finally, xenograft models were established in nude mice to observe the in vivo effects of KLF16 on OSCC. KLF16 protein expression was upregulated in OSCC cells. Compared to the cells in the Blank group, the OECM1 and OC3 cells in the siKLF16#1 group and siKLF16#2 group exhibited a sharp decrease in proliferation but a remarkable increase in apoptosis. Moreover, the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase notably increased and that in the S phase decreased, with evident decreases in cell invasion and migration. Moreover, KLF16, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), Cyclin D1 and p-Rb protein expression was upregulated, but p21 expression was downregulated. The mice in the siKLF16#1 and siKLF16#2 xenograft model groups exhibited slower tumour growth and smaller tumours with evident downregulation of Ki67 expression compared to the mice in the Blank group. KLF16 expression was upregulated in OSCC cells, and interfering with KLF16 led to cell cycle arrest, inhibited OSCC cell growth and promoted cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Dongfeng Stomatological Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - You-Ling Shi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dongfeng Stomatological Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Orthodontics, Dongfeng Stomatological Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Ren
- Department of Pediatric Stomatology, Dongfeng Stomatological Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guang-Ming Pang
- Department of Orthodontics, Dongfeng Stomatological Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Pediatric Stomatology, Dongfeng Stomatological Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
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12
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Gadbail AR, Sarode SC, Chaudhary MS, Gondivkar SM, Tekade SA, Yuwanati M, Patil S. Ki67 Labelling Index predicts clinical outcome and survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Appl Oral Sci 2021; 29:e20200751. [PMID: 33656066 PMCID: PMC7934280 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the Ki 67 expression and its correlation with clinicopathological features and 3 years as well as 5 years survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODOLOGY Total 217cases of OSCC primarily treated with surgery with or without radiation were included. All patients were followed up for 3 years and 150 were followed up of 5 years for disease free survival. The immunohistochemistry was carried out on neutral buffered formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue to evaluate the expression of Ki67. RESULTS The Ki67 labeling index (LI) was significantly higher with respect to adverse clinicopathological parameters such as histopathological grading (p<0.001), clinical TNM staging (p<0.001) and nodal metastasis (p<0.001). The OSCC patients survived for less than 3 and 5 years were showed significantly higher Ki67 LI as compared to diseases free survived more than 3 and 5 years(p<0.001). The three years survival rate of OSCC patient significantly higher with low Ki67 LI (≤45) 96.2%, followed by moderate Ki67 LI (46 to 60) 60.7% and high Ki67 LI (≥61) 37.7% (p<0.001). The five years survival rate of OSCC patient statistically significantly higher with low Ki67 LI (≤45)93.3%, followed by moderate Ki67 LI (46 to 60) 46.8% and Ki67 LI (≥61) 23.3% (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The measurement of cell proliferative activity by using Ki67 antigen expression in individual OSCC might provide unique, predictive information on clinical outcome, prognosis and deciding treatment modalities in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol Ramchandra Gadbail
- Indira Gandhi Government Medical College and Hospital, Department of Dentistry, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Pimpri, India
| | - Minal S Chaudhary
- Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailesh M Gondivkar
- Government Dental College & Hospital, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Satyajit Ashok Tekade
- Modern Dental College & Research Centre, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Gandhi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453112, India
| | - Monal Yuwanati
- People's University, People's College of Dental Science & Research Centre, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Jazan University, College of Dentistry, Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Starzyńska A, Sejda A, Adamska P, Marvaso G, Sakowicz-Burkiewicz M, Adamski Ł, Jereczek-Fossa BA. Prognostic value of the PIK3CA, AKT, and PTEN mutations in oral squamous cell carcinoma: literature review. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:207-217. [PMID: 33488873 PMCID: PMC7811327 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.100780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 260,000 (2013) new oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases are reported annually worldwide. Despite development in OSCC management, the outcome is still unsatisfactory. Identification of new molecular markers may be of use in prevention, prognosis, and choice of an appropriate therapy. The intracellular molecular signalling pathway of phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase is involved in the process of cell growth, differentiation, migration, and survival. The main components of this pathway: PIK3CA (phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate-3-kinase catalytic subunit α), PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10), and AKT (serine-threonine kinase) are potential objects of research when introducing new therapeutic agents. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the PIK3CA, PTEN, and AKT gene mutations as prognostic factors in OSCC and to describe their role in aggressive disease progression. This is crucial for oral cancer biology understanding and for indicating which direction new clinical treatments should take.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Starzyńska
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sejda
- Department of Pathomorphology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Paulina Adamska
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Giulia Marvaso
- Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Łukasz Adamski
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Barbara A. Jereczek-Fossa
- Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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14
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Starzyńska A, Adamska P, Sejda A, Sakowicz-Burkiewicz M, Adamski ŁJ, Marvaso G, Wychowański P, Jereczek-Fossa BA. Any Role of PIK3CA and PTEN Biomarkers in the Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma? Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E325. [PMID: 33287350 PMCID: PMC7761816 DOI: 10.3390/life10120325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for 95% of the lesions in the oral cavity. Despite development in OSCC management, the outcome is still unsatisfactory. Identification of new therapies in OSCC is urgently needed. One objective of such treatment may be a signaling pathway of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. The study group included 92 patients treated for OSCC at the University Clinical Centre in Gdańsk, Poland. Study was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples from primary OSCC. Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PIK3CA) and phosphatase and tensin homolog encoded on chromosome 10 (PTEN) protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). PIK3CA gene copy number was analyzed using chromogenic and silver in situ hybridization where molecular probes are marked by chromogens and silver ions. PIK3CA IHC H-score ≥ 70 was found in 51.65% patients, and loss of PTEN protein was noticed in 31.46% cases. PIK3CA amplification was detected in 5 tumors. In the case of PTEN protein expression, there was an inverse correlation with the T stage of the primary tumor (r = -0.243) and positive correlation with a 5-year survival (r = 0.235). The number of copies of the PIK3CA gene was associated with the tumor grading (r = 0.208). The present study shows that loss of PTEN protein and the grading (p = 0.040), distant metastases (p = 0.033), smoking (p = 0.016), and alcohol abuse (p = 0.042) were prognostic factors for the survival of patients with OSCC. In contrast, the presence of amplification and OSCC on the floor of the mouth resulted in a nearly six-fold increase in the risk of shortening survival (p = 0.037). Our finding suggests a potential prognostic significance of PTEN loss and PIK3CA amplification in OSCC. Future studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Starzyńska
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki Street, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.A.); (Ł.J.A.)
| | - Paulina Adamska
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki Street, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.A.); (Ł.J.A.)
| | - Aleksandra Sejda
- Department of Pathomorphology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 18 Żołnierska Street, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Monika Sakowicz-Burkiewicz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 17 Smoluchowskiego Street, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Jan Adamski
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki Street, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.A.); (Ł.J.A.)
| | - Giulia Marvaso
- Division of Radiotherapy, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 435 Ripamonti Street, 20-141 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (B.A.J.-F.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 7 Festa del Perdono Street, 20-112 Milan, Italy
| | - Piotr Wychowański
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 6 Binieckiego Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa
- Division of Radiotherapy, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 435 Ripamonti Street, 20-141 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (B.A.J.-F.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 7 Festa del Perdono Street, 20-112 Milan, Italy
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15
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Capote-Moreno A, Brabyn P, Muñoz-Guerra MF, Sastre-Pérez J, Escorial-Hernandez V, Rodríguez-Campo FJ, García T, Naval-Gías L. Oral squamous cell carcinoma: epidemiological study and risk factor assessment based on a 39-year series. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 49:1525-1534. [PMID: 32360101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a challenge for head and neck surgeons, with low 5-year survival rates despite improvements in diagnostic techniques and therapies. This retrospective observational study was performed to evaluate the epidemiology and risk factors in a cohort of 666 patients with invasive OSCC over a 39-year period. Risk factors assessed were age, sex, toxic habits, premalignant lesions, tumour location and size, and neck involvement, and pathological factors such as surgical margins, tumour thickness, perineural invasion, and bone invasion. These factors were analysed over time, and their influence on recurrence and survival rates examined. Results were compared with those of current epidemiological studies in the literature. This series showed a tendency to diagnosis at older ages (P<0.001) and decreased differences in sex distribution (P<0.001) over time. Regarding risk factors, tobacco and alcohol drinking increased significantly in females, but remained stable in males. Forty percent of the patients developed recurrences during follow-up; the relapse rate did not improve over time (45.6% in the 1980s to 36.1% in 2010-2017). The 5-year survival rate also remained stable over time, ranging from 62.7% (1980s) to 71.7% (2010-2017). This epidemiological study analysed trends across four decades in a stable cohort, with results that may be extrapolated to the populations of European countries. The results confirmed that recurrence rates and survival rates have not improved over time, despite better surgical treatments and new therapies. Further studies are needed to improve knowledge about genetics and tumour behaviour in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Capote-Moreno
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital "La Princesa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - P Brabyn
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital "La Princesa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M F Muñoz-Guerra
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital "La Princesa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Sastre-Pérez
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital "La Princesa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Escorial-Hernandez
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital "La Princesa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Rodríguez-Campo
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital "La Princesa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - T García
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital "La Princesa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Naval-Gías
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital "La Princesa", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Huang W, Zhou X, Liao Q, Tang Y, Zuo L, Wang H, Chen X, Chen X, Li J, Zhu S, Deng J, Liu Y, Zhu K, Yu J, Xiong W. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of PD-1/PD-L1 axis expression in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6942-6953. [PMID: 32030768 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is more aggressive than other head and neck tumors, and the prognosis for patients with advanced TSCC is poor. At present, comprehensive treatment based on surgery as the main method is not effective for patients with advanced TSCC. The application of PD-1/PD-L1 immunocheckpoint inhibitor alone in patients with TSCC has not been reported. To explore the role of PD-1/PD-L1, we investigated the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in TSCC and analyzed the relationship between the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 and the related clinicopathological parameters and survival prognosis. The expression of PD-1 was significantly associated with palindromia (p = .015) and maximum diameter (p = .043). The expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells was significantly associated with N stage (P = .024), chemotherapy (p = .032), and clinical stage (p = .019). The expression of PD-L1 in infiltrating lymphocytes was significantly associated with palindromia (p = .030). Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses for prognoses of patients showed significant prognostic factors of overall survival and relapse-free survival. The high expression of PD-L1 on infiltrating lymphocytes for OS and RFS was an independent protective factor for patients with TSCC. The high expression of PD-1 on infiltrating lymphocytes and clinical stage for OS and RFS were independent risk factors for patients with TSCC. The data provide a reference for clinical treatment of TSCC with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilun Huang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Zuo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Honghan Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songlin Zhu
- Department of Early Clinical Trial Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Early Clinical Trial Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kunjie Zhu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianjun Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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17
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Ahuja US, Puri N, Bagewadi A, Keluskar V, Ahuja A, Singh HP. Comparative evaluation of serum alpha-1antitrypsin levels in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and in subjects with tobacco habit without carcinoma. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:3657-3663. [PMID: 31803669 PMCID: PMC6881917 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_571_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim/Objectives: To evaluate serum levels of Alpha-1 antitrypsin in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and compare them with that of healthy subjects with and without tobacco habits. Materials and Method: The sample of 83 subjects was divided into three groups: 30 subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma formed Group A. The age, sex, habit matched 23 healthy subjects with tobacco habit formed Group B and 30 healthy without history of consumption of tobacco formed Group C. Analysis of the samples was done using Alpha 1 antitrypsin kit and spectrophotometer. Results: There was a 2.33-fold rise in serum levels of Alpha 1 antitrypsin in Group A compared to Group B, 3.71-fold rise in Group A compared to Group C and 1.59-fold rise in Group B compared to Group C (P < 0.001). A definite rise in serum Alpha 1 antitrypsin levels in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma as compared with healthy subjects with and without tobacco habits was observed. Conclusion: Alpha1-antitrypsin can be used as an adjunct to various diagnostic procedures implied for the evaluation of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana S Ahuja
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, I.T.S Dental College, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Puri
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, I.T.S Dental College, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anjana Bagewadi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
| | - Vaishali Keluskar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
| | - Anshuman Ahuja
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ITS Dental College, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harkanwal P Singh
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
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18
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Potential of Melatonin as Adjuvant Therapy of Oral Cancer in the Era of Epigenomics. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111712. [PMID: 31684096 PMCID: PMC6895876 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The wide variety of epigenetic controls available is rapidly expanding the knowledge of molecular biology even overflowing it. At the same time, it can illuminate unsuspected ways of understanding the etiology of cancer. New emerging therapeutic horizons, then, promise to overcome the current antitumor strategies need. The translational utility of this complexity is particularly welcome in oral cancer (OC), in which natural history is alarmingly disappointing due to the invasive and mutilating surgery, the high relapsing rate, the poor quality of life and the reduced survival after diagnosis. Melatonin activates protective receptor-dependent and receptor-independent processes that prevent tissue cancerisation and inhibit progressive tumor malignancy and metastasis. Related evidence has shown that melatonin pleiotropy encompasses gene expression regulation through all the three best-characterized epigenetic mechanisms: DNA methylation, chromatin modification, and non-coding RNA. OC has received less attention than other cancers despite prognosis is usually negative and there are no significant therapy improvements recorded in the past decade. However, a large research effort is being carried out to elucidate how melatonin´s machinery can prevent epigenetic insults that lead to cancer. In the light of recent findings, a comprehensive examination of biochemistry through which melatonin may reverse epigenetic aberrations in OC is an extraordinary opportunity to take a step forward in the clinical management of patients.
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19
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Ge X, Gao J, Sun QW, Wang CX, Deng W, Mao GY, Li HQ, Guo SS, Cheng J, Wu YN, Ye JH. MiR-34a inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma by directly targeting SATB2. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4856-4864. [PMID: 31663131 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In various kinds of carcinomas, the special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) with its atypical expression promotes the metastasis and progression of the tumor, though in the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) its inherent mechanism and the status of SATB2 remain unclear. The role played by the SATB2 expression in the OSCC cell lines and tissue samples in the target of miR-34a downstream is the intended endeavor of this study. In te OSCCs the miR-34a expression was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), while the SATB2 expression in the cell lines and tissue samples in OSCC was analyzed with the q-PCR and the western blot. Studies in both in vitro and in vivo of the effects of miR-34a on the initiation of OSCC were conducted. As a direct target of the miR-34a the SATB2 was verified with the luciferase reporter assay. In cases where the miR-34a levels were low, the SATB2 in OSCCs seemed to be overexpressed. Besides, both in the in vitro and in vivo a suppression of migration, invasion, and cell growth was caused by miR-34a by down regulating the SATB2 expression. The SATB2 being a direct target of miR-34a was confirmed by the cotransfection of miR-34a mimics specifically the decrease in the expression of luciferase of SATB2-3'UTR-wt reporter. As a whole, our study confirmed the inhibition of miR-34a in the invasion, proliferation, and migration of the OSCCs, playing a potential tumor suppressor role with SATB2 as its downstream target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,The 2nd Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Wangyue Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Huaian Number 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Chen-Xing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang-Yan Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huai-Qi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song-Song Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Nong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Hai Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Mohideen K, Krithika C, Jeddy N, Bharathi R, Thayumanavan B, Sankari SL. Meta-analysis on risk factors of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in young adults. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2019; 23:450-457. [PMID: 31942130 PMCID: PMC6948024 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_118_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) generally affects the older age group exposed to tobacco for an extended period. However, recent research points out that there is an increased incidence of TSCC in the younger age group without any traditional risk factors making TSCC as a distinct biological entity in this group. This study aims to assess the prevalence and risk factors of tongue carcinoma in the younger group of patients. This article included studies that addressed the TSCC involving young patients and that which are PubMed indexed. Initially, 390 articles were considered; but after refined evaluation, 123 articles had their titles and abstracts matching to this present work. After the extraction of the case reports, review articles and the articles without the assessment of the parameter of harmful habits, we have included only 23 articles in the sample matching the title. The statistical analysis was formed by using chi-square tests using IBM SPSS ver. 20.0. The cohort of the younger population in these studies was mostly in the 35- to the 45-year age group. The majority of reports (64%) classified the patients below 40 years of age as a young group. Though male predominance is reported to be 55%, female patients are also more affected (40%) in the younger age group compared with, the more typical and usual group of head and neck carcinoma patients. TSCC in older adults predominantly reported in tobacco users (70%) whereas in young adults, TSCC was associated with a higher incidence in nonsmokers (53%); the causes of these cancers in young adults remain unclear. The identification of the potential risk factors aside from traditional factors is vital to control the incidence of TSCC in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijah Mohideen
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Krithika
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nadeem Jeddy
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Bharathi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Thayumanavan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Leena Sankari
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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21
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Monteiro LS, Antunes L, Santos LL, Bento MJ, Warnakulasuriya S. Survival probabilities and trends for lip, oral cavity and oropharynx cancers in Northern Portugal in the period 2000-2009. Ecancermedicalscience 2018; 12:855. [PMID: 30093917 PMCID: PMC6070366 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2018.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral cancer represents a serious public health problem worldwide. Our aim was to analyse the survival probabilities and trends of patients presenting with lip, oral cavity and oropharynx cancers, who were residents in the north of Portugal. Methods Using cancer-registry data, we conducted a population-based study of lip, oral cavity and oropharynx cancers diagnosed in the period 2000-2009, among residents in the north of Portugal. Net survival was estimated using the Pohar-Perme estimator. Excess hazard ratios (for gender, age group, tumour location, stage, residence area and period of diagnosis) were estimated using flexible parametric models. Results A total of 2,947 cases (79.5% males) were included of which 18.5% were located on the lip, 56.2% in the oral cavity and 25.3% in the oropharynx. A large proportion of patients were diagnosed in stages III and IV (18.6% and 48.7%, respectively). The 5-year net survival (5yr-NS) for all three cancer sites together was 46% (95%CI 44-48), being 88% (95%CI 83-94), 41% (95%CI 38-43) and 27% (95%CI 23-30) for lip, oral cavity and oropharynx cancer, respectively. The 5yr-NS stratified by tumour stage was 84% (95%CI 78-90) for stage I, 69% (95%CI 63-76) for stage II, 42% (95%CI 37-47) for stage III and 19% (95%CI 16-21) for stage IV. When comparing the periods 2000-4 and 2005-9, no overall improvements in survival were observed. However, when analysed by stage, a significant reduction in the adjusted excess mortality was observed for stages II (p = 0.021) and III (p < 0.001). Conclusion More than half of the oral cavity and oropharynx cancers were diagnosed in advanced stages of the disease, having a low survival probability. Improvements in survival in the first decade of this century were limited to stages II and III, which were the result of changes in hospital cancer care practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Silva Monteiro
- Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery, Cancer Research Group, IINFACTS, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde Norte-CESPU, Paredes 4585-116, Portugal
| | - Luís Antunes
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto 4200-072, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto 4200-072, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto 4200-072 Portugal
| | - Maria José Bento
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto 4200-072, Portugal
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- King's College London and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London SE5 9RW, UK
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22
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Monteiro LS, Diniz-Freitas M, Warnakulasuriya S, Garcia-Caballero T, Forteza J, Fraga M. An immunohistochemical score to predict the outcome for oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2018; 47:375-381. [PMID: 29344992 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer is a major public health problem worldwide, with a poor survival. Our aim was to evaluate several protein markers in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and analyse their prognostic value on patient's survival. METHODS We analysed the expression of EGFR, p53, p27, p16, cyclin D1, cyclin A2, COX-2, Ki-67, Bcl-2, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, by immunohistochemistry on 67 primary OSCC. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) analysis was evaluated by the Cox regression model. RESULTS Markers showed variable expression between 27.9% and 95.2%. In univariate analysis for CSS, we found that four of the tested markers, namely high expression of p53 (P = .001), EGFR (P = .003), cyclin A2 (P = .005) and low expression of p16 (P = .019), along with clinical stage (P < .001), tumour size (P < .001), presence of nodal metastasis (P < .001) and perineural permeation (P = .039) were related to decreased survival. On the basis of these results, we constructed an immunohistochemical score hinging on the possibility that any tumour could express none of these four markers (score 0), one or two markers (score 1) and three or more markers (score 2). In multivariable analysis, this immunohistochemical score revealed an independent prognostic value on cancer-specific survival (P = .001; HR: 3.7: 95%CI 1.7-7.9). Moreover, we confirmed that in early-stage tumours (stage I or II) this score maintained its independent prognostic value (P = .025; HR: 7.9, 95%CI 1.3-49.1) on CSS. CONCLUSION The expression of the markers p53, p16, EGFR and cyclin A in OSCC, combined to give an immunohistochemical score, may identify high-risk subgroups for decreased survival and to further guide therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Silva Monteiro
- Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS), University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, Paredes, Portugal
| | - Márcio Diniz-Freitas
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Oral Medicine Department, The Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK.,the WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, UK
| | - Tomás Garcia-Caballero
- Morphological Sciences Department, School of Medicine-University Clinical Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Forteza
- Instituto Valenciano de Patología, Universidad Católica de Valencia y Área mixta de investigación Oncológica (Centro de Investigación Príncipe de Valencia- UCV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Máximo Fraga
- Pathology, School of Medicine - University Clinical Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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23
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Dissanayake U. Malignancy grading of invasive fronts of oral squamous cell carcinomas. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN ORAL ONCOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/2057178x17708874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Upul Dissanayake
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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24
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The Epidemiological Pattern of Premalignant and Malignant Epithelial Lesions in Northeast of Iran: A 43-Year Evaluation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.5403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Monteiro LS, Albuquerque R, Paiva A, de la Peña-Moral J, Amaral JB, Lopes CA. A comparative analysis of oral and maxillofacial pathology over a 16-year period, in the north of Portugal. Int Dent J 2016; 67:38-45. [PMID: 27681453 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the frequency and spectrum of oral and maxillofacial lesions biopsied in a hospital population in the northern region of Portugal. METHODS We conducted descriptive analyses of pathology reports from biopsies of oral and maxillofacial lesions performed between 1990 and 2006, in Oporto Hospital Center. Information on gender and age of patient, location of the lesions and the histopathological diagnosis were analysed. RESULTS The analyses revealed that 1,520 (47.7%) patients were male and 1,666 (52.3%) were female. They had a mean age ± standard deviation of 47.8 ± 18.6 years. The site most frequently biopsied was the labial mucosa (17.5%). A non-neoplastic diagnosis was established in 2,162 (63.3%) cases, potentially malignant disorders in 163 (5.1%) and neoplasms in 886 (27.6%) (403 benign and 483 malignant). The most commonly reported diagnosis was fibroepithelial polyp (n = 186; 15.9%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n = 158; 13.6%). SCC was the lesion most commonly found in male patients (n = 279; 18.4%) whilst fibroepithelial polyp was the lesion most commonly found in female patients (n = 268; 16.1%). The most common lesion in patients 0-17 years of age was a follicular cyst (n = 25; 12.8%), whereas in patients 18-64 years of age it was a fibroepithelial polyp (n = 299; 13%). SCC was the most common type of lesion found in patients ≥ 65 years of age (n = 160; 24.6%). CONCLUSION This large sample provides useful information about the incidence and distribution of oral biopsies over a period of 16 years, allowing valuable comparison with other countries. Non-neoplastic lesions were the types of lesion most commonly reported, with fibroepithelial polyp being most frequent. SCC was the second most common diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís S Monteiro
- Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Paredes, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Rui Albuquerque
- Oral Medicine Department, Birmingham Dental Hospital/School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - António Paiva
- Pathology Department, Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Manchester, Crumpsall, UK
| | | | - José B Amaral
- Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Paredes, Gandra, Portugal.,Stomatology Department, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos A Lopes
- Molecular Pathology and Immunology Department, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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26
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Monteiro LS, Delgado ML, Ricardo S, do Amaral B, Salazar F, Pacheco JJ, Lopes CA, Bousbaa H, Warnakulasuryia S. Prognostic significance of CD44v6, p63, podoplanin and MMP-9 in oral squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Dis 2016; 22:303-12. [PMID: 26788715 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse the expression of the CD44v6, p63, podoplanin and MMP-9, and their prognostic significance in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry technique was performed on 60 OSCC for detection of CD44v6, p63, podoplanin and MMP-9 proteins. Extent and intensity of staining were evaluated in tumour cells and were compared with patients' clinical-pathological characteristics and survival. RESULTS CD44v6 expression was detected at the membrane of tumour cells of 94% cases. Nuclear expression of p63 protein was present in 96.5%. Podoplanin was observed at the membrane of tumour cells of 94% cases. MMP-9 was found in the cytoplasm of tumour cells in 83.7% cases. A high level of expression (67%-89%) in all four proteins was noted. Podoplanin was associated with the expression of MMP-9 (P = 0.010) and both were associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.011 and P = 0.018, respectively). Co-expression of podoplanin/MMP-9 was an adverse independent prognostic factor for cancer-specific survival (P = 0.008) and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.042). CONCLUSION Podoplanin and MMP-9 together could contribute to tumour progression and dissemination of OSCC. Their combined overexpression showed an adverse effect on survival, suggesting that they could be regarded as important prognostic biomarkers in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Monteiro
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), IUCS - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal.,Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - M L Delgado
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), IUCS - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - S Ricardo
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - B do Amaral
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), IUCS - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal.,Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal.,Stomatology Department, Hospital de Santo António, Oporto Hospitalar Centre, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Salazar
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), IUCS - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal.,Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - J J Pacheco
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), IUCS - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal.,Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - C A Lopes
- Molecular Pathology and Immunology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - H Bousbaa
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), IUCS - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal.,Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Warnakulasuryia
- Oral Medicine, The WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, King's College, London, UK
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Santos HBDP, dos Santos TKG, Paz AR, Cavalcanti YW, Nonaka CFW, Godoy GP, Alves PM. Clinical findings and risk factors to oral squamous cell carcinoma in young patients: A 12-year retrospective analysis. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2016; 21:e151-6. [PMID: 26827057 PMCID: PMC4788792 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.20770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years have been observed an increased incidence of OSCC in young individuals. Based on this, the aim this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of all cases of OSCC in younger patients, diagnosed in two oncology referral hospitals, at the northeast region of Brazil within a 12-year period. Material and Methods Data regarding general characteristics of patients (age, gender and tobacco and/or alcohol habits) and information about the lesions (tumor location, size, regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and clinical stage) were submitted to descriptive and inferential analysis. Statistical analysis included Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests (P<0.05). Results Out of 2311 registered cases of OSCC, 76 (3.3%) corresponded to OSCC in patients under 45 years old. Most of them were male (n=62, 81.6%) and tobacco and/or alcohol users (n=40, 52.8%). The most frequent site was the tongue (n=31, 40.8%), with predominance of cases classified at advanced clinical stage (III and IV, n = 46, 60.5%). The advanced stage of OSCC (III and IV) was statistically associated with male gender (P=0.035), lower education level (P=0.007), intraoral site(P<0.001), presence of pain symptomatology (P=0.006), and consumption of tobacco and/or alcohol (P=0.001). Conclusions The profile of OSCC in young patients resembles to the commonly characteristics reported for overall population. The late diagnosis in young patients usually results in poor prognosis, associated with gender, harmful habits and tumor location. Although prevalence is low, stimulus to prevention and to early diagnosis should be addressed to young individuals exposed to risk factors. Key words:Squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck neoplasms, risk factors, young patients, prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellen-Bandeira-de-Pontes Santos
- State University of Paraiba, Dentistry Department, Rua das Baraúnas, 351, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. CEP: 58429-500,
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28
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Guedes MM, Albuquerque R, Monteiro M, Lopes CA, do Amaral JB, Pacheco JJ, Monteiro LS. Oral soft tissue biopsies in Oporto, Portugal: An eight year retrospective analysis. J Clin Exp Dent 2015; 7:e640-8. [PMID: 26644842 PMCID: PMC4663068 DOI: 10.4317/jced.52677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The diseases that affect the oral cavity are wide and diverse, comprising a broad spectrum of either benign or malignant lesions. However, few histological-based studies were performed for the evaluation of oral cavity lesions, and very few directed to oral soft tissue pathology. The aim of this study was to carry out pioneering research, within a Portuguese population, to determine the frequency and characteristics of oral malignancies, potential malignant disorders, and soft benign tissues pathologies submitted for biopsy in a north Portugal (Oporto) hospital population. Material and Methods We performed a retrospective study of soft tissue, oral cavity biopsies, in a hospital north of Portugal (Oporto) between 1999 and 2006. We analysed information on gender, age, location of the lesion, and the histopathological diagnosis. Results A total of 1042 oral biopsies were observed, 557(53.5%) in females and 485 (46.5%) in males, with a mean age of 51.7 years (S.D. ±17.6). The topographic location most frequently affected was labial mucosa (n=306). Considering the nature of the lesions, 700 (67.2%) corresponded to non-neoplasic lesions, 45 (4.3%) to potentially malignant disorders, and 297 (28.5%) to neoplasms (93 benign and 204 malignant). Non-neoplasic lesions were more prevalent in female gender (59.9%) when compared with potentially malignant disorders (46.7%) and neoplasms (39.4%) (P< 0.001). Non-neoplasic lesions presented the lower mean age (49.2±17.6) and potentially malignant disorders the highest mean age (60.5±14.5) (P< 0.001). The most common lesion of entire sample was fibro-epithelial hyperplasia (n=186; 17.9%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (n=158; 15.1%). Conclusions Fibro-epithelial hyperplasia, followed by squamous cell carcinoma, was the most common pathologies. This pioneering study provided, for the first time, data about the proportion of squamous cell carcinoma when compared with benign conditions in a Portuguese hospital population. Key words:Oral biopsies, oral cavity, oral pathology, Portugal, soft tissue lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Albuquerque
- PhD, MS, DDS. Oral Medicine Department, Birmingham Dental Hospital. School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham. Birmingham B4 6NN, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Monteiro
- MD. Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António-Porto, Portuga
| | - Carlos-Alberto Lopes
- PhD, MD. Molecular Pathology and Immunology Department, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - José-Barbas do Amaral
- PhD, MD. Stomatology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António-Porto, Portugal
| | - José-Júlio Pacheco
- PhD, MSc, DDS. Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Dental Sciences Group - Health Sciences Research Centre, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Norte, CESPU, Paredes, Portugal
| | - Luís-Silva Monteiro
- PhD, MSc, DDS. Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Dental Sciences Group - Health Sciences Research Centre, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Norte, CESPU, Paredes, Portugal
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29
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Bur AM, Lin A, Weinstein GS. Adjuvant radiotherapy for early head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with perineural invasion: A systematic review. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E2350-7. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.24295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés M. Bur
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory S. Weinstein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
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30
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Gröbe A, Rybak L, Schön G, Smeets R, Tribius S, Schafhausen P, Clauditz TS, Hanken H, Heiland M. Outcome and fewer indications for adjuvant therapy for patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas under standardized tumor board conditions. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 142:505-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-2058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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31
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Gambino A, Carbone M, Arduino PG, Carrozzo M, Conrotto D, Tanteri C, Carbone L, Elia A, Maragon Z, Broccoletti R. Clinical features and histological description of tongue lesions in a large Northern Italian population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2015; 20:e560-5. [PMID: 26241456 PMCID: PMC4598924 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.20556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Only few studies on tongue lesions considered sizable populations, and contemporary literature does not provide a valid report regarding the epidemiology of tongue lesions within the Italian population. In this report, the histopathological and clinical appearance of 1.106 tongue lesions from northern Italians are described and discussed. Material and Methods The case records of patients referred for the diagnosis and management of tongue lesions, from October 1993 to October 2013, were reviewed. Histological data were also obtained and blindly reexamined. Results For instance, a biopsy performed on a lingual ulcer has a strong predicting association with a carcinoma, whereas a biopsy on a white lesion predicts for a leukoplakia or oral lichen planus. Moreover, a biopsy of erosion is representative of bullous diseases, whereas a biopsy on a verrucous-papillary lesion is significant for fibroma. Furthermore, carcinomas occur in the majority of cases on the lingual edge or pelvis, oral lichen planus is mainly seen on the edge, and fibromas mostly on the lingual tip. Conclusions The high frequency of tongue involvement of such different diseases emphasizes the importance of histological characterization and that some diseases occur more frequently than others, with a peculiar clinical aspect and a more common area. In fact our survey can help the clinician in advancing diagnostic hypothesis, on the basis of the elementary lesion and its site of involvement. Key words:Tongue lesions, clinical appearance, histological description.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Gambino
- Oral Medicine Section, University of Turin, CIR - Dental School, Via Nizza 230, 10126, Turin, Italy,
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32
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Oliveira MLC, Wagner VP, Sant'ana Filho M, Carrard VC, Hugo FN, Martins MD. A 10-year analysis of the oral squamous cell carcinoma profile in patients from public health centers in Uruguay. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100270. [PMID: 26083090 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics and predictive factors of poor prognosis in patients with primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Uruguay. Medical records of patients with the diagnosis of primary OSCC treated between 2000 and 2010 in Uruguayan public hospitals were selected. Data on demographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical features, treatment, and outcome were collected. Associations of independent variables with outcomes were assessed using Pearson chi-squared and Fisher's tests. Of 200 patients with OSCC, 79.4% were men (3.8:1 male:female ratio), with a mean age of 60.75 ± 11.26 years. Tobacco and alcohol consumption were reported by 85.3% and 63.5% of patients, respectively. The most commonly affected location was the tongue (42.5%), with lesions exhibiting ulcerous aspects in 87.9% of cases and pain at the time of diagnosis in 70.4% of cases. One hundred sixty-one (82.1%) patients had advanced-stage (III/IV) OSCC. Surgery was the most common treatment option, and the overall 5-year survival rate was 58.5%. Univariate analysis showed that the predictors of poor prognosis were clinical aspect, size, regional metastasis, clinical stage, and treatment. In Uruguay, OSCC is diagnosed late, which is associated with a low survival rate. Educational and preventive measures and investment to improve early diagnosis should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Manoel Sant'ana Filho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Coelho Carrard
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Neves Hugo
- Center of Community Dental Health Research, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Monteiro LS, Warnakulasuriya S, Cadilhe S, Sousa D, Trancoso PF, Antunes L, Salazar F, Pacheco JJ. Oral cancer awareness and knowledge among residents in the Oporto city, Portugal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 7:294-303. [DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Silva Monteiro
- Medicine and Oral Surgery Department and Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS); Higher Institute of Health Sciences (ISCS-N); CESPU; Paredes Portugal
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Oral Medicine; Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences; King's College London Dental Institute and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer; London United Kingdom
| | - Suzana Cadilhe
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS); Higher Institute of Health Sciences (ISCS-N); CESPU; Paredes Portugal
| | - Duarte Sousa
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS); Higher Institute of Health Sciences (ISCS-N); CESPU; Paredes Portugal
| | - Pedro Ferreira Trancoso
- Oral Medicine Department; Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University; Oporto Portugal
| | - Luís Antunes
- Epidemiology Department; Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPOPorto); Porto Portugal
| | - Filomena Salazar
- Medicine and Oral Surgery Department and Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS); Higher Institute of Health Sciences (ISCS-N); CESPU; Paredes Portugal
| | - José Júlio Pacheco
- Medicine and Oral Surgery Department and Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS); Higher Institute of Health Sciences (ISCS-N); CESPU; Paredes Portugal
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