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Sunny SP, D. R. R, Hariharan A, Mukhia N, Gurudath S, G. K, Raghavan S, Kolur T, Shetty V, R. VB, Surolia A, T. S, Chandrashekhar P, R. N, Pandya HJ, Pillai V, N. PB, Kuriakose MA, Suresh A. CD44-SNA1 integrated cytopathology for delineation of high grade dysplastic and neoplastic oral lesions. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291972. [PMID: 37747904 PMCID: PMC10519609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of oral potentially-malignant disorders exhibits diverse severity and risk of malignant transformation, which mandates a Point-of-Care diagnostic tool. Low patient compliance for biopsies underscores the need for minimally-invasive diagnosis. Oral cytology, an apt method, is not clinically applicable due to a lack of definitive diagnostic criteria and subjective interpretation. The primary objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the efficacy of biomarkers for cytology-based delineation of high-risk oral lesions. A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers recognized a panel of markers (n: 10) delineating dysplastic oral lesions. In this observational cross sectional study, immunohistochemical validation (n: 131) identified a four-marker panel, CD44, Cyclin D1, SNA-1, and MAA, with the best sensitivity (>75%; AUC>0.75) in delineating benign, hyperplasia, and mild-dysplasia (Low Risk Lesions; LRL) from moderate-severe dysplasia (High Grade Dysplasia: HGD) along with cancer. Independent validation by cytology (n: 133) showed that expression of SNA-1 and CD44 significantly delineate HGD and cancer with high sensitivity (>83%). Multiplex validation in another cohort (n: 138), integrated with a machine learning model incorporating clinical parameters, further improved the sensitivity and specificity (>88%). Additionally, image automation with SNA-1 profiled data set also provided a high sensitivity (sensitivity: 86%). In the present study, cytology with a two-marker panel, detecting aberrant glycosylation and a glycoprotein, provided efficient risk stratification of oral lesions. Our study indicated that use of a two-biomarker panel (CD44/SNA-1) integrated with clinical parameters or SNA-1 with automated image analysis (Sensitivity >85%) or multiplexed two-marker panel analysis (Sensitivity: >90%) provided efficient risk stratification of oral lesions, indicating the significance of biomarker-integrated cytopathology in the development of a Point-of-care assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumsum P. Sunny
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Bangalore, India
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Program (DSRG-5), Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravindra D. R.
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Program (DSRG-5), Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | - Aditi Hariharan
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Program (DSRG-5), Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | - Nirza Mukhia
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Shubha Gurudath
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Keerthi G.
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Subhashini Raghavan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Trupti Kolur
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Vivek Shetty
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Vidya Bushan R.
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Avadhesha Surolia
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Satyajit T.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Pavithra Chandrashekhar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Nisheena R.
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Hardik J. Pandya
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Vijay Pillai
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Bangalore, India
| | - Praveen Birur N.
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Program (DSRG-5), Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, India
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Moni A. Kuriakose
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Bangalore, India
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Program (DSRG-5), Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | - Amritha Suresh
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Bangalore, India
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Program (DSRG-5), Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Seoane J, Warnakulasuriya S, Bagán JV, Aguirre-Urizar JM, López-Jornet P, Hernández-Vallejo G, González-Moles MÁ, Pereiro-Ferreiros M, Seoane-Romero J, Varela-Centelles P. Assembling a consensus on actinic cheilitis: A Delphi study. J Oral Pathol Med 2021; 50:962-970. [PMID: 33998055 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To discuss the terminology to define and classify actinic cheilitis (AC) and to build a consensus on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to AC. METHODS Two-round Delphi study using a questionnaire including 34 closed sentences (9 on terminology and taxonomy, 5 on potential for malignant transformation, 12 on diagnostic aspects, 8 on treatment) and 8 open questions. Experts' agreement was rated using a Likert scale (1-7). RESULTS A consensus was reached on 24 out 34 statements (73.5%) and on 5 out of 8 (62.5%) close-ended questions. The response rate was identical in both rounds (attrition of 0%). AC is the term with the highest agreement (median of 7 (strongly agree; IQR: 6-7)) and the lowest dispersion (VC = 21.33). 'Potentially malignant disorder' was the preferred classification group for AC (median of 7) and 85.6% of participants showing some level of agreement (CV < 50). Experts (66.75%) consider AC a clinical term (median: 7; IQR: 4-7) and believe definitive diagnosis can be made clinically (median: 6; IQR: 5-7), particularly by inspection and palpation (median: 5; IQR: 4-6). Histopathological confirmation is mandatory for the management of AC (median: 5; IQR: 2.5-7), even for homogeneous lesions (median: 5; IQR: 3.5-6). Consensus was reached on all treatment statements (VC < 50). CONCLUSIONS AC is a potentially malignant disorder with a significant lack of agreement on diagnostic criteria, procedures, biopsy indications and the importance of techniques to assist in biopsy. A consensus was reached on nomenclature and management of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Seoane
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Pía López-Jornet
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Murcia, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Javier Seoane-Romero
- USC International School of Doctorate, Ciudad Real University Hospital, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Pablo Varela-Centelles
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CS Praza do Ferrol. EOXI Lugo, Cervo e Monforte, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, Galician Health Service, Univeristy of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
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Pritzker KPH, Darling MR, Hwang JTK, Mock D. Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD): What is the clinical utility of dysplasia grade? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:289-298. [PMID: 33682567 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1898949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral epithelial dysplasia is considered a potential histologic precursor of subsequent squamous cell cancer. As standard clinical practice, pathologists grade dysplasia to assess risk for progression to malignancy. Except for the most advanced grade, severe dysplasia, dysplasia grading has failed to correlate well with the risk to develop invasive cancer. The questions of what process dysplasia grading best represents and what clinical utility dysplasia grading may have are explored. AREAS COVERED This narrative review is based on PubMed search with emphasis on papers since 2010. Epithelial dysplasia as a precursor lesion of cancer and dysplasia grading as a risk assessment tool for progression to cancer are discussed. The close clinical association of dysplasia with known carcinogens, alcohol, and tobacco products is presented. EXPERT OPINION Oral epithelial dysplasia is often, associated with prolonged exposure to tobacco and alcohol products. With reduction of carcinogen exposure, dysplasia is known to regress in some cases. It is proposed that histologic dysplasia grade together with macroscopic images of dysplastic clinical lesions be used as an educational tool to incentivize patients to reduce their known carcinogen exposure. This strategy has the potential to reduce lesion progression thereby reducing the disease burden of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth P H Pritzker
- Professor Emeritus, Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology; Surgery University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Proteocyte Diagnostics Inc., Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark R Darling
- Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London Ontario, Canada
| | | | - David Mock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Professor, Pathology/Oral Medicine & Dean Emeritus, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Dentistry Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Varela-Centelles P, Gonzalez-Moles MÁ, Seoane-Romero J, Leira-Feijoo Y, Takkouche B, Seoane-Romero JM. Immunohistochemical analysis of epithelium adjacent to lip cancer: A meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2020; 28:57-65. [PMID: 32945581 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the immunohistochemical pattern of non-tumoral epithelium adjacent to lip cancer (ANTE) to unveil molecular alterations and potential biomarkers in lip cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search at MEDLINE, EMBASE and proceedings Web of Science, OpenGrey and WorldCat. The PICOS outline (Population: lip cancer patients; Intervention: immunostaining with biomarkers in surgical specimens; Comparisons: ANTE versus LC; Outcomes: primary-to identify the immunohistochemical pattern of peritumoral epithelium and secondary-to assess the immunoreactivity of LC epithelium; and Study design: cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies). RESULTS A total of 339 records were identified. Seven studies reporting on ANTE and LCs were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 4 of them (p53 immunostaining) were selected for meta-analysis. In the ANTE group, the pooled prevalence of p53 was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.66 - 0.82), while in the lip squamous cell carcinoma group this prevalence was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75 - 0.89). CONCLUSIONS Similar immunoexpression was found in lip epithelium adjacent to lip carcinoma, even in epithelia with normal appearance or mild histological alterations. The role of biomarkers in the follow-up of actinic cheilitis patients deserves additional clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Ángel Gonzalez-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Yago Leira-Feijoo
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Bahi Takkouche
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Seoane-Romero
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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