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Liu TT, Guo XM, Rong ZY, Ye XF, Wei JF, Wang AP, Jin HT. Comparative toxicity and toxicokinetic studies of oxiracetam and (S)-oxiracetam in dogs. Xenobiotica 2019; 49:1054-1062. [PMID: 30351213 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1528027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxiracetam (ORT) is known as a derivative of piracetam in the family of nootropics for treating memory impairment and cognition disorders. Given the chiral toxicological concerns surrounding ORT and the absence studies of (S)-ORT, the toxicity and toxicokinetics of (S)-ORT, and comparative toxicology of oxiracetam were systematically investigated in dogs following acute and 13-week repeated oral dosing. The animal toxicity mainly manifested as loose stools in both the acute and the 13-week studies. The no-observed-adverse-effect level is proposed to be 100 mg/kg. The 13-week toxicokinetics study indicated that, in the (S)-ORT group, the time to peak concentration was delayed, elimination half-life extended, and apparent volume of distribution increased compared with the ORT group. The clearance rate increased at low- and mid-doses, but decreased in the high-dose group and was accompanied by drug accumulation. Compared with the same dose of ORT, (S)-ORT had a lower clearance rate and longer elimination half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Liu
- a New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - Xin-Miao Guo
- b Beijing Union-Genius Pharmaceutical Technology Co., LTD , Beijing , China
| | - Zu-Yuan Rong
- c Sichuan Institute for Food and Drug Control , Sichuan , China
| | - Xiang-Feng Ye
- b Beijing Union-Genius Pharmaceutical Technology Co., LTD , Beijing , China
| | - Jin-Feng Wei
- a New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.,b Beijing Union-Genius Pharmaceutical Technology Co., LTD , Beijing , China
| | - Ai-Ping Wang
- a New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.,b Beijing Union-Genius Pharmaceutical Technology Co., LTD , Beijing , China
| | - Hong-Tao Jin
- a New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.,b Beijing Union-Genius Pharmaceutical Technology Co., LTD , Beijing , China
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