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Taiwo OA, Dosumu OA, James AS, Ugwor EI, Ojo OA, Dedeke GA, Ademuyiwa O. Pre-puberty cannabichromene exposure modulates reproductive function via alteration of spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and eNOS pathway metabolites. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:690-705. [PMID: 37396845 PMCID: PMC10313885 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cannabis and cannabinoids affect almost every system of the body and exert systemic effects such as alterations in memory and cognitive functions, neurotransmission impediment, as well as obstruction of endocrine and reproductive system functions. Reproduction is a complicated phenomenon that integrates biological, psychological and behavioural aspects, hence susceptible to intracellular and extracellular modulations by numerous chemicals and toxicants like cannabis. Aim The effects of early-life exposure to cannabis on reproductive function biomarkers and genes were investigated in male and female Wistar rats in this study. Method An initial computational analysis (molecular docking and induced fit docking) of some cannabinoids with reproductive enzymes; androgen and follicle stimulating hormone receptors was conducted. Overall, cannabichromene (CBC) had the best IFD scores and binding free energies for the two proteins studied and it interacted with notable amino acids within their active sites. Subsequently, forty (40) Wistar rats, 20 male and 20 female (24-28 days old, weighing 20-28 ± 2 g) were divided into two groups each and orally administered CBC for 21 days. Penile tissues, testes and ovaries, were collected for biochemical analysis (hormonal assays, enzyme activities, and metabolite concentrations), gene expressions, and histological evaluations. Results Activities of arginase and phosphodiesterase-5 in the penile tissue were significantly increased, while nitric oxide and calcium levels were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the CBC-exposed groups relative to the control group. Semen analysis showed significantly more abnormalities and decreased concentration of spermatozoa in the CBC-exposed group compared to the control. Activities of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and cholesterol level were decreased in both testes and ovaries of CBC-exposed groups. Furthermore, levels of testosterone, progesterone, luteinizing, and follicle-stimulating hormones were reduced in the serum of CBC rats. Moreover, relative expressions of androgen receptor and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor genes were significantly downregulated in the CBC-exposed groups. Histological evaluations revealed lesions, tubular necrosis, and cellular congestions in both the testes and ovaries. Conclusion This study suggests that pre-puberty exposure to cannabis modulates reproductive functions via cannabichromene inhibition of steroidogenesis, stimulation of erectile dysfunction (modulation of intermediates and enzymes of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway in the penile tissue), and downregulation of the expressions of genes associated with reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odunayo Anthonia Taiwo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Chrisland University, Ajebo Abeokuta, Ogun-state, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin Adebisi Dosumu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Adewale Segun James
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry Programme), Augustine University, Ilara-Epe, Nigeria
| | | | - Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL) Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, 232101 Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Gabriel Adewunmi Dedeke
- Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Oladipo Ademuyiwa
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria
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Disorder of Sex Development Due to 17-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 3 Deficiency: A Case Report and Review of 70 Different HSD17B3 Mutations Reported in 239 Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710026. [PMID: 36077423 PMCID: PMC9456484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17-β-HSD3) enzyme converts androstenedione to testosterone and is encoded by the HSD17B3 gene. Homozygous or compound heterozygous HSD17B3 mutations block the synthesis of testosterone in the fetal testis, resulting in a Disorder of Sex Development (DSD). We describe a child raised as a female in whom the discovery of testes in the inguinal canals led to a genetic study by whole exome sequencing (WES) and to the identification of a compound heterozygous mutation of the HSD17B3 gene (c.608C>T, p.Ala203Val, and c.645A>T, p.Glu215Asp). Furthermore, we review all HSD17B3 mutations published so far in cases of 17-β-HSD3 deficiency. A total of 70 different HSD17B3 mutations have so far been reported in 239 patients from 187 families. A total of 118 families had homozygous mutations, 63 had compound heterozygous mutations and six had undetermined genotypes. Mutations occurred in all 11 exons and were missense (55%), splice-site (29%), small deletions and insertions (7%), nonsense (5%), and multiple exon deletions and duplications (2%). Several mutations were recurrent and missense mutations at codon 80 and the splice-site mutation c.277+4A>T each represented 17% of all mutated alleles. These findings may be useful to those involved in the clinical management and genetic diagnosis of this disorder.
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Butnariu M, Sarac I, Samfira I. Spectrophotometric and chromatographic strategies for exploring of the nanostructure pharmaceutical formulations which contains testosterone undecanoate. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3569. [PMID: 32107451 PMCID: PMC7046639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60657-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The nanostructure pharmaceutical formulations (NPF) which contains testosterone undecanoate (TU) been used in life science as parent compound delivery systems for therapeutic, but and been used to enhance the performance in sport, so it is a significant substance for public health and nutritional supplements. In most Pharmacopoeias testosterone is described as an ester of some lower acids (often propionate). The aim of this study is to determine purity of the parent compound by chromatography and absorption spectrum in the frame of middle infrared. Chemical structure of undecanoate was prepared and used in order to achieve a better absorption. This is explained by increased lipophilicity of undecanoate. Due to its lipophilic character, TU is soluble in non–polar solvents but shows a satisfactory solubility in absolute ethanol. Based on the molecular structure, a moderate absorption in the frame of UV with a maximum absorption at a not too high wave-length can be predicted. Maximum absorption occurs in a spectral region in which usual ingredients do not present significant interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, 300645, Calea Aradului 119, Timisoara, Timis, Romania.
| | - Ioan Sarac
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, 300645, Calea Aradului 119, Timisoara, Timis, Romania.
| | - Ionel Samfira
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, 300645, Calea Aradului 119, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review focuses on the neonatal presentation of disorders of sex development, summarize the current approach to the evaluation of newborns and describes recent advances in understanding of underlying genetic aetiology of these conditions. RECENT FINDINGS Several possible candidate genes as well as other adverse environmental factors have been described as contributing to several clinical subgroups of 46,XY DSDs. Moreover, registry-based studies showed that infants with suspected DSD may have extragenital anomalies and in 46,XY cases, being small for gestational age (SGA), cardiac and neurological malformations are the commonest concomitant conditions. SUMMARY Considering that children and adults with DSD may be at risk of several comorbidities a clear aetiological diagnosis will guide further management. To date, a firm diagnosis is not reached in over half of the cases of 46,XY DSD. Whilst it is likely that improved diagnostic resources will bridge this gap in the future, the next challenge to the clinical community will be to show that such advances will result in an improvement in clinical care.
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Yang Z, Ye L, Wang W, Zhao Y, Wang W, Jia H, Dong Z, Chen Y, Wang W, Ning G, Sun S. 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency: Three case reports and a systematic review. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 174:141-145. [PMID: 28847746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive cause of 46, XY disorders of sex development resulting from HSD17B3 gene mutations, however, no case has been reported in East Asia. The aim of this study was to report three Chinese 46, XY females with 17β-HSD3 deficiency in a single center and perform a systematic review of the literature. Clinical examination, endocrine evaluation and HSD17B3 gene sequencing were performed in the three Chinese phenotypically females (two sisters and one unrelated patient). Relevant articles were searched by using the term "HSD17B3" OR "17beta-HSD3 gene" with restrictions on language (English) and species (human) in Pubmed and Embase. All the three phenotypically female subjects showed 46, XY karyotype, inguinal masses, decreased testosterone and increased androstenedione. Two novel homozygous mutations (W284X and c.124_127delTCTT) in HSD17B3 gene were identified. A systematic review found a total of 121 pedigrees/158 patients, with 78.5% (124/158) of patients assigned as females, 15.2% (24/158) from females to males, and 5.1% (8/158) raised as males. The most common mutation was c.277+4C>T (allele frequency: 25/72) for patients from Europe, and R80Q (allele frequency: 21/54) for patients from West Asia. The testicular histology showed normal infantile testicular tissue in 100% (9/9) infantile patients, normal quantity germ cells in 44.4% (8/18) prepubertal patients and 19.0% (4/21) pubertal and adult patients. We reported the first East Asian 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency cases. Additional literature reviews found founder effects among patients with different ethnic background and early orchiopexy may benefit fertility in patients assigned as males. These findings may significantly expand the clinical, ethnic and genetic spectrum of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuwei Yang
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Lei Ye
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Wencui Wang
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Huiying Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No.999 Xiwang Road, Malu Town, Jiading, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Zhiya Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No.999 Xiwang Road, Malu Town, Jiading, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Guang Ning
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Shouyue Sun
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China; Department of Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No.999 Xiwang Road, Malu Town, Jiading, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
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Ben Rhouma B, Kallabi F, Mahfoudh N, Ben Mahmoud A, Engeli RT, Kamoun H, Keskes L, Odermatt A, Belguith N. Novel cases of Tunisian patients with mutations in the gene encoding 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 and a founder effect. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 165:86-94. [PMID: 26956191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17β-HSD3) is expressed almost exclusively in the testis and converts Δ4-androstene-3,17-dione to testosterone. Mutations in the HSD17B3 gene causing 17β-HSD3 deficiency are responsible for a rare recessive form of 46, XY Disorders of Sex Development (46, XY DSD). We report novel cases of Tunisian patients with 17β-HSD3 deficiency due to previously reported mutations, i.e. p.C206X and p.G133R, as well as a case with the novel compound heterozygous mutations p.C206X and p.Q176P. Moreover, the previously reported polymorphism p.G289S was identified in a heterozygous state in combination with a novel non-coding variant c.54G>T, also in a heterozygous state, in a male patient presenting with micropenis and low testosterone levels. The identification of four different mutations in a cohort of eight patients confirms the generally observed genetic heterogeneity of 17β-HSD3 deficiency. Nevertheless, analysis of DNA from 272 randomly selected healthy controls from the same geographic area (region of Sfax) revealed a high carrier frequency for the p.C206X mutation of approximately 1 in 40. Genotype reconstruction of the affected pedigree members revealed that all p.C206X mutation carriers harbored the same haplotype, indicating inheritance of the mutation from a common ancestor. Thus, the identification of a founder effect and the elevated carrier frequency of the p.C206X mutation emphasize the importance to consider this mutation in the diagnosis and genetic counseling of affected 17β-HSD3 deficiency pedigrees in Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochra Ben Rhouma
- Human Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, 3030, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Fakhri Kallabi
- Human Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, 3030, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Mahfoudh
- Department of Immunology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Afif Ben Mahmoud
- Human Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, 3030, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Roger T Engeli
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hassen Kamoun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hedi Chaker Hospital, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Leila Keskes
- Human Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, 3030, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Neila Belguith
- Human Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, 3030, University of Sfax, Tunisia; Department of Medical Genetics, Hedi Chaker Hospital, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
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Hassan HA, Mazen I, Gad YZ, Ali OS, Mekkawy M, Essawi ML. Mutational Profile of 10 Afflicted Egyptian Families with 17-β-HSD-3 Deficiency. Sex Dev 2016; 10:66-73. [DOI: 10.1159/000445311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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