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Zhong J, Su Z, Li H, Ma J, Li D. Case report: An inflammatory pseudotumor of the caudate lobe of the liver caused by a foreign body. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35355. [PMID: 39170311 PMCID: PMC11337713 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report explores a rare foreign body-induced inflammatory pseudotumor in the caudate lobe of a 47-year-old male. The patient was admitted to the hospital due to epigastric pain and fever. Radiological examinations led to the diagnosis of a malignant tumor, and a resection of the caudate lobe lesion was performed. The excised tumor specimen revealed a fishbone-like foreign body. Immunohistochemistry suggested that this was an inflammatory pseudotumor rather than a malignant tumor. This prompted us to contemplate the origin of the foreign body and the mechanisms by which it led to the formation of the inflammatory pseudotumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfa Zhong
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Zhaojie Su
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Hao Li
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Jingmiao Ma
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Dongbin Li
- Community Health Service Center of Heshan Street, Huli District, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Samanta A, Sen Sarma M. Hepatic pseudotumor: A diagnostic challenge. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:667-670. [PMID: 38818301 PMCID: PMC11135271 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic pseudotumors are rare lesions of unknown origin, characterized by the proliferation of fibrous connective tissue and inflammatory cell infiltrates. They mimic malignant lesions clinically, and radiologically, given their non-specific clinical and imaging features. The pathophysiology of hepatic pseudotumor is incompletely understood and there are no standardized criteria for diagnosis. Pseudotumors have been reported to develop in various organs in the body with the lung and liver being the most common site. Hepatic pseudotumors develop in patients with underlying triggers of liver inflammation and injury, including infections, autoimmune liver diseases, bile duct injury, or surgery. Hepatic pseudotumors respond well to conservative treatment with antibiotics, and steroids and some may regress spontaneously, thus avoiding unnecessary resection. This condition is rewarding to treat. It is important to recognize pseudotumor as a distinct clinical entity and include it in the differential of liver masses with atypical imaging features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Samanta
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Moinak Sen Sarma
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India.
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Patel A, Chen A, Lalos AT. Inflammatory pseudotumors in the liver associated with influenza: A case report. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:1164-1169. [PMID: 37970616 PMCID: PMC10642433 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i10.1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a rare and benign lesion that mimics malignancy and can develop in any part of the body. The pathophysiology and etiology of these quasineoplastic lesions remain unclear. CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 65-year-old male who presented with fevers, night sweats, and unintentional weight loss following an influenza infection and was found to have multiple hepatic IPT's following an extensive work up. CONCLUSION Our case highlights the importance of considering hepatic IPT's in the differential in a patient who presents with symptoms and imaging findings mimicking malignancy shortly following a viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankoor Patel
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States.
| | - Alexander Chen
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Alexander T Lalos
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
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Abstract
Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) describes a mass lesion composed of fibroblasts or myofibroblasts with a dense inflammatory infiltrate comprising lymphocyte, plasma cells, and histiocytes. These lesions are presumed to be an exuberant response to an infectious organism, although in most cases the causative agent is unknown. In specific circumstances, pathologists should consider ancillary techniques to exclude specific infections, such as mycobacteria, Candida, or syphilis. IgG4-related disease may cause a plasma-cell rich IPT. Finally, true neoplasms can mimic IPTs and must be excluded with appropriate ancillary studies, including inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, follicular dendritic cell tumor, inflammatory angiomyolipoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and inflammatory hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 560 First Avenue TH-483, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Joseph Misdraji
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, 20 York Street EP2-611, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Takagi S, Morise Z, Katsuno H, Kikuchi K, Nakamura K, Endo T, Ochi T, Matsuo K, Yasuoka H, Nishimura A, Nishijima A. Successful treatment with laparoscopic extended posterior sectionectomy for inflammatory pseudotumor in the liver with para-aortic lymphadenitis. Asian J Endosc Surg 2023; 16:621-626. [PMID: 37280744 DOI: 10.1111/ases.13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a rare disease that requires a differential diagnosis from malignancies. We describe a case of hepatic IPT with para-aortic lymphadenopathy, treated with a stepwise strategy of laparoscopic surgery. A 61-year-old woman was referred with a liver lesion. Computed tomography revealed a 13 cm well-defined lesion in segments VII-VI. The patient also had bead-like enlarged lymph nodes from the perihilar to the para-aortic regions. Although percutaneous lymph node biopsy showed no evidence of malignancy, 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed accumulation in the lesion and lymph nodes. Lymph nodes were harvested laparoscopically for intraoperative pathological examination. With no evidence of malignancy, laparoscopic liver resection was continuously performed as a diagnostic treatment. The patient was given a pathological diagnosis of IPT and was discharged on the 16th day and is well 2 years after surgery. The minimally invasive laparoscopic approach to diagnostic treatment could be useful with secure advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Takagi
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Zenichi Morise
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Katsuno
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kenji Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Endo
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ochi
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsuo
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hironobu Yasuoka
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nishimura
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Aki Nishijima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Japan
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Omer Mirghani M, Zia Z, Haytham Mawardi M, Almansouri Z, Ahmad N. IgG4-related inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver presenting as an incidental solitary liver mass. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEPATOBILIARY AND PANCREATIC DISEASES 2023. [DOI: 10.5348/100101z04mm2023cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumor is increasingly being recognized as a definitive pathological entity affecting many organ systems and often difficult to distinguish from malignancy. We report a case of a 48-year-old female who presented with right hypochondrial pain associated with nausea and vomiting and recent weight loss. An ultrasound scan demonstrated gallstones without evidence of cholecystitis and an incidental 1.5 cm mass in the left liver lobe. A computed tomography (CT) and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan described the mass suspicious of a malignant tumour. An ultrasound-guided biopsy confirmed a benign inflammatory mass with lymphoplasmacytic infiltration staining for IgG4 and no evidence of malignancy. The patient had an elevated serum IgG4 levels. The patient was kept under surveillance. She underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy and at 18 months following the initial presentation the patient remains asymptomatic with stable liver lesion on ultrasound scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Omer Mirghani
- Department of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zergham Zia
- Department of Radiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Haytham Mawardi
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhoor Almansouri
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niaz Ahmad
- Departmet of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Miyagi A, Fujimoto D, Yoshikawa A, Okushi S, Miyagi J, Matsumoto R, Ogata S, Bando Y, Ogawa H, Tanahashi T. A rare case of fibrohistiocytic hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor with cholecystocholangitis showing positive IgG4 staining. Clin J Gastroenterol 2022; 15:975-980. [DOI: 10.1007/s12328-022-01663-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shen L, Yang Z, Ding R, Wei W, Xu Y. Hepatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: One case report. Front Surg 2022; 9:902753. [PMID: 35990088 PMCID: PMC9386116 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.902753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (HIMT) is a junctional neoplastic lesion of mesenchymal tissue origin that can sometimes become locally invasive and even metastasize or recur. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of HIMT is particularly important. However, hepatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor lacks a specific clinical presentation and typical imaging manifestations, thus posing a difficulty for us to diagnose and treat this disease. Case Presentation We report here a very rare surgical case of hepatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (HIMT) in a 41-year-old female who was admitted to the hospital for more than half a month for a liver-occupying lesion with fever found on physical examination.After discussion with the hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery team, we decided to perform surgical treatment. The final postoperative pathology confirmed hepatitis myofibroblastoma. Conclusion Our review of the domestic and international literature revealed no significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, so we report here a case of surgical treatment. One of our aims in this case report is to highlight the efficacy of surgical treatment in HIMT. HIMT is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose. Due to their intermediate biological behavior, surgical resection should be performed whenever feasible and patients should be followed-up in order to detect recurrence and metastasis as early as possible.
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Focal Benign Liver Lesions and Their Diagnostic Pitfalls. Radiol Clin North Am 2022; 60:755-773. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Park JW, Han SH, Kim DK. [Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor Misdiagnosed as Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2022; 79:41-44. [PMID: 35086972 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2021.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare tumor that is currently classified as an intermediate cancer according to the World Health Organization classification system. The pathophysiology of its occurrence is still unknown. Imaging tests, such as CT or MRI, can be helpful in diagnosis, but the final diagnosis is confirmed by a pathological examination through a biopsy and immunohistochemistry stain. The patient, in this case, presented an asymptomatic intrahepatic mass discovered incidentally on an imaging examination. Initially, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was suspected, but she was finally diagnosed with IMT through a histological examination after a liver resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Weon Park
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong-A University Hospital, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Song Hee Han
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University Hospital, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong Kyun Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong-A University Hospital, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Ishii-Kitano N, Enomoto H, Nishimura T, Aizawa N, Shibata Y, Higashiura A, Takashima T, Ikeda N, Yuri Y, Fujiwara A, Yoshihara K, Yoshioka R, Kawata S, Ota S, Nakano R, Shiomi H, Hirota S, Kumabe T, Nakashima O, Iijima H. Multiple Inflammatory Pseudotumors of the Liver Demonstrating Spontaneous Regression: A Case Report. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12010124. [PMID: 35054517 PMCID: PMC8779591 DOI: 10.3390/life12010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver is a rare benign disease. IPTs generally develop as solitary nodules, and cases with multiple lesions are uncommon. We herein report a case of multiple IPTs of the liver that spontaneously regressed. A 70-year-old woman with a 10-year history of primary biliary cholangitis and rheumatoid arthritis visited our hospital to receive a periodic medical examination. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed multiple hypoechoic lesions, with a maximum size of 33 mm, in the liver. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed low-attenuation areas in the liver with mild peripheral enhancement at the arterial and portal phases. We first suspected metastatic liver tumors, but fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography suggested the tumors to be inconsistent with malignant nodules. A percutaneous biopsy showed shedding of liver cells and abundant fibrosis with infiltration of inflammatory cells. Given these findings, we diagnosed the multiple tumors as IPTs. After careful observation for two months, the tumors almost vanished spontaneously. Physicians should avoid a hasty diagnosis of multiple tumors based solely on a few clinical findings, and a careful assessment with various imaging modalities should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Ishii-Kitano
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Hirayuki Enomoto
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Takashi Nishimura
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
- Ultrasound Imaging Center, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (Y.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Nobuhiro Aizawa
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Yoko Shibata
- Ultrasound Imaging Center, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (Y.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Akiko Higashiura
- Ultrasound Imaging Center, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (Y.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Tomoyuki Takashima
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Naoto Ikeda
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Yukihisa Yuri
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Aoi Fujiwara
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Kohei Yoshihara
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Ryota Yoshioka
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Shoki Kawata
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Shogo Ota
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Ryota Nakano
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Hideyuki Shiomi
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Seiichi Hirota
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan;
| | | | - Osamu Nakashima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume 830-0011, Fukuoka, Japan;
| | - Hiroko Iijima
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (N.I.-K.); (T.N.); (N.A.); (T.T.); (N.I.); (Y.Y.); (A.F.); (K.Y.); (R.Y.); (S.K.); (S.O.); (R.N.); (H.S.); (H.I.)
- Ultrasound Imaging Center, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan; (Y.S.); (A.H.)
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Calistri L, Maraghelli D, Nardi C, Vidali S, Rastrelli V, Crocetti L, Grazioli L, Colagrande S. Magnetic resonance imaging of inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver: a 2021 systematic literature update and series presentation. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:2795-2810. [PMID: 35648207 PMCID: PMC9300573 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver (IPTL) are not exceptional benign lesions with various etiologies, histology, and imaging appearances. The incomplete knowledge of this pathology and the wide polymorphism sometimes resembling malignancy often induce long and expensive diagnostic flow, biopsy and occasionally unnecessary surgery. We propose a systematic revision of MRI literature data (2000-2021) with some narrative inserts and 10 new complete MRI cases, with the aim of organizing the data about IPTL and identifying some typical features able to improve its diagnosis from imaging. METHODS We performed a systematic revision of literature from 2000 to 2021 to obtain MRI features, epidemiological, and clinical data of IPTL. The basic online search algorithm on the PubMed database was "(pseudotumor) AND (liver) AND (imaging)." Quality assessment was performed using both scales by Moola for case report studies and by Munn for cross-sectional studies reporting prevalence data. A case-based retrospective study by collecting patients diagnosed with IPTL from three different university hospitals from 2015 to 2021 was done as well. Only cases with MR examinations complete with T1/T2/contrast-enhanced T1/Diffusion-Weighted (W) images and pathology-proven IPTL were selected. RESULTS After screening/selection 38 articles were included for a total of 114 patients. In our experience we selected 10 cases for a total of 16 IPTLs; 8 out of 10 patients underwent at least 1 MRI follow-up. Some reproducible and rather typical imaging findings for IPTL were found. The targetoid aspect of IPTL is very frequent in our experience (75% on T1W, 44% on T2W, 81% on contrast-enhanced T1W (at least one phase), 100% on Diffusion-W images) but is also recurrent in the literature (6% on T1W, 31% on T2W, 51% on CE-T1W (at least one phase), 18% on Diffusion-W images, and 67% on hepatobiliary phase). In our experience, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient map values were always equal to or higher than those of the surrounding parenchyma, and at MRI follow-up, nodule/s disappeared at first/second control, in six patients, while in the remaining 2, lesions persisted with tendency to dehydration. CONCLUSION A targetoid-like aspect of a focal liver lesion must raise diagnostic suspicion, especially if IgG4-positive plasma is detected. MRI follow-up mainly shows the disappearance of the lesion or its reduction with dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Calistri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiodiagnostic Unit n. 2, University of Florence - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Maraghelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiodiagnostic Unit n. 2, University of Florence - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Cosimo Nardi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiodiagnostic Unit n. 2, University of Florence - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Sofia Vidali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiodiagnostic Unit n. 2, University of Florence - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Vieri Rastrelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiodiagnostic Unit n. 2, University of Florence - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Crocetti
- Clinical and Translational Science Research Department - Division of Interventional Radiology, Cisanello University Hospital, Bldg 30, Via Paradisa 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Grazioli
- Department of Radiology, University of Brescia “Spedali Civili”, P. le Spedali Civili 1, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Colagrande
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiodiagnostic Unit n. 2, University of Florence - Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
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IgG4-related hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking cholangiolocellular carcinoma. Clin J Gastroenterol 2021; 14:1733-1739. [PMID: 34570358 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-021-01526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a benign tumor mass composed of chronic infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibrous tissue. IgG4-RD (related disease) in the hepatobiliary system has been widely recognized and includes IgG4-related hepatic IPT. This report describes a patient with IgG4-related hepatic IPT with sclerosing cholangitis. A 75-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of rectal cancer. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a low-density mass, 2.5 cm in diameter, in the left lateral lobe. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the mass was slightly hypointense on T1-weighted images and slightly hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Based on these results, we made a diagnosis of cholangiolocellular carcinoma, and we performed a left hepatectomy. Histopathological examination showed that the mass was composed of fibrous stroma with dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. Immunohistochemically, IgG4-positive plasma cells were observed. The final diagnosis was IgG4-related hepatic IPT with sclerosing cholangitis. IgG4-related IPT is a relatively rare disease that can occur in any organ of the body. Although the accurate diagnosis of IgG4-related hepatic IPT remains difficult, IgG4-RD should be included in the differential diagnosis of liver tumors and histological analysis performed.
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Fibrohistiocytic Variant of Hepatic Pseudotumor: An Antibiotic Responsive Tumefactive Lesion. Am J Surg Pathol 2021; 45:1314-1323. [PMID: 34334689 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumor is a term used to designate inflammation-rich tumefactive lesions. Following the exclusion of specific entities such as IgG4-related disease and other neoplastic entities previously included in this entity, the majority of hepatic pseudotumors show a prominent fibrohistiocytic inflammatory reaction and have been previously categorized as fibrohistiocytic variant of hepatic pseudotumor (FHVHPT). The goal of this study was to examine the clinical, radiologic, histologic, and etiologic aspects of this entity. After excluding neoplastic diseases, we identified 30 patients with FHVHPT from 3 institutions between 2009 and 2019. We extracted demographic and clinical data, liver function tests as well as culture results and radiologic information. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were reviewed for pattern of inflammation as well as its cellular composition. Immunohistochemistry for IgG4 and IgG was performed in all cases. The mean age of the 30 lesions characterized as FHVHPT was 56 years (range: 23 to 79 y). Nineteen patients showed solitary lesions; 11 were multiple. The mean size of the lesion was 3.8 cm (range: 1 to 7.5 cm). On imaging, a neoplastic process or metastasis was the leading diagnostic consideration (n=15, 50%). The most common symptom was abdominal pain (n=14/30); 8 patients presented with symptoms compatible with an infectious process, including fever. The inflammatory infiltrate was dominated by lymphocytes and plasma cells, and in most cases, a prominent histiocytic infiltrate (22/30). Neutrophils were identified in 12 cases, with microabscess noted in 8. Storiform pattern of fibrosis was seen in 14/30 cases; obliterative phlebitis was not identified. Culture identified a microorganism in 4 of 9 cases evaluated. The mean IgG4 count was 9.3 per HPF (range: 0 to 51) with 9 of the 26 (35%) biopsies showing >10 IgG4 positive plasma cells per HPF. The mean IgG4 to IgG ratio was 8% (range: 8% to 46%). A hepatectomy was performed in 4 cases. On broad spectrum antibiotics (n=14) the lesions either resolved or decreased in size. Eight patients did not receive specific therapy, nevertheless, the lesion(s) resolved spontaneously in 6 cases, remained stable or decreased in size in 2 cases. Notably, none of these patients showed evidence of a hepatic recurrence. FHVHPT, a tumefactive lesion that mimics hepatic neoplasia, is histologically characterized by a fibrohistiocytic infiltrate. In the majority of patients FHVHPT represents the organizing phase of hepatic abscess and can be successfully managed with antibiotic therapy.
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Oh K, Hwang S, Ahn CS, Kim KH, Moon DB, Ha TY, Song GW, Jung DH, Hong SM. Clinicopathological features and post-resection outcomes of inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2021; 25:34-38. [PMID: 33649252 PMCID: PMC7952659 DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.2021.25.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor (HIPT) is a rare disease characterized by chronic infiltration of inflammatory cells and area of fibrosis. The objective of this retrospective observational study was to investigate clinicopathological features and outcomes of patients who underwent hepatic resection (HR) for HIPT. Methods From 2009 to 2018, seven patients with HIPT underwent HR, accounting for 0.06% of 11,979 adults who underwent HR at our center. Results These seven patients included five men and two women. Their mean age was 62.3±11.6 years. In four patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated liver cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis, liver masses were suspected of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or combined HCC-cholangiocarcinoma based on imaging studies. In three patients without HBV infection, two patients were suspected of HCC, for whom liver biopsy was not performed. One patient was suspected of liver abscess or HIPT, for whom percutaneous liver biopsy was performed and the mass was diagnosed with HIPT. However, this patient underwent HR owing to abdominal pain. No patient presented with abnormally elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II, or CA19-9. During a mean follow-up period of 76.4±34.8 months, no patient experienced recurrence of HIPT. Conclusions HIPT, a rare form of liver disease, is often misdiagnosed as malignant liver tumor. Active histological diagnosis is warranted for patients with suspected HIPT to avoid unnecessary operation. HR can be indicated in case of diagnostic ambiguity of HIPT or under a clinical diagnosis of malignant liver tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kibong Oh
- Department of Surgery, Anyang SAM Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Shin Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul-Soo Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Hun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deok-Bog Moon
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Ha
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi-Won Song
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hwan Jung
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Raad RA, Haddad L, Jabbour T, El-Rassi Z. Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Liver Mimicking Metastasis on 18F-FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:47-48. [PMID: 33156048 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A 62-year-old woman with history of stage III endometrial cancer was found to have a small enhancing liver lesion on follow-up abdominal CT and MRI, suspicious for metastasis. Subsequent F-FDG PET/CT was performed, demonstrating intense uptake within the liver lesion, consistent with metastasis. Subsequently, laparoscopic wedge liver lesion resection was performed. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) with predominant inflammatory cells. Although solitary liver IMTs are rare occurrences with imaging features overlapping with malignancy, IMT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of suspicious liver lesions, especially when the pattern of spread is unusual.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Teddy Jabbour
- Surgery, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad El-Rassi
- Surgery, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Kato H, Mitani Y, Goda T, Ueno M, Hayami S, Tsujimoto H, Kounami S, Ichikawa T, Yamaue H. Hepatic Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor Detected in the Fetal Period That Caused an Oncologic Emergency. Case Rep Oncol 2020; 13:1513-1519. [PMID: 33564292 PMCID: PMC7841740 DOI: 10.1159/000511052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A huge abdominal cystic lesion with ascites was detected in a male neonate at 31 weeks of gestation. Increasing ascites and the appearance of subcutaneous edema were detected, which caused fetal hydrops. The patient was delivered by emergency cesarean section at 33 weeks of gestation. The birth weight was 2,407 g, and the Apgar score was 8/9 points (1-/5-min values). Breathing at birth was stable, but the patient presented with remarkable abdominal distention due to the ascites. Later, the patient presented with tachypnea, and breathing gradually worsened, so an emergency operation was performed. There were no intraoperative findings within the small intestine, but there was a large amount of ascites and a cystic mass arising from the liver. The patient's breathing and circulation dynamics could only be stabilized by ascites removal, so only a tumor biopsy was performed. The pathological findings led to the diagnosis of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, and steroids were administered early after surgery for the purpose of an anti-inflammatory effect and tumor shrinkage. The abdominal distention was alleviated, and blood examinations showed a reduced inflammatory response. There was no apparent shrinkage of the tumor, however; thus, radical surgical treatment was performed on day 24. The postoperative course was uneventful, so the patient was discharged on day 36. Seven years after the operation there has been no recurrence or distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Kato
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mitani
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Taro Goda
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsujimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shinji Kounami
- Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ichikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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Ichikawa S, Motosugi U, Suzuki T, Shimizu T, Onishi H. Imaging features of hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor: distinction from colorectal liver metastasis using gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:2400-2408. [PMID: 32468212 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-020-02575-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI features distinguishing hepatic IPT from CLM. METHODS From February 2008 to December 2019, 162 lesions (IPT, n = 31 and CLM, n = 131) from 94 patients (mean age 65.1 ± 12.2 years; 65 men and 29 women) were retrospectively assessed for the presence or absence of obscure boundary, rim enhancement on arterial phase (AP), persistent rim enhancement during AP to transitional phase (TP), blood vessel penetration, peritumoral parenchymal enhancement on AP, peritumoral parenchymal hypointensity on hepatobiliary phase (HBP), peritumoral parenchymal hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), biliary dilatation, central hypointensity with a relatively hyperintense periphery on HBP, peripheral hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2WI, and lesion to liver signal intensity ratio (SIRlesion/liver) on HBP and DWI. Relevant features for differentiating between ITP and CLM were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Univariate analysis revealed significantly higher frequencies of the following features in IPT than CLM: younger age, obscure boundary, blood vessel penetration, central hypointensity with a relatively hyperintense periphery on HBP, higher SIRlesion/liver on HBP, and lower SIRlesion/liver on DWI (P < 0.001‒0.035). Rim enhancement on AP and persistent rim enhancement during AP to TP were significantly more common in CLM than in IPT (P ≤ 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that a central hypointensity with a relatively peripheral hyperintensity on HBP, higher SIRlesion/liver on HBP, and lower SIRlesion/liver on DWI were predictive of IPT (P = 0.003‒0.039). CONCLUSION Central hypointensity with a relatively peripheral hyperintensity on HBP and SIRlesion/liver on HBP and DWI may be reliable gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI features for distinguishing IPT from CLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Ichikawa
- Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Utaroh Motosugi
- Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kofu Kyoritsu Hospital, Kofu, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Suzuki
- Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Onishi
- Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
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Filips A, Maurer MH, Montani M, Beldi G, Lachenmayer A. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver: A case report and review of literature. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:170-183. [PMID: 32685109 PMCID: PMC7336290 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i4.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors of the liver (IMTL) are extremely rare neoplasms and very little is known about their clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and biological behavior. Due to their absolute rarity, it is almost impossible to obtain a definite diagnosis without histological examination. Because of their intermediate biological behavior with the risk for local recurrence and metastases, surgical resection is recommend whenever IMTL is suspect.
CASE SUMMARY We herein present a case of an otherwise healthy 32-year-old woman who presented with intermittent fever, unclear anemia, malaise and right flank pain 4 mo postpartum. The liver mass in segment IVa/b was highly FDG avid in the positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Hepatic resection was performed achieving a negative resection margin and an immediate resolution of all clinical symptoms. Histological analysis diagnosed the rare finding of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver and revealed cytoplasmic anaplastic lymphoma kinase expression by immunohistochemistry. Twelve months follow-up magnetic resonance imaging showed no recurrence and no metastases in the fully recovered patient.
CONCLUSION IMTLs are extremely rare and difficult to diagnose. Due to their intermediate biological behavior, surgical resection should be perform whenever feasible and patients should be followed-up in order to detect recurrence and metastasis as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Filips
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Martin H Maurer
- Department of Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Montani
- Institute of Pathology, Inselspital, University Hospital, University Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Guido Beldi
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Anja Lachenmayer
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
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20
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Nigam N, Rajani SS, Rastogi A, Patil A, Agrawal N, Sureka B, Arora A, Bihari C. Inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver: Importance of a multimodal approach with the insistance of needle biopsy. J Lab Physicians 2020; 11:361-368. [PMID: 31929705 PMCID: PMC6943873 DOI: 10.4103/jlp.jlp_63_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT: Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver is a rare, tumor-like lesion that is considered to be biologically benign but often mimics malignancy. AIMS: The aim of the study was construe clinicopathological features, imaging findings, differential diagnosis, management, and follow-up of IPT involving the liver. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: It is a retrospective study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Cases included were of IPT, diagnosed on histopathology, at our center from June 2009 to December 2016. Details studied were clinical presentation, imaging studies, laboratory investigations, pathological features, treatment, and follow-up of the cases and compared with reports in the literature. RESULTS: A total of cases of IPT included were 17. The age of the patients ranged from 21 to 62 years. Common presenting features were intermittent fever, upper abdominal pain, and weight loss. Radiological diagnosis varied from neoplastic (13) to infectious etiologies (4), with hepatocellular carcinoma being the most common differential (7/17). Laboratory investigations revealed leukocytosis, hyperbilirubinemia, raised transaminases, and raised serum alkaline phosphatase. Core biopsy of a tumor conceded increased fibrosis along with mixed inflammatory cell infiltrates. Eleven cases were managed conservatively and showed regression or complete recovery. Six patients underwent surgical resection. None of these had any recurrence in median follow-up of 22 months. CONCLUSIONS: IPT of the liver can masquerade as a fatality, either primary or metastatic. It will be well managed with conservative modalities and can avoid redundant hepatectomy, reserved for complicated cases. For this intent, accurate preoperative diagnosis is the requisite, and needle biopsy with or without fine-needle aspiration cytology plays as a significant rescuer in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Nigam
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shikha Singh Rajani
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Rastogi
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anupama Patil
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikhil Agrawal
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Binit Sureka
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Asit Arora
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chhagan Bihari
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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21
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Imazu N, Shibata M, Koya Y, Morino K, Honma Y, Senju M, Watanabe T, Harada M. Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor Protruding from the Liver Surface and Directly Penetrating the Colon. Intern Med 2020; 59:527-532. [PMID: 31611530 PMCID: PMC7056384 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3599-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 69-year-old man was diagnosed with a liver abscess and received antibiotics at a local hospital. He was referred to our hospital due to a persistent fever. He had hepatic masses protruding from the liver surface toward the transverse colon. We reached a diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) by a percutaneous liver biopsy. Colonoscopy showed direct invasion of IPT to the colon. His condition improved by the intravenous administration of antibiotics. Hepatic IPT is often misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. We should consider IPT when we encounter hepatic tumors, and a percutaneous liver biopsy is useful for avoiding unnecessary excessive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Imazu
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Michihiko Shibata
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yudai Koya
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kahori Morino
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuichi Honma
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Michio Senju
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Watanabe
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masaru Harada
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Japan
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22
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Kaur K, Yadav R, Dash NR, Madhusudan KS, Jangra K, Das P, Dattagupta S. Synchronous Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumour of Liver and Carcinoma Head of Pancreas in a Young Male: a Diagnostic Dilemma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2019; 51:620-623. [PMID: 31478122 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanwalpreet Kaur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Rajni Yadav
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Nihar Ranjan Dash
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K S Madhusudan
- Department of Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kirti Jangra
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Prasenjit Das
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Siddhartha Dattagupta
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to illustrate the various pitfalls, mimics, and atypical features that can lead to inaccurate diagnosis of focal lesions in a noncirrhotic liver. The content includes relevant pathogenesis and background as well as specific clues that can be used to reach an accurate diagnosis. CONCLUSION When assessing focal hepatic lesions, it is important to avoid pitfalls and misdiagnoses that can alter the management plan. Helpful strategies for avoiding pitfalls include paying close attention to the clinical history of the patient, carefully evaluating all of the available imaging studies, and being aware of the various radiologic mimics.
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24
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Panick CE, Ward RD, Coppa C, Liu PS. Hepatic capsular retraction: An updated MR imaging review. Eur J Radiol 2019; 113:15-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor: An Important Differential Diagnosis in Patients With a History of Previous Biliary Procedures. ACG Case Rep J 2019; 6:e00015. [PMID: 31598534 PMCID: PMC6657982 DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumors (IPTs) are rare lesions that mimic malignancy clinically, radiologically, and pathologically. The pathophysiology is unknown, and no criteria exist for diagnosis. This series includes 3 cases: 1 patient had recent biliary drainage with bile duct stent placement, and the other 2 patients had hepatic abscess formation before IPT development, which further supports that hepatic IPTs develop in patients with underlying triggers of liver inflammation and injury, including infections and/or bile leakage into the parenchyma. All 3 patients were successfully treated with antibiotics, sparing them surgical intervention. Follow-up showed complete resolution, and none developed recurrences or malignancies.
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26
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Yang TL, Chang HC. Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Liver. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrp.jcrp_15_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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27
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Kim MJ, Kim H, Song YJ, Cho SK, Sung YK. A Case of Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor Occurred in a Patient with Lupus Nephritis. JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2019. [DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2019.26.2.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoungyoung Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeo-Jin Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Cho
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Sung
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea
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28
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Lameirão Gomes C, Silva N, Presa Ramos J. Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Liver: Clinical Case. GE-PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2018; 26:305-307. [PMID: 31328151 DOI: 10.1159/000493438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Lameirão Gomes
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Nuno Silva
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Presa Ramos
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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Ho A, Girgis S, Low G. Uncommon liver lesions with multimodality imaging and pathology correlation. Clin Radiol 2018; 73:191-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sheng RF, Zhai CW, Ji Y, Chen CZ, Yang L, Zeng MS. Role of MR in the differentiation of IgG4-related from non-IgG4-related hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2017; 16:631-637. [PMID: 29291783 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(17)60062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is classified into 2 types based on IgG4 stain: IgG4-related and non-IgG4-related; the two types differ not only in their pathological characteristics, but also in the clinical features. This study aimed to investigate the MR character of hepatic IPT, and differentiate the IgG4-related IPT from the non-IgG4-related IPT. METHODS Twenty-five patients with 27 histologically proven hepatic IPTs were retrospectively analyzed. Ten lesions were diagnosed as IgG4-related IPT, and the other 17 as non-IgG4-related IPT. The MR signal features on T1, T2-weighted, dynamic-enhanced, and diffusion-weighted imaging were evaluated and compared. RESULTS The dominant lesions were subcapsularly distributed (n=17, 63.0%) with clear boundary (n=20, 74.1%), and showed progressive enhancement pattern (n=21, 77.8%) with diffuse homogeneous (n=12, 44.4%) or heterogeneous (n=8, 29.6%) hyperintensity, accompanied by delayed capsule-like enhancement (n=17, 63.0%) and central nonenhanced areas (n=18, 66.7%). Morphological features (P>0.05) were not sufficient to differentiate IgG4-related IPT from non-IgG4-related IPT; the wash-out pattern was only found in 2 IgG4-related IPT, while the progressive enhancement pattern was more common in the non-IgG4-related lesions (n=16) (P=0.022). During portal and delayed phases, iso-/hypoenhanced lesions were only seen in 3 IgG4-related IPT, and circular-enhanced lesions (n=5) existed exceptionally in the non-IgG4-related group with significant differences (P=0.029 and 0.027). Most IgG4-related IPTs had lower apparent diffusion coefficient compared with the liver parenchyma (n=6), while most non-IgG4-related IPTs had higher apparent diffusion coefficient value (n=13) (P=0.046). CONCLUSIONS Although MR images of hepatic IPT have certain characteristics, they are not enough to differentiate IgG4-related IPT from non-IgG4-related IPT. The enhancement pattern, signal features on portal and delayed phases, and the apparent diffusion coefficient value of the lesion may be helpful for the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Fan Sheng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chang-Wen Zhai
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cai-Zhong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng-Su Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Shang J, Wang YY, Dang Y, Zhang XJ, Song Y, Ruan LT. An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the transplanted liver displaying quick wash-in and wash-out on contrast-enhanced ultrasound: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9024. [PMID: 29245287 PMCID: PMC5728902 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm, and its presence in a grafted liver is exceedingly rare. PATIENT CONCERNS A 54-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a half-month history of intermittent melena. She had undergone deceased-donor liver transplantation (LT) for hepatitis B virus related liver cirrhosis without hepatocellular carcinoma 5 months previously. DIAGNOSIS Laboratory examination showed impaired liver and renal functions and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, but tumor markers within normal ranges. Gastroscopy showed esophageal varices. Ultrasound and computed tomography angiography revealed an ill-defined and irregular solitary lesion in the porta hepatis, encasing both the portal vein and the hepatic artery. The lesion was characterized by arterial hyper-enhancement and hypo-enhancement in the remaining phases with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The lesion was finally confirmed as an IMT by ultrasound-guided biopsy. INTERVENTION The patient received conservative treatment, including immunosuppression, endoscopic variceal ligation, antibiotics, steroids, and antiviral agents. OUTCOME The patient's gastrointestinal bleeding was controlled, but the symptoms associated with portal hypertension worsened. Attempts to perform a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt were unsuccessful, and she unfortunately died soon after. LESSONS A differential diagnosis of IMT should be considered in LT recipients presenting with EBV infection, normal tumor markers, and a de novo hepatic lesion with quick wash-in and wash-out on CEUS. Ultrasound is associated with the advantages of convenience and nonionizing radiation, and should thus be the priority approach for monitoring transplanted liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xin-juan Zhang
- Department of Pathological Diagnosis, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine
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Fuchino M, Tajiri K, Minemura M, Sugiyama T. Vanishing Tumor in a Liver Graft from a Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen-Positive Donor. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2017; 11:610-615. [PMID: 29118691 PMCID: PMC5662982 DOI: 10.1159/000481164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of vanishing tumor considered as inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) found in the liver after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) from a hepatitis B virus surface antigen-positive donor. The radiological findings were similar to those of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the tumor disappeared completely within several months and was suggested to have been an IPT. IPT is known to be associated with biliary duct operation or biliary infection, and it can show various enhancement patterns in radiological studies, sometimes resembling HCC. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a liver tumor in patients with LDLT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuto Tajiri
- *Kazuto Tajiri, MD, PhD, Department of Gastroenterology, Toyama University Hospital, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194 (Japan), E-Mail
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Christ JBM, Tannapfel A, Kukuk G, Schlottmann K, Straßburg C, Schneidewind A. [A 59-year-old woman with upper abdominal pain and fever]. Internist (Berl) 2017; 58:1090-1096. [PMID: 28555378 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-017-0255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A 59-year-old woman suffered from fever and upper abdominal pain. The computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a liver lesion. Conventional imaging techniques (CT, magnetic resonance imaging, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography) did not allow for a consistent diagnosis. Fine needle biopsy of the liver lesion was performed. Histologically, fibrotic inflammation was found and an inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) diagnosed. Despite treatment with steroids and antibiotics, the size of the IPT increased; thus, surgical resection was necessary. In case of fever of unknown origin, IPT should be considered as a potential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B M Christ
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Diabetologie und Innere Medizin, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein gGmbH, Urbacher Weg 19, 51149, Köln, Deutschland.
| | - A Tannapfel
- Institut für Pathologie, Universität Bochum, Bochum, Deutschland
| | - G Kukuk
- Radiologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland
| | - K Schlottmann
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Katharinen-Hospital Unna, Unna, Deutschland
| | - C Straßburg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland
| | - A Schneidewind
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland
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The role of apparent diffusion coefficient values in characterization of solid focal liver lesions: a prospective and comparative clinical study. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:16-22. [PMID: 28078512 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-0387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated and compared the diagnostic accuracy (DA) of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values with that of lesion-to-liver ADC ratios in the characterization of solid focal liver lesions (FLLs). This prospective study was approved by the Institutional Human Ethics Board, after waiving written informed consent. Diffusion-weighted imaging and other routine magnetic resonance imaging were performed on 142 consecutive patients with suspected liver disease. The mean ADC values and lesion-to-liver ADC ratios were compared between benign and malignant solid FLLs. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed. The study participants included 46 patients (28 men, 18 women; mean age, 52.5 years) with 57 solid FLLs (32 malignant and 25 benign FLLs). The mean ADC values and ADC ratios of benign solid FLLs were significantly higher than those of malignant lesions (P<0.01). The difference between the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the ADC values (0.699) and ADC ratios (0.752) was not significant. Our study suggests that the DA of the ADC ratio is not significantly higher than that of ADC in characterizing solid FLLs.
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Miyajima S, Okano A, Ohana M. Immunoglobulin G4-related hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor invading the abdominal wall. Clin J Gastroenterol 2016; 10:57-62. [PMID: 27909975 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-016-0701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A 50-year-old woman presented with epigastralgia. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed a 6-cm well-enhanced mass extending from the left lobe of the liver to the abdominal wall, suggestive of cholangiocarcinoma. Liver and skin mass biopsies did not provide evidence of hepatic malignancy but were rich in plasma cells and sclerotic lesions. Subsequent detection of elevated serum immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) led to a diagnosis IgG4-related inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids resulted in rapid clinical improvement. This case is the first report of an IgG4-related hepatic IPT invading the abdominal wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Miyajima
- Gastroenterology, Tenri Hospital, 200 Mishima-chou, Tenri, Nara Prefecture, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Okano
- Gastroenterology, Tenri Hospital, 200 Mishima-chou, Tenri, Nara Prefecture, Japan
| | - Masaya Ohana
- Gastroenterology, Tenri Hospital, 200 Mishima-chou, Tenri, Nara Prefecture, Japan
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Abstract
While initially controversial, the proposal that a subset of inflammatory pseudotumours were myofibroblastic neoplasms is now acknowledged. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour is a spindle cell neoplasm of intermediate biological potential that may arise in a wide range of anatomic sites but has a particular propensity for the lung and abdominal soft tissues. Depending on its location, IMT may present with a variety of clinical symptoms and it may also express a variable pathologic phenotype, leading to a broad range of clinical and pathological differentials. Recent discoveries about the molecular signatures of IMT not only provide additional tools to assist in their diagnosis, they also point to possible therapeutic interventions that may transform the management algorithms for patients with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael McDermott
- Dept of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Our Lady׳s Children׳s Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.
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Hamzaoui L, Medhioub M, Mahmoudi M, Chelbi E, Bouzaidi K, Msadak Azouz M. Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver. Presse Med 2016; 45:804-7. [PMID: 27476013 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lamine Hamzaoui
- Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri, service de gastroentérologie, Nabeul, Tunisia; Université Tunis-El Manar, faculté de médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Mouna Medhioub
- Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri, service de gastroentérologie, Nabeul, Tunisia; Université Tunis-El Manar, faculté de médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Moufida Mahmoudi
- Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri, service de gastroentérologie, Nabeul, Tunisia; Université Tunis-El Manar, faculté de médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Emna Chelbi
- Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri, service d'anatomopathologie, Nabeul, Tunisia; Université Tunis-El Manar, faculté de médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Bouzaidi
- Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri, service de radiologie, Nabeul, Tunisia; Université Tunis-El Manar, faculté de médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Msadak Azouz
- Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri, service de gastroentérologie, Nabeul, Tunisia; Université Tunis-El Manar, faculté de médecine de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
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Diffusion-Weighted Imaging with Two Different b-Values in Detection of Solid Focal Liver Lesions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8128207. [PMID: 27019851 PMCID: PMC4785245 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8128207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and eighty-two consecutive patients with suspected liver disease were recruited to receive diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with two different b-values, in comparison with T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). The detection rate of three MR sequences in solid focal liver lesions (FLLs) and subgroup analyses were performed. Our prospective study found that DWI600 was equivalent to DWI100 and T2WI for the detection of solid FLLs overall but was significantly more accurate in the detection of malignant solid FLLs and lesions larger than 10 mm.
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Honmyo N, Kobayashi T, Tashiro H, Ishiyama K, Ide K, Tahara H, Ohira M, Kuroda S, Arihiro K, Ohdan H. Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver occurring during the course of hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2016; 20:96-100. [PMID: 26826935 PMCID: PMC4818301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Occurrence of IPT of the liver during the course of HCC treatment is rare. IPT of the liver may resemble moderately differentiated HCC on dynamic enhanced CT. Hepatic IPT may be associated with latent inflammatory reactions to HCV activity despite negative HCV-RNA. Hepatectomy should be considered for a hepatic lesion suspected as HCC but may be IPT.
Introduction Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver is a rare and benign disease that has a good prognosis. It is often difficult to distinguish IPT from hepatic malignancies, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), because specific clinical symptoms are absent and the diseases’ radiological findings can be similar. IPT is particularly difficult to distinguish from HCC in livers with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis. We report a case of IPT of the liver that mimicked HCV-related HCC recurrence. Presentation of case A 78-year-old asymptomatic Japanese man who had undergone hepatectomy for HCV-related HCCs (moderately differentiated type) in segments 7 and 5 four and a half years previously was referred to our hospital for treatment of a 30-mm enhanced tumor in segment 5 (a typical HCC pattern). The tumor was identified via abdominal dynamic computed tomography (CT) and CT with hepatic arteriography and arterial portography. Thereafter, liver segmentectomy 5 was performed, and the histopathological diagnosis was a 10-mm IPT of the liver. After 1.5 years, magnetic resonance imaging revealed two new enhanced lesions in segment 8, which showed the typical pattern of HCC. Because these lesions grew in size for 3 months, liver segmentectomy 8 was performed for HCC recurrence. Histopathological examination showed that both lesions were HCCs. Conclusion HCV-related HCC has a high rate of multicentric recurrence. Our experience suggests that, when a hepatic lesion is suspected to be HCC, surgical resection should be considered for curative treatment and to rule out malignancy, even if the lesion may be an IPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruhiko Honmyo
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Tashiro
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Kohei Ishiyama
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Ide
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Tahara
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Koji Arihiro
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Hideki Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
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Obana T, Yamasaki S, Nishio K, Kobayashi Y. A case of hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor protruding from the liver surface. Clin J Gastroenterol 2015; 8:340-4. [PMID: 26412330 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-015-0605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of a resected hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) protruding from the liver surface. A 69-year-old male with diabetes mellitus was admitted to hospital for investigation of an hepatic mass. An irregularly shaped, low-echoic mass measuring 21 × 18 mm was identified by ultrasound in S6. On computed tomography, the tumor appeared to be growing extrahepatically. After contrast enhancement, the lesion showed persistent peripheral enhancement, while the central part was hypoenhanced. On T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the central portion of the lesion was hyperintense compared with the periphery. EOB-enhanced MRI revealed the mass to be being hypointense in contrast to the surrounding liver parenchyma in the hepatobiliary phase. On diffusion-weighted images, the lesion was hyperintense. Percutaneous biopsy was not attempted to avoid tumor cell dissemination. The patient underwent partial hepatectomy because of suspected malignancy. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed fibrotic tissue and abundant vessels in the periphery, while a massive infiltration of inflammatory cells and fewer vessels were observed in the center. The patient was finally diagnosed with hepatic IPT of the fibrohistiocytic type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Obana
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyojinkai Komatsu Hospital, 11-6 Kawakatsu-cho, Neyagawa City, Osaka Prefecture, 572-8567, Japan.
| | - Shuuji Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyojinkai Komatsu Hospital, 11-6 Kawakatsu-cho, Neyagawa City, Osaka Prefecture, 572-8567, Japan
| | - Kazushi Nishio
- Department of Surgery, Kyojinkai Komatsu Hospital, Neyagawa, Japan
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Guerrero Puente L, Muñoz García-Borruel M, Barrera Baena P, de la Mata García M. [Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver: A propos of a case]. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2015; 39:329-31. [PMID: 26249155 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Guerrero Puente
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, España.
| | | | - Pilar Barrera Baena
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, España
| | - Manuel de la Mata García
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, España
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Zhang Y, Lu H, Ji H, Li Y. Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver: A case report and literature review. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2015; 4:155-8. [PMID: 26361568 PMCID: PMC4561246 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2015.01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reported here is the case of a 55-year-old man who had tarry stools for 3 days before he was seen at this Department. The man had weight loss and an intermittent fever for 3 months prior. Histopathology revealed an inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver. This case is reported here along with a review of the literature. Nine days after surgery, the patient passed bright red blood (150 mL) in the stool with no clear trigger. A colonoscopy a month later revealed no abnormalities. This is a rare report of an inflammatory pseudotumor featuring intractable bleeding. An inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver is a rare condition, and differentiating this pseudotumor from hepatic space-occupying lesions is crucial. An inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver may spontaneously regress and mimic other liver tumors. The treatment of choice for this pseudotumor is still surgical resection, and this is especially true for patients with severe symptoms or an indeterminate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Yiming Li, Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West 5th Road, Xi'an 710004, People's Republic of China. E-mail:
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Al-Hussaini H, Azouz H, Abu-Zaid A. Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor presenting in an 8-year-old boy: A case report and review of literature. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:8730-8738. [PMID: 26229415 PMCID: PMC4515854 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i28.8730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumors are uncommon benign lesions. Accurately diagnosing hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor can be very challenging because the clinical presentation and radiological appearances are nonspecific and cannot be certainly distinguished from malignant neoplastic processes. Herein, we present a case of hepatic IPT in an 8-year-old boy who presented to clinic with a 3-mo history of a tender hepatic mass, fever of unknown origin, and 9-kg weight loss. The physical examination was notable for tender hepatomegaly. Laboratory investigations were notable for a normal hepatic profile and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. A T2-attenuated magnetic resonance imaging scan of the abdomen showed a 4.7 cm × 4.7 cm × 6.6 cm, contrast-enhancing, hyper-intense, well-defined lesion involving the right hepatic lobe. In view of the unremitting symptoms, tender hepatomegaly, thrombosed right hepatic vein, nonspecific radiological findings, and high suspicion of a deep-seated underlying infection or malignancy, a right hepatic lobectomy was recommended. Microscopically, the hepatic lesion exhibited a mixture of inflammatory cells (histiocytes, plasma cells, mature lymphocytes, and occasional multinucleated giant cells) in a background of dense fibrous tissue. Immunohistochemically, the cells stained negative for SMA, ALK-1, CD-21 and CD-23, diffusely positive for CD-68, and focally positive for IgG4. The final histopathological diagnosis was consistent with hepatic IPT. At the postoperative 4-mo follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic without radiological evidence of recurrence.
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Heiken JP. Liver and pancreas. Cancer Imaging 2015. [PMCID: PMC4601651 DOI: 10.1186/1470-7330-15-s1-o24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Da Ines D, Mons A, Braidy C, Montoriol PF, Garcier JM, Vilgrain V. Hepatic capsular retraction: spectrum of diagnosis at MRI. Acta Radiol Short Rep 2014; 3:2047981614545667. [PMID: 25535571 PMCID: PMC4271716 DOI: 10.1177/2047981614545667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic capsular retraction is an imaging feature that deserves the attention of the radiologist. Hepatic capsular retraction is associated with a number of hepatic lesions, benign or malignant, treated or untreated. The purpose of this pictorial review is to discuss the most common benign and malignant hepatic lesions associated with this feature with an emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Da Ines
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Antoine Mons
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Chadi Braidy
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre François Montoriol
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Marc Garcier
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valérie Vilgrain
- Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, APHP, Hôpital Beaujon, Department of Radiology, Clichy, France ; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM Centre de Recherche Biomédicale Bichat Beaujon, Paris, France
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Belghiti J, Cauchy F, Paradis V, Vilgrain V. Diagnosis and management of solid benign liver lesions. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 11:737-49. [PMID: 25178878 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2014.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
More and more asymptomatic benign liver tumours are discovered incidentally and can be divided into regenerative lesions and true neoplastic lesions. The most common regenerative lesions include hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia and inflammatory pseudotumours of the liver. Neoplastic lesions include hepatocellular adenomas and angiomyolipomas. Regenerative lesions rarely increase in volume, do not yield a higher risk of complications and usually do not require treatment. By contrast, hepatocellular adenomas and angiomyolipomas can increase in volume and are associated with a risk of complications. Large hepatocellular adenomas (>5 cm in diameter) are undoubtedly associated with a risk of bleeding and malignant transformation, particularly the inflammatory (also known as telangiectatic) and β-catenin mutated subtypes. Accurate diagnosis needs to be obtained to select patients eligible for surgical resection. MRI has markedly improved diagnosis and can identify the major hepatocellular adenomas subtypes. The use of biopsy results to inform the indication for resection remains questionable. However, when diagnosis remains uncertain after imaging, percutaneous biopsy could help improve diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Belghiti
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Beaujon Hospital, University Paris-Diderot, 100 Boulevard du General Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France
| | - François Cauchy
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Beaujon Hospital, University Paris-Diderot, 100 Boulevard du General Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Department of Pathology, Beaujon Hospital, University Paris-Diderot, 100 Boulevard du General Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France
| | - Valérie Vilgrain
- Department of Radiology, Beaujon Hospital, University Paris-Diderot, 100 Boulevard du General Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France
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Cerezo Ruiz A, Rosa Jiménez F, Lobón Hernández JA, Gómez Jiménez FJ. [Diagnostic capability of carcinoembryonic antigen elevation]. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2014; 37:551-7. [PMID: 24948443 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is little information on the oncologic diagnostic accuracy of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels more than 3-fold above normal. OBJETIVES To determine the prevalence of underlying cancer in patients with mild CEA elevation and the mean cost per patient of CEA determination. METHODS A retrospective study was carried out in all patients with CEA elevation (3-10 ng/ml) and suspicion of cancer referred to the gastroenterology or internal medicine outpatient units from 2001 to 2007. RESULTS We studied 100 patients (60 men and 40 women), with a mean age of 67.4 ± 14.2 years and baseline CEA of 5.8 ± 1.7 ng/ml. The most important symptoms and signs were laboratory abnormalities (19 patients [19%]). Cancer was diagnosed in 4 patients (one gastric, 2 lung and one colon). Among patients without malignancies, 49 patients (49%) had no related processes, and 47 (47%) had benign diseases. During follow-up, one laryngeal cancer, one acute myeloid leukemia, and one colon cancer were detected (54.3 ± 24.6 months). We found no differences between baseline CEA levels in patients with and without cancer (6.6 ± 2.4 vs. 5.8 ± 1.7 ng/ml, p = 0.2). The mean cost per patient was 503.6 ± 257.6 €. CONCLUSIONS Cancer was detected in a small proportion (7%) of patients with mild CEA elevation. The study of these patients is directly and indirectly associated with a not inconsiderable cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cerezo Ruiz
- Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Alta Resolución Alcaudete, Agencia Sanitaria Alto Guadalquivir, Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social, Junta de Andalucía.
| | - Francisco Rosa Jiménez
- Medicina Interna, Hospital Alta Resolución Alcaudete, Agencia Sanitaria Alto Guadalquivir, Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social, Junta de Andalucía
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Matsuo Y, Sato M, Shibata T, Morimoto M, Tsuboi K, Shamoto T, Hirokawa T, Sato T, Takahashi H, Takeyama H. Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver diagnosed as metastatic liver tumor in a patient with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the rectum: report of a case. World J Surg Oncol 2014; 12:140. [PMID: 24886578 PMCID: PMC4016664 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-12-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver is a rare benign lesion. A case of IPT of the liver found in association with a malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is reported. Case report A 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for a liver tumor. He previously underwent rectal amputation for a malignant GIST. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a low-density area in the liver and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (EOB-MRI) showed that the tumor was completely washed out in the delayed phase. 18Fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) showed strong uptake in the liver. A diagnosis of liver metastasis was made and partial hepatectomy was performed. Microscopic examination showed that the tumor was an IPT. Conclusion Differential diagnosis between IPT and malignant neoplasms is difficult. Moreover, FDG-PET revealed strong uptake in the tumor. To our knowledge, this is the first patient reported to have an IPT in association with a rectal GIST. This patient is discussed along with a review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Matsuo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kawasumi 1, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 4678601, Japan.
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Murakami T, Tsurusaki M. Hypervascular benign and malignant liver tumors that require differentiation from hepatocellular carcinoma: key points of imaging diagnosis. Liver Cancer 2014; 3:85-96. [PMID: 24944999 PMCID: PMC4057794 DOI: 10.1159/000343864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Most liver tumors are benign and hypervascular, and it is important to avoid unnecessary interventions for benign lesions. This review describes the typical and atypical imaging features of common hypervascular benign liver tumors and outlines a general approach to distinguishing between benign and malignant hepatic lesions. There are many types of benign liver tumors that need to be differentiated from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, it is very important to know the imaging characteristics of benign tumors. Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is helpful in diagnosing hypervascular pseudotumors, focal nodular hyperplasia, and nodular lesions associated with alcohol-induced hepatitis. There are also some hypervascular malignant tumors, such as cholangiocarcinoma, cholangiolocellular carcinoma, mixed type tumors, and metastatic liver tumors, which also required differentiation from HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamichi Murakami
- *Takamichi Murakami, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511 (Japan), Tel. +81 72 366 0221, E-Mail
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