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Xi Y, Zhang XL, Luo QX, Gan HN, Liu YS, Shao SH, Mao XH. Helicobacter pylori regulates stomach diseases by activating cell pathways and DNA methylation of host cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1187638. [PMID: 37215092 PMCID: PMC10192871 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1187638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most prevalent malignant tumors of the digestive tract is gastric cancer (GC). Age, high salt intake, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, and a diet deficient in fruits and vegetables are risk factors for the illness. A significant risk factor for gastric cancer is infection with H. pylori. Infecting gastric epithelial cells with virulence agents secreted by H. pylori can cause methylation of tumor genes or carcinogenic signaling pathways to be activated. Regulate downstream genes' aberrant expression, albeit the precise mechanism by which this happens is unclear. Oncogene, oncosuppressor, and other gene modifications, as well as a number of different gene change types, are all directly associated to the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer. In this review, we describe comprehensive H. pylori and its virulence factors, as well as the activation of the NF-κB, MAPK, JAK/STAT signaling pathways, and DNA methylation following infection with host cells via virulence factors, resulting in abnormal gene expression. As a result, host-related proteins are regulated, and gastric cancer progression is influenced. This review provides insight into the H. pylori infection, summarizes a series of relevant papers, discusses the complex signaling pathways underlying molecular mechanisms, and proposes new approach to immunotherapy of this important disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xi
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qing-Xin Luo
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hai-Ning Gan
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu-Shi Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shi-He Shao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xu-Hua Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
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Jun HR, Kang HJ, Ju SH, Kim JE, Jeon SY, Ku B, Lee JJ, Kim M, Kim MJ, Choi JJ, Noh JJ, Kim HS, Lee JW, Lee JK, Lee DW. High-throughput organo-on-pillar (high-TOP) array system for three-dimensional ex vivo drug testing. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122087. [PMID: 36924663 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of organoid culture technologies has triggered industrial interest in ex vivo drug test-guided clinical response prediction for precision cancer therapy. The three-dimensional culture encapsulated with basement membrane (BM) components is extremely important in establishing ex vivo organoids and drug sensitivity tests because the BM components confer essential structures resembling tumor histopathology. Although numerous studies have demonstrated three-dimensional culture-based drug screening methods, establishing a large-scale drug-screening platform with matrix-encapsulated tumor cells is challenging because the arrangement of microspots of a matrix-cell droplet onto each well of a microwell plate is inconsistent and difficult to standardize. In addition, relatively low scales and lack of reproducibility discourage the application of three-dimensional organoid-based drug screening data for precision treatment or drug discovery. To overcome these limitations, we manufactured an automated organospotter-integrated high-throughput organo-on-pillar (high-TOP) drug-screening platform. Our system is compatible with various extracellular matrices, including BM extract, Matrigel, collagen, and hydrogel. In addition, it can be readily utilized for high-content analyses by simply exchanging the bottom plates without disrupting the domes. Our system demonstrated considerable robustness, consistency, reproducibility, and biological relevancy in three-dimensional drug sensitivity analyses using Matrigel-encapsulated ovarian cancer cell lines. We also demonstrated proof-of-concept cases representing the clinical feasibility of high-TOP-assisted ex vivo drug tests linked to clinical chemo-response in ovarian cancer patients. In conclusion, our platform provides an automated and standardized method for ex vivo drug-sensitivity-guided clinical response prediction, suggesting effective chemotherapy regimens for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryeong Jun
- Central R & D Center, Medical & Bio Decision (MBD) Co., Ltd. Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Kang
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Hun Ju
- Central R & D Center, Medical & Bio Decision (MBD) Co., Ltd. Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jung Eun Kim
- Central R & D Center, Medical & Bio Decision (MBD) Co., Ltd. Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sang Youl Jeon
- Central R & D Center, Medical & Bio Decision (MBD) Co., Ltd. Suwon, South Korea
| | - Bosung Ku
- Central R & D Center, Medical & Bio Decision (MBD) Co., Ltd. Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jae Jun Lee
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minsung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Joo Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joseph J Noh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Won Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Ku Lee
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Dong Woo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea.
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Sokolova O, Naumann M. Manifold role of ubiquitin in Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4765-4783. [PMID: 33825941 PMCID: PMC8195768 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infection with H. pylori induces a strong host cellular response represented by induction of a set of molecular signaling pathways, expression of proinflammatory cytokines and changes in proliferation. Chronic infection and inflammation accompanied by secretory dysfunction can result in the development of gastric metaplasia and gastric cancer. Currently, it has been determined that the regulation of many cellular processes involves ubiquitinylation of molecular effectors. The binding of ubiquitin allows the substrate to undergo a change in function, to interact within multimolecular signaling complexes and/or to be degraded. Dysregulation of the ubiquitinylation machinery contributes to several pathologies, including cancer. It is not understood in detail how H. pylori impacts the ubiquitinylation of host substrate proteins. The aim of this review is to summarize the existing literature in this field, with an emphasis on the role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in host cell homeodynamics, gastric pathophysiology and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sokolova
- Medical Faculty, Otto Von Guericke University, Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Medical Faculty, Otto Von Guericke University, Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Fu P, Hu B, Ma X, Yang Z, Yu M, Sun H, Huang A, Zhang X, Wang J, Hu Z, Zhou C, Tang W, Ning R, Xu Y, Zhou J. New insight into BIRC3: A novel prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target for liver cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:6035-6045. [PMID: 30368883 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Yao Fu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Xiao‐Lu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
- Laboratory Medicine Department Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Zhang‐Fu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Min‐Cheng Yu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Hai‐Xiang Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Ao Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Zhi‐Qiang Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Chen‐Hao Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Wei‐Guo Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Ren Ning
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education Shanghai China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Fudan University Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the changes in the promoter methylation and gene expression of multiple Wnt antagonists between the chronic infection and eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS The levels of methylation and corresponding mRNA expression of seven Wnt antagonist genes (SFRP1, -2, -5, DKK1, -2, -3, WIF1) were compared among the patients with H. pylori-positive gastric cancers (GCs), and H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative controls, by quantitative MethyLight assay and real-time reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. The changes of the methylation and expression levels of the genes were also compared between the H. pylori eradication and H. pylori-persistent groups 1 year after endoscopic resection of GCs. RESULTS The methylation levels of SFRP and DKK family genes were significantly increased in the patients with H. pylori-positive GCs and followed by H. pylori-positive controls compared with H. pylori-negative controls (P < 0.001). SFRP1, -2, and DKK3 gene expression was stepwise downregulated from H. pylori-negative controls, H. pylori-positive controls, and to H. pylori-positive GCs (P < 0.05). Among the Wnt antagonists, only the degrees of methylation and downregulation of DKK3 were significantly reduced after H. pylori eradication (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Epigenetic silencing of SFRP and DKK family genes may facilitate the formation of an epigenetic field during H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis. The epigenetic field may not be reversed even after H. pylori eradication except by DKK3 methylation.
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Xia P, Xu XY. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition and gastric cancer stem cell. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698373. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains a big health problem in China. Gastric cancer cells contain a small subpopulation of cells that exhibit capabilities of differentiation and tumorigenicity. A putative explanation for ineffective therapy is the presence of cancer stem-like cells. Side population cells, which have cancer stem-like cells’ property, are characterized by the high efflux ability of Hoechst 33342 dye. Side population cells have been isolated from gastric cancer cell lines in previous studies. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition is very important in the invasion and metastasis of epithelial-derived cancers. More and more studies showed that gastric cancer stem-like cells possess high invasive ability and epithelial–mesenchymal transition property. A brief overview of the recent advancements in gastric cancer stem-like cells and epithelial–mesenchymal transition will be helpful for providing novel insight into gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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