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Tokolahi E, Hocking C, Kersten P, Vandal AC. Quality and Reporting of Cluster Randomized Controlled Trials Evaluating Occupational Therapy Interventions: A Systematic Review. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2015; 36:14-24. [PMID: 27504689 PMCID: PMC4766971 DOI: 10.1177/1539449215618625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing use of cluster randomized control trials (RCTs) in health care research requires careful attention to study designs, with implications for the development of an evidence base for practice. The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics, quality, and reporting of cluster RCTs evaluating occupational therapy interventions to inform future research design. An extensive search of cluster RCTs evaluating occupational therapy was conducted in several databases. Fourteen studies met our inclusion criteria; four were protocols. Eleven (79%) justified the use of a cluster RCT and accounted for clustering in the sample size and analysis. All full studies reported the number of clusters randomized, and five reported intercluster correlation coefficients (50%): Protocols had higher compliance. Risk of bias was most evident in unblinding of participants. Statistician involvement was associated with improved trial quality and reporting. Quality of cluster RCTs of occupational therapy interventions is comparable with those from other areas of health research and needs improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alain C Vandal
- Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand Health Intelligence & Informatics, Ko Awatea, Auckland, New Zealand
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Hitch D, Wright K, Pepin G. The Impact of Leisure Participation on Mental Health for Older People with Depression: A Systematic Review. PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/02703181.2015.1091873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hackett K, Newton J, Rapley T, Deane K, Deary V, Ng WF. Systematic Reviews of Occupational Therapy Interventions: Summarizing Research Evidence and Highlighting the Gaps. Br J Occup Ther 2014. [DOI: 10.4276/030802214x14098207541199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
As services are commissioned based on effectiveness, occupational therapists are under pressure to demonstrate the efficacy of their interventions. Occupational therapists also need to know that the interventions they are providing are effective. Robertson et al (2013) demonstrated that the occupational therapy literature is important for clinicians and is an essential part of their practice. However, as more research is published, it can be increasingly time-consuming and confusing for clinicians to keep abreast of the current literature. Occupational therapy-related research may be published in different forms, in a range of locations, and be of varying methodological quality. Furthermore, readily available published studies that investigate occupational therapy efficacy may not be sufficiently powered, or may lack external validity, when applied to different clinical settings. When well conducted, systematic reviews provide a useful way of synthesizing and evaluating the evidence on a particular topic and, to some extent, provide a solution to this problem. This paper focuses upon reviews of randomized controlled trials, as these provide the highest quality of evidence on the question of a particular intervention's effectiveness. The merits of reviews of qualitative studies are also considered, together with the possibility of combining more than one type of review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Hackett
- Arthritis Research UK AHP Training Fellow, Newcastle University, Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne; Specialist Occupational Therapist, CRESTA Fatigue Clinic, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne
| | - Julia Newton
- Dean of Clinical Medicine and Professor of Ageing and Medicine, Newcastle University, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle upon Tyne
| | - Tim Rapley
- Lecturer, Newcastle University, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle upon Tyne
| | - Katherine Deane
- Senior Lecturer, University of East Anglia, School of Health Sciences, Norwich
| | - Vincent Deary
- Senior Lecturer, Northumbria University, Department of Psychology, Newcastle upon Tyne
| | - Wan-Fai Ng
- Professor of Rheumatology, Newcastle University, Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne
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Gutman SA. State of the Journal, 2013. Am J Occup Ther 2013; 67:616-23. [DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2013.009548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy (AJOT) has developed into a solid research journal, increasingly disseminating evidence-based research able to inform practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A. Gutman
- Sharon A. Gutman, PhD, OTR, FAOTA, is Editor-in-Chief, American Journal of Occupational Therapy, and Associate Professor, Columbia University, Programs in Occupational Therapy, New York;
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DRIVER MF. Occupational therapy in the after-care of the child with poliomyelitis. Can J Occup Ther 1958; 25:13-7. [PMID: 13523461 DOI: 10.1177/000841745802500103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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