Occupational therapists and research: lessons learned from a qualitative research course

Evidence-based practice in occupational therapy curricula

The purpose of this study is to describe currently used educational strategies for teaching evidence-based practice (EBP) in entry-level master's degree occupational therapy programs in the United States. Fifty-eight entry-level occupational therapy program directors completed a survey. Results showed that occupational therapy programs consistently use a wide variety of EBP resources for teaching EBP including database searches, literature reviews, and the development of a research proposal. Less commonly used strategies include the use of case stories and journal clubs. The current study provides a baseline of existing strategies taught in entry level programs that may be built upon to gather more information about the content of EBP coursework, and determine ways to foster implementation of EBP in practice.

Using journal clubs to promote skills for evidence-based practice

Occupational therapy students in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, participated in a 9-week journal club experience within an evidence-based practice course. Working in groups of seven, students were provided with an overall framework to develop and conduct weekly journal club sessions. They determined the focus and direction for their journal club section, decided on the number, type, and focus of research articles that were discussed each week, created methods for evaluating individual and group performance, and determined the effect of the journal club experience on their knowledge and professional behavior. Students completed a weekly reflective journal and at the conclusion of the course, results were uniformly positive. Review of the reflexive journals indicated substantive changes in the students' professional development, commitment to evidence-based practice, and perceived responsibility to demonstrate leadership in this area.

Moving the classroom to the clinic: the experiences of occupational therapy students during a "living lab"

This paper describes an experiential learning lab which emerged from designing a "living lab" that was embedded into an intervention course. The lab resulted in a teaching-learning experience that provided students with consistent opportunity to engage in clinical application of theory with feedback from peers and professionals. Results of a qualitative program evaluation indicated that this experience had a positive effect on the professional growth and development of the students and increased their ability to apply clinical reasoning skills. It also provided the students with the opportunity to examine their emotions and their change of emotions over time as they were presented with clinical challenges. A surprise outcome identified by the students was their clarity and understanding about disability. Recommendations for future community experiences for occupational therapy students as well as suggestions for program evaluation of such experiences are provided.

Academic-clinician partnerships: a model for outcomes research

SUMMARY While practitioners are now asked to provide evidence that supports the services we deliver, there is little empirical evidence concerning occupational therapy interventions. Research by clinicians is limited, often due to a lack of time, institutional support and research skills. Establishing collaborative research relationships between faculty, clinicians, and graduate students has been suggested as a means of addressing these barriers. Implementation of a model teaming students with clinicians to conduct outcomes studies is described. The model will be illustrated using a case example of a collaborative research project evaluating the efficacy of a home management skills program for individuals with chronic mental illness. The benefits and challenges of the collaborative process will be described.