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Lee HR, Roh EY, Kim N, Song EY, Park H, Yoon JH, Shin S. Total nucleated cell counts are driving clinician's choice rather than cryopreservation period: Lesson for cord blood banks. Transfus Apher Sci 2020; 59:102849. [PMID: 32616364 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
According to the increase in both the number of cryopreserved cord blood (CB) units and the cryopreservation period for each CB unit in the largest public CB bank in Korea, we are pursuing greater efficiency in CB bank management. Thus, we analyzed whether the cryopreservation period has a negative impact on the selection of CB units for CB transplantation (CBT). Until December 2019, 468 CB units were used for transplantation. The cryopreservation period, total nucleated cell (TNC), and CD34+ cell counts were analyzed among the CB units according to the CBT-year and the donation year. The results showed that the cryopreservation period was increased in recent CBT-year groups. The transplanted CB units showed similar TNC counts irrespective of the donation year, and the mean TNC count was 13.9 × 108/unit. CB units cryopreserved for a relatively long period were transplanted consistently. The mean TNC count of CB units cryopreserved for over 10 years was 16.4 × 108/unit. The mean CD34+ cell counts were not significantly different among the CB units transplanted after CBT-2013 and among the CB units donated after CBT-2011. Through an analysis of the CB units selected by clinicians for CBT, this study revealed that clinicians placed more weight on the TNC counts than on the cryopreservation period of cryopreserved CB units. Therefore, the minimum TNC count of CB units suitable for cryopreservation should be increased up to 13.0 × 108/unit to balance the satisfaction of clinicians' needs with the efficiency of the CB bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryun Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea.
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Hornberger K, Yu G, McKenna D, Hubel A. Cryopreservation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Emerging Assays, Cryoprotectant Agents, and Technology to Improve Outcomes. Transfus Med Hemother 2019; 46:188-196. [PMID: 31244587 DOI: 10.1159/000496068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) therapy is widely used to treat a growing number of hematological and non-hematological diseases. Cryopreservation of HSCs allows for cells to be transported from the site of processing to the site of clinical use, creates a larger window of time in which cells can be administered to patients, and allows sufficient time for quality control and regulatory testing. Currently, HSCs and other cell therapies conform to the same cryopreservation techniques as cells used for research purposes: cells are cryopreserved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at a slow cooling rate. As a result, HSC therapy can result in numerous adverse symptoms in patients due to the infusion of DMSO. Efforts are being made to improve the cryopreservation of HSCs for clinical use. This review discusses advances in the cryopreservation of HSCs from 2007 to the present. The preclinical development of new cryoprotectants and new technology to eliminate cryoprotectants after thawing are discussed in detail. Additional cryopreservation considerations are included, such as cooling rate, storage temperature, and cell concentration. Preclinical cell assessment and quality control are discussed, as well as clinical studies from the past decade that focus on new cryopreservation protocols to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathlyn Hornberger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Guanglin Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - David McKenna
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Allison Hubel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Gençer EB, Yurdakul P, Dalva K, Beksaç M. Flow Cytometric Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Assay Enables a Fast and Accurate Human Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Assessment. Turk J Haematol 2017; 34:314-320. [PMID: 27956370 PMCID: PMC5774350 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2016.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Colony-forming units of granulocytes/macrophages (CFU-GM) analysis is the most widely used method to determine the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) content of human umbilical cord blood (CB) for prediction of engraftment potential. The measurement of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity is a more recent method for HSC qualification. Our aim was to correlate phenotypic and functional assays to find the most predictive method. Materials and Methods: In this study, flow cytometric quantitation of CD34+ cells and ALDH positivity along with CFU-GM capacity were assessed in fresh and post-thaw CB units. Results: Among 30 post-processing samples, for each CB unit the mean total number of nucleated cells (TNCs) was (93.8±30.1)x107, CD34+ cells were (3.85±2.55)x106, ALDH+ cells were (3.14±2.55)x106, and CFU-GM count was (2.64±1.96)x105. Among an additional 19 post-thaw samples the cell counts were as follows: TNCs, (32.79±17.27)x107; CD34+, (2.18±3.17)x106; ALDH+, (2.01±2.81)x106; CFU-GM, (0.74±0.92)x105. Our findings showed that in fresh samples TNCs, CD34+ cells, and ALDH correlated highly with counts of CFU-GM, CFU-erythroids/granulocytes-macrophages/megakaryocytic cells (GEMM), and burst forming units of erythroids (BFU-E) as follows: TNCs, r=0.47, r=0.35, r=0.41; CD34+, r=0.44, r=0.54, r=0.41; and ALDH, r=0.63, r=0.45, r=0.6, respectively. In terms of post-thaw samples, the correlations were as follows: TNCs, r=0.59, r=0.46, r=0.56; CD34+, r=0.67, r=0.48, r=0.61; and ALDH, r=0.61, r=0.67, r=0.67, for CFU-GM, CFU-GEMM, and BFU-E, respectively. All correlations were statistically significant. Conclusion: In our experience, HSC assessment by ALDH activity yields the highest correlation with conventional analytical methods, particularly for post-thaw samples. Thus, this fast, inexpensive method has the potential to overcome the weaknesses of other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Begüm Gençer
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Cord Blood Bank, Ankara, Turkey,Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pınar Yurdakul
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Cord Blood Bank, Ankara, Turkey,TOBB Economics Technology and University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Klara Dalva
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Beksaç
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
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Seo SH, Shin S, Roh EY, Song EY, Oh S, Kim BJ, Yoon JH. Long-Term Quality Control Program Plan for Cord Blood Banks in Korea: A Pilot Study for Cryopreservation Stability. Ann Lab Med 2017; 37:124-128. [PMID: 28028998 PMCID: PMC5203989 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2017.37.2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maintaining the quality of cryopreserved cord blood is crucial. In this pilot study, we describe the results of the internal quality control program for a cord blood bank thus far. Methods Donated cord blood units unsuitable for transplantation were selected for internal quality control once a month. One unit of cord blood, aliquoted into 21 capillaries, was cryopreserved and thawed annually to analyze the total nucleated cell count, CD34+ cell count, cell viability test, and colony-forming units assay. Results No significant differences in the variables (total nucleated cell count, cell viability, CD34+ cell count) were observed between samples cryopreserved for one and two years. Upon comparing the variables before cryopreservation and post thawing with the capillaries of one year of storage, cell viability and CD34+ cell counts decreased significantly. The use of cord blood samples in capillaries, which can be easily stored for a long period, was similar to the methods used for testing segments attached to the cord blood unit. Conclusions The results of this study may be useful for determining the period during which the quality of cryopreserved cord blood units used for transplantation is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Seo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohee Oh
- Department of Biostatics, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Jae Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, Korea.
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Kim KM, Huh JY, Hong SS, Kang MS. Assessment of cell viability, early apoptosis, and hematopoietic potential in umbilical cord blood units after storage. Transfusion 2015; 55:2017-22. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Mi Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University
| | - Ji Young Huh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University
| | - Sang Sook Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University
| | - Myung Seo Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University
- CHA Medical Center Cord Blood Bank; Gyeonggi-do Korea
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Zhang Y, Zhu H, Jin H, Wang Y, Shao X, Kong J, Huang W, Hong Y, Li C, Gao F, Chen L, Wang F, Lu Y. [Impact of cryopreservation duration of 605 units umbilical cord blood on quality of hematopoietic stem cell and outcome of clinical transplantation]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2015; 36:1-3. [PMID: 25641136 PMCID: PMC7343030 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of cryopreservation duration of umbilical cord blood (UCB) on quality of hematopoietic stem cell and outcome of clinical transplantation. METHODS 605 units of UCB which had been used in clinical transplantation were previously cryopreserved for 820 (88-2651) days in average. UCB was detected for total nucleated cell count, CD34+ cells count, cell recovery rate, cell viability and CFU-GM after thawing. RESULTS No statistical correlation was found between cryopreservation duration and cell recovery rate, cell viability. CFU-GM decreased along with the extension of cryopreservation duration (P=0.011), ranging between 109.6 and 105.7/1 × 10⁵. There was no significant difference on hematopoietic reconstitution time, graft failure, acute GVHD and overall survival among groups with different cryopreservation duration. CONCLUSION Cryopreservation duration has no significant effect on cell recovery rate, cell viability and clinical transplantation outcome. Extension of cryopreservation duration may reduce CFU-GM of stem cells with fluctaion still in normal range. UCB could maintain cell viability and function to achieve satisfactory clinical transplantation outcome even when thawed after 3 to 7 years' cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Huanying Jin
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Yinting Wang
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Xiayan Shao
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Jingsi Kong
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Wenhao Huang
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Yan Hong
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Chunli Li
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Shanghai Cord Blood Bank. Shanghai, Shanghai Stem Cell Technology Co., LTD. 200051, China
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Pereira-Cunha FG, Duarte ASS, Reis-Alves SC, Olalla Saad ST, Metze K, Lorand-Metze I, Luzo ÂCM. Umbilical cord blood CD34(+) stem cells and other mononuclear cell subtypes processed up to 96 h from collection and stored at room temperature maintain a satisfactory functionality for cell therapy. Vox Sang 2014; 108:72-81. [PMID: 25333825 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a good stem cell source for cell therapy. We recently demonstrated that cord blood mononuclear cell (MNCs) subtypes were viable and functional until 96 h after collection, even stored at room temperature. Now, we analyzed the viability and functionality of the cells before and after cryopreservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty UCB units were analyzed at 24 and 96 h after collection, frozen for 6 months, thawed and re-evaluated. MNCs were analyzed by flow cytometry, viability by 7-AAD and clonogenic assays (CFU) were performed. RESULTS After 96 h of storage, no substantial loss of MNC was found (median 7.320 × 10(6 ) × 6.05 × 10(6) ). Percentage and viability CD34(+) cells, B-cell precursors and mesenchymal stem cells were not affected. However, mature B and T lymphocytes as well as granulocytes had a substantial loss. CFU growth was observed in all samples. Prefreezing storage of 96 h was associated with a relative loss of colony formation (median 12%). Postthaw, this loss had a median of 49% (24 h samples) to 56% (96 h samples). CONCLUSION The delay of 96 h before UCB processing is possible, without a prohibitive impairment of CD34(+) loss in number and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- F G Pereira-Cunha
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Haematology Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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