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Bardin T, Ducrot YM, Nguyen Q, Letavernier E, Zaworski J, Ea HK, Touzain F, Do MD, Colot J, Barguil Y, Biron A, Resche-Rigon M, Richette P, Collet C. Early-onset gout and rare deficient variants of the lactate dehydrogenase D gene. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:3978-3983. [PMID: 37021930 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the lactate dehydrogenase D (LDHD) gene deficiency causes juvenile-onset gout. METHODS We used whole-exome sequencing for two families and a targeted gene-sequencing panel for an isolated patient. d-lactate dosages were analysed using ELISA. RESULTS We demonstrated linkage of juvenile-onset gout to homozygous carriage of three rare distinct LDHD variants in three different ethnicities. In a Melanesian family, the variant was (NM_153486.3: c.206C>T; rs1035398551) and, as compared with non-homozygotes, homozygotes had higher hyperuricaemia (P = 0.02), lower fractional clearance of urate (P = 0.002), and higher levels of d-lactate in blood (P = 0.04) and urine (P = 0.06). In a second, Vietnamese, family, very severe juvenile-onset gout was linked to homozygote carriage of an undescribed LDHD variant (NM_153486.3: c.1363dupG) leading to a frameshift followed by a stop codon, p.(AlaGly432fsTer58). Finally, a Moroccan man, with early-onset and high d-lactaturia, whose family was unavailable for testing, was homozygous for another rare LDHD variant [NM_153486.3: c.752C>T, p.(Thr251Met)]. CONCLUSION Rare, damaging LDHD variants can cause autosomal recessive early-onset gout, the diagnosis of which can be suspected by measuring high d-lactate levels in the blood and/or urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bardin
- INSERM UMRS1132, Université de Paris-Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
- French-Vietnamese Research Centre on Gout and Chronic Diseases, Viên Gùt, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yves-Marie Ducrot
- Centre Médico-Social de Wé, DACAS, Province des îles Loyauté, Lifou, New Caledonia
| | - Quang Nguyen
- French-Vietnamese Research Centre on Gout and Chronic Diseases, Viên Gùt, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Jeremy Zaworski
- Sorbonne University INSERM UMRS1155, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Hang-Korng Ea
- INSERM UMRS1132, Université de Paris-Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Fréderic Touzain
- Service de Transfusion Sanguine/Centre de Don du Sang, Centre Hospitalier Territorial, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Minh Duc Do
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Julien Colot
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Territorial, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Yann Barguil
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Territorial, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Antoine Biron
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Territorial, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Matthieu Resche-Rigon
- Department of Biostatistics, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP Nord and UMR U1153 ECSTRA team INSERM, Université de Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Richette
- INSERM UMRS1132, Université de Paris-Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Collet
- INSERM UMRS1132, Université de Paris-Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
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Zavistanaviciute P, Ruzauskas M, Antanaitis R, Televicius M, Lele V, Santini A, Bartkiene E. Antimicrobial and Mycotoxin Reducing Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Influence on Blood and Feces Parameters of Newborn Calves. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3345. [PMID: 37958101 PMCID: PMC10648343 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of in acid whey (AW) multiplied Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LUHS135 (L.pl135), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LUHS244 (L.pc244), and their biomass combination on newborn calves' feces and blood parameters. Additionally, the antimicrobial and mycotoxin-reducing properties and the resistance to antibiotics of the tested lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were analyzed. In order to ensure effective biomass growth in AW, technological parameters for the supplement preparation were selected. Control calves were fed with a standard milk replacer (SMR) and treated groups (from the 2nd day of life until the 14th day) were supplemented with 50 mL of AWL.pl135, AWL.pc244, and AWL.pl135×L.pc244 (25 mL AWL.pl135 + 25 mL AWL.pc244) in addition to SMR. It was established that L.pl135 and L.pc244 possess broad antimicrobial activities, are non-resistant to the tested antibiotics, and reduce mycotoxin concentrations in vitro. The optimal duration established for biomass growth was 48 h (LAB count higher than 7.00 log10 CFU mL-1 was found after 48 h of AW fermentation). It was established that additional feeding of newborn calves with AWL.pl135, AWL.pc244, and AWL.pl135×L.pc244 increased lactobacilli (on average by 7.4%), and AWL.pl135 and AWL.pc244 reduced the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae in calves' feces. The tested supplements also reduced the lactate concentration (on average, by 42.5%) in calves' blood. Finally, the tested supplements had a positive influence on certain health parameters of newborn calves; however, further research is needed to validate the mechanisms of the beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Zavistanaviciute
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (P.Z.); (V.L.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Faculty of Veterinary, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ramunas Antanaitis
- Large Animal Clinic, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Mindaugas Televicius
- Large Animal Clinic, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Vita Lele
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (P.Z.); (V.L.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (P.Z.); (V.L.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
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3
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Au SX, Mohd Padzil A, Muhd Noor ND, Matsumura H, Raja Abdul Rahman RNZ, Normi YM. Probing the substrate binding modes and catalytic mechanisms of BLEG-1, a promiscuous B3 metallo-β-lactamase with glyoxalase II properties. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291012. [PMID: 37672512 PMCID: PMC10482274 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BLEG-1 from Bacillus lehensis G1 is an evolutionary divergent B3 metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) that exhibited both β-lactamase and glyoxalase II (GLXII) activities. Sequence, phylogeny, biochemical and structural relatedness of BLEG-1 to B3 MBL and GLXII suggested BLEG-1 might be an intermediate in the evolutionary path of B3 MBL from GLXII. The unique active site cavity of BLEG-1 that recognizes both β-lactam antibiotics and S-D-lactoylglutathione (SLG) had been postulated as the key factor for its dual activity. In this study, dynamic ensembles of BLEG-1 and its substrate complexes divulged conformational plasticity and binding modes of structurally distinct substrates to the enzyme, providing better insights into its structure-to-function relationship and enzymatic promiscuity. Our results highlight the flexible nature of the active site pocket of BLEG-1, which is governed by concerted loop motions involving loop7+α3+loop8 and loop12 around the catalytic core, thereby moulding the binding pocket and facilitate interactions of BLEG-1 with both ampicillin and SLG. The distribution of (i) predominantly hydrophobic amino acids in the N-terminal domain, and (ii) flexible amino acids with polar and/or charged side chains in both N- and C-termini provide additional advantages to BLEG-1 in confining the aromatic group of ampicillin, and polar groups of SLG, respectively. The importance of these residues for substrates binding was further confirmed by the reduction in MBL and GLXII activities upon alanine substitutions of Ile-10, Phe-57, Arg-94, Leu-95, and Arg-159. Based on molecular dynamics simulation, mutational, and biochemical data presented herein, the catalytic mechanisms of BLEG-1 toward the hydrolysis of β-lactams and SLG were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaw Xian Au
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology (EMTech) Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azyyati Mohd Padzil
- Malaysia Genome and Vaccine Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Jalan Bangi, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Dina Muhd Noor
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology (EMTech) Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hiroyoshi Matsumura
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abdul Rahman
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology (EMTech) Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yahaya M. Normi
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology (EMTech) Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Remund B, Yilmaz B, Sokollik C. D-Lactate: Implications for Gastrointestinal Diseases. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:945. [PMID: 37371177 DOI: 10.3390/children10060945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
D-lactate is produced in very low amounts in human tissues. However, certain bacteria in the human intestine produce D-lactate. In some gastrointestinal diseases, increased bacterial D-lactate production and uptake from the gut into the bloodstream take place. In its extreme, excessive accumulation of D-lactate in humans can lead to potentially life-threatening D-lactic acidosis. This metabolic phenomenon is well described in pediatric patients with short bowel syndrome. Less is known about a subclinical rise in D-lactate. We discuss in this review the pathophysiology of D-lactate in the human body. We cover D-lactic acidosis in patients with short bowel syndrome as well as subclinical elevations of D-lactate in other diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, we argue for the potential of D-lactate as a marker of intestinal barrier integrity in the context of dysbiosis. Subsequently, we conclude that there is a research need to establish D-lactate as a minimally invasive biomarker in gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barblin Remund
- Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bahtiyar Yilmaz
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Sokollik
- Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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5
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Mazzantini D, Calvigioni M, Celandroni F, Lupetti A, Ghelardi E. In vitro assessment of probiotic attributes for strains contained in commercial formulations. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21640. [PMID: 36517529 PMCID: PMC9751119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25688-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although probiotics are often indiscriminately prescribed, they are not equal and their effects on the host may profoundly differ. In vitro determination of the attributes of probiotics should be a primary concern and be performed even before clinical studies are designed. In fact, knowledge on the biological properties a microbe possesses is crucial for selecting the most suitable bacteriotherapy for each individual. Herein, nine strains (Bacillus clausii NR, OC, SIN, T, Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050, Bifidobacterium breve DSM 16604, Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103, and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745) declared to be contained in six commercial formulations were tested for their ability to tolerate simulated intestinal conditions, adhere to mucins, and produce β-galactosidase, antioxidant enzymes, riboflavin, and D-lactate. With the exception of B. breve, all microbes survived in simulated intestinal fluid. L. rhamnosus was unable to adhere to mucins and differences in mucin adhesion were evidenced for L. reuteri and S. boulardii depending on oxygen levels. All microorganisms produced antioxidant enzymes, but only B. clausii, B. coagulans, B. breve, and L. reuteri synthesize β-galactosidase. Riboflavin secretion was observed for Bacillus species and L. rhamnosus, while D-lactate production was restricted to L. reuteri and L. rhamnosus. Our findings indicate that the analyzed strains possess different in vitro biological properties, thus highlighting the usefulness of in vitro tests as prelude for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Mazzantini
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Calvigioni
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Celandroni
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Lupetti
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emilia Ghelardi
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy ,grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Research Center Nutraceuticals and Food for Health-Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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6
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Khrais A, Ali H, Choi S, Ahmed A, Ahlawat S. D-Lactic Acidosis in Short Bowel Syndrome. Cureus 2022; 14:e25471. [PMID: 35783896 PMCID: PMC9240996 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
D-lactic acidosis (D-LA) is closely associated with short bowel syndrome (SBS). Decreased intestinal absorption results in the delivery of carbohydrates to the colon, where the fermentation by colonic flora leads to D-LA. Systemic absorption of D-lactic acid results in anion-gap metabolic acidosis (AGMA), LA, and neurologic symptoms. In this report, we describe the case of a 43-year-old man with Crohn’s disease (CD) and bowel resection who presented with abdominal pain and slurred speech. He was found to have AGMA and persistent LA despite receiving intravenous fluids, which improved after carbohydrate restriction. A high index of suspicion for D-LA should be maintained when encountering patients who have undergone bowel resection and with unexplained AGMA.
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7
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Lyu W, Meng Q, Xiao J, Li J, Wang J, Qiu Z, Song X, Zhu H, Shao C, Chu Y, Zhou Q, Li T, Jean-Pierre R, Yu J, Han Y, Kang Y. Gut lactate-producing bacteria promote CD4 T cell recovery on Anti-retroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:2928-2937. [PMID: 34141131 PMCID: PMC8191414 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) effectively suppresses
viral replication in HIV-infected patients, however CD4 + cell restoration to
normal value is not achieved by 15–20% of patients who are called immune
non-responders. Gut microbiota composition has been shown to influence host
immunity. Herein, to identify intestinal microbial agents that may influence the
CD4 recovery in HIV-infected patients, we utilized a “Quasi-paired cohort”
method to analyze intestinal metagenome data from immunological responders (IRs)
and immunological non-responders (INRs). This method identified significant
enrichment for Streptococcus sp. and related
lactate-producing bacteria (LAB) in IRs. In a validation cohort, positive
correlations between the abundance of these LAB and the post-ART CD4 + recovery
was observed, and a prediction model based on these LAB performed well in
predicting immune recovery. Finally, experiments using a germ-free mouse model
of antibody-induced CD4 + cell depletion showed that supplementation with a
lactate-producing commensal Streptococcus thermophilus
strongly promoted CD4 recovery. In conclusion, our study identified a group of
LAB that was associated with enhanced immune recovery in post-ART HIV-infected
patients and promotes CD4 + cell restoration in a mouse model. These findings
favour supplementation of LAB commensal as a therapeutic strategy for CD4 + cell
count improvement in HIV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lyu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, & Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qingren Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, & China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China.,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingfa Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, & China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jian Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, & China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhifeng Qiu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, & Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaojing Song
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, & Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100021, China
| | - Changjun Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, & China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yanan Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, & China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Taisheng Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, & Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Routy Jean-Pierre
- Chronic Viral Illnesses Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jun Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, & China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Han
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, & Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, & China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
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8
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Park Y, Ryu B, Ki SJ, McCracken B, Pennington A, Ward KR, Liang X, Kurabayashi K. Few-Layer MoS 2 Photodetector Arrays for Ultrasensitive On-Chip Enzymatic Colorimetric Analysis. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7722-7734. [PMID: 33825460 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic colorimetric analysis of metabolites provides signatures of energy conversion and biosynthesis associated with disease onsets and progressions. Miniaturized photodetectors based on emerging two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) promise to advance point-of-care diagnosis employing highly sensitive enzymatic colorimetric detection. Reducing diagnosis costs requires a batched multisample assay. The construction of few-layer TMDC photodetector arrays with consistent performance is imperative to realize optical signal detection for a miniature batched multisample enzymatic colorimetric assay. However, few studies have promoted an optical reader with TMDC photodetector arrays for on-chip operation. Here, we constructed 4 × 4 pixel arrays of miniaturized molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) photodetectors and integrated them with microfluidic enzyme reaction chambers to create an optoelectronic biosensor chip device. The fabricated device allowed us to achieve arrayed on-chip enzymatic colorimetric detection of d-lactate, a blood biomarker signifying the bacterial translocation from the intestine, with a limit of detection that is 1000-fold smaller than the clinical baseline, a 10 min assay time, high selectivity, and reasonably small variability across the entire arrays. The enzyme (Ez)/MoS2 optoelectronic biosensor unit consistently detected d-lactate in clinically important biofluids, such as saliva, urine, plasma, and serum of swine and humans with a wide detection range (10-3-103 μg/mL). Furthermore, the biosensor enabled us to show that high serum d-lactate levels are associated with the symptoms of systemic infection and inflammation. The lensless, optical waveguide-free device architecture should readily facilitate development of a monolithically integrated hand-held module for timely, cost-effective diagnosis of metabolic disorders in near-patient settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younggeun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Byunghoon Ryu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Seung Jun Ki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brendan McCracken
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Amanda Pennington
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin R Ward
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xiaogan Liang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Katsuo Kurabayashi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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9
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Jain A, Jhinger K, Bellas J. Recurrent Encephalopathy and Severe Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis in a Patient with Short Bowel: It Is D-Lactic Acidosis. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2021; 15:92-96. [PMID: 33613169 PMCID: PMC7879315 DOI: 10.1159/000509952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
D-lactic acidosis is a rare and potentially underrecognized condition in patients with short bowel syndrome. We present the case of a 61-year-old female with a history of an ileojejunal bypass at age 18 who presented to hospital with acute-onset encephalopathy, ataxia, and severe anion gap metabolic acidosis (AGMA). On initial investigations there were no identifiable etiologies for the AGMA. Further history revealed that she had been experiencing these symptoms on a recurrent basis for the past 40 years. An oral carbohydrate load was given to the patient in hospital which reproduced her symptoms and the AGMA. A serum D-lactate level returned elevated several weeks later. A 2-month follow-up revealed that all her symptoms had ceased with limitation of carbohydrates to 150 g per day. Patients with short bowel syndrome are susceptible to developing D-lactic acidosis due to the large carbohydrate loads that are delivered to the colon, where they are then metabolized. Due to its rarity, it is likely that there is a delay in recognition of this condition. This case report describes a common clinical presentation of this rare condition and describes the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of D-lactic acidosis in small bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avni Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kiran Jhinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jonathon Bellas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Feasibility of Application of the Newly Developed Nano-Biomaterial, β-TCP/PDLLA, in Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery: A Pilot Rat Study. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020303. [PMID: 33503931 PMCID: PMC7912080 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to examine the applicability of the newly developed nano-biocomposite, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/u-HA/poly-d/l-lactide (PDLLA), to bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial area. This novel nano-biocomposite showed several advantages, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and osteoconductivity. In addition, its optimal plasticity also allowed its utilization in irregular critical bone defect reconstructive surgery. Here, three different nano-biomaterials, i.e., β-TCP/PDLLA, β-TCP, and PDLLA, were implanted into critical bone defects in the right lateral mandible of 10-week-old Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats as bone graft substitutes. Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and immunohistochemical staining for the osteogenesis biomarkers, Runx2, osteocalcin, and the leptin receptor, were performed to investigate and compare bone regeneration between the groups. Although the micro-CT results showed the highest bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume to total volume (BV/TV) with β-TCP, immunohistochemical analysis indicated better osteogenesis-promoting ability of β-TCP/PDLLA, especially at an early stage of the bone healing process. These results confirmed that the novel nano-biocomposite, β-TCP/PDLLA, which has excellent biocompatibility, bioresorbability and bioactive/osteoconductivity, has the potential to become a next-generation biomaterial for use as a bone graft substitute in maxillofacial reconstructive surgery.
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Cizeikiene D, Jagelaviciute J, Stankevicius M, Maruska A. Thermophilic lactic acid bacteria affect the characteristics of sourdough and whole-grain wheat bread. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Seifter JL. Body Fluid Compartments, Cell Membrane Ion Transport, Electrolyte Concentrations, and Acid-Base Balance. Semin Nephrol 2020; 39:368-379. [PMID: 31300092 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Measurements made in the blood, part of the extracellular compartment, are used in the clinical assessment of acid-base disorders; however, intracellular events determine much of the metabolic importance of these disorders. Intracellular and interstitial compartment acid-base balance is complex and varies in different tissues. This review considers the determination of extracellular pH in the context of ion transport processes at the interface of cells and the interstitial fluid, and between epithelial cells lining the transcellular contents of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts that open to the external environment. A further consideration is the role of these membrane transporters in the generation of acid-base disorders and the associated disruption of electrolyte balance. This review suggests a process of internal and external balance for pH regulation similar to that of potassium, and considers the role of secretory gastrointestinal epithelia and renal epithelia with respect to normal pH homeostasis and clinical disorders. Electroneutrality of electrolytes in the extracellular fluid is a fundamental feature of reciprocal changes in Cl- or non-Cl- anions and HCO3-. Normal mechanisms for protecting cell pH and producing normal gastrointestinal and renal secretions in healthy states also may result in disease when abnormal. In a similar manner, organic anions such as ketoacid anions and lactate, normally transported as fuels between organs, result in acid-base disturbances in disease. Understanding the genomic basis of these transporters may contribute to specific treatments.
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Oikonomou G, Addis MF, Chassard C, Nader-Macias MEF, Grant I, Delbès C, Bogni CI, Le Loir Y, Even S. Milk Microbiota: What Are We Exactly Talking About? Front Microbiol 2020; 11:60. [PMID: 32117107 PMCID: PMC7034295 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of powerful sequencing techniques has allowed, albeit with some biases, the identification and inventory of complex microbial communities that inhabit different body sites or body fluids, some of which were previously considered sterile. Notably, milk is now considered to host a complex microbial community with great diversity. Milk microbiota is now well documented in various hosts. Based on the growing literature on this microbial community, we address here the question of what milk microbiota is. We summarize and compare the microbial composition of milk in humans and in ruminants and address the existence of a putative core milk microbiota. We discuss the factors that contribute to shape the milk microbiota or affect its composition, including host and environmental factors as well as methodological factors, such as the sampling and sequencing techniques, which likely introduce distortion in milk microbiota analysis. The roles that milk microbiota are likely to play in the mother and offspring physiology and health are presented together with recent data on the hypothesis of an enteromammary pathway. At last, this fascinating field raises a series of questions, which are listed and commented here and which open new research avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Oikonomou
- Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Filippa Addis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - I Grant
- Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, United Kingdom
| | - Celine Delbès
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMRF, Aurillac, France
| | - Cristina Inés Bogni
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Yves Le Loir
- STLO, UMR 1253, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France
| | - Sergine Even
- STLO, UMR 1253, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France
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Seifter JL, Chang HY. Extracellular Acid-Base Balance and Ion Transport Between Body Fluid Compartments. Physiology (Bethesda) 2018; 32:367-379. [PMID: 28814497 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00007.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical assessment of acid-base disorders depends on measurements made in the blood, part of the extracellular compartment. Yet much of the metabolic importance of these disorders concerns intracellular events. Intracellular and interstitial compartment acid-base balance is complex and heterogeneous. This review considers the determinants of the extracellular fluid pH related to the ion transport processes at the interface of cells and the interstitial fluid, and between epithelial cells lining the transcellular contents of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts that open to the external environment. The generation of acid-base disorders and the associated disruption of electrolyte balance are considered in the context of these membrane transporters. This review suggests a process of internal and external balance for pH regulation, similar to that of potassium. The role of secretory gastrointestinal epithelia and renal epithelia with respect to normal pH homeostasis and clinical disorders are considered. Electroneutrality of electrolytes in the ECF is discussed in the context of reciprocal changes in Cl- or non Cl- anions and [Formula: see text].
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16
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Effect of natural marinade based on lactic acid bacteria on pork meat quality parameters and biogenic amine contents. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Extensive Intestinal Resection Triggers Behavioral Adaptation, Intestinal Remodeling and Microbiota Transition in Short Bowel Syndrome. Microorganisms 2016; 4:microorganisms4010016. [PMID: 27681910 PMCID: PMC5029521 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms4010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive resection of small bowel often leads to short bowel syndrome (SBS). SBS patients develop clinical mal-absorption and dehydration relative to the reduction of absorptive area, acceleration of gastrointestinal transit time and modifications of the gastrointestinal intra-luminal environment. As a consequence of severe mal-absorption, patients require parenteral nutrition (PN). In adults, the overall adaptation following intestinal resection includes spontaneous and complex compensatory processes such as hyperphagia, mucosal remodeling of the remaining part of the intestine and major modifications of the microbiota. SBS patients, with colon in continuity, harbor a specific fecal microbiota that we called “lactobiota” because it is enriched in the Lactobacillus/Leuconostoc group and depleted in anaerobic micro-organisms (especially Clostridium and Bacteroides). In some patients, the lactobiota-driven fermentative activities lead to an accumulation of fecal d/l-lactates and an increased risk of d-encephalopathy. Better knowledge of clinical parameters and lactobiota characteristics has made it possible to stratify patients and define group at risk for d-encephalopathy crises.
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d -Lactic acidosis in a ten months old infant with short bowel syndrome: Early suspicion equals early treatment. ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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19
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Acidosis D-láctica en un niño de 10 meses afecto de un síndrome de intestino corto: la rápida sospecha equivale a un rápido tratamiento. An Pediatr (Barc) 2016; 84:56-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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D-lactic acidosis: an underrecognized complication of short bowel syndrome. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:476215. [PMID: 25977687 PMCID: PMC4421027 DOI: 10.1155/2015/476215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
D-lactic acidosis or D-lactate encephalopathy is a rare condition that occurs primarily in individuals who have a history of short bowel syndrome. The unabsorbed carbohydrates act as a substrate for colonic bacteria to form D-lactic acid among other organic acids. The acidic pH generated as a result of D-lactate production further propagates production of D-lactic acid, hence giving rise to a vicious cycle. D-lactic acid accumulation in the blood can cause neurologic symptoms such as delirium, ataxia, and slurred speech. Diagnosis is made by a combination of clinical and laboratory data including special assays for D-lactate. Treatment includes correcting the acidosis and decreasing substrate for D-lactate such as carbohydrates in meals. In addition, antibiotics can be used to clear colonic flora. Although newer techniques for diagnosis and treatment are being developed, clinical diagnosis still holds paramount importance, as there can be many confounders in the diagnosis as will be discussed subsequently.
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Lopez EMJ, Ghetmiri E, Gettle LM, Reed MF, McAllister BP. Encephalopathy and high anion gap metabolic acidosis: an unusual herald of buried bumper syndrome. Lancet 2015; 385:744. [PMID: 25706220 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Mark J Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Ehsan Ghetmiri
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Lori M Gettle
- Department of Radiology, Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Michael F Reed
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Brian P McAllister
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Rosero O, Harsányi L, Szijártó A. [Acute mesenteric ischemia: do biomarkers contribute to diagnosis?]. Orv Hetil 2014; 155:1615-23. [PMID: 25282106 DOI: 10.1556/oh.2014.30013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute mesenteric ischemia is an emergency condition that requires immediate therapy. Despite advances in the fields of surgery and intensive therapy, the mortality of this condition remains high. This is due to the broad variability of clinical presentations and non-specific laboratory findings, which delay the diagnosis allowing the ischemia to progress and further worsening the patients' chances of survival. Thus, there is a significant need for reliable and enhanced serological markers of intestinal ischemia. The authors review the traditionally used and novel experimental serological markers for early diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivér Rosero
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar I. Sebészeti Klinika Budapest Üllői út 78. 1082
| | - László Harsányi
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar I. Sebészeti Klinika Budapest Üllői út 78. 1082
| | - Attila Szijártó
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar I. Sebészeti Klinika Budapest Üllői út 78. 1082
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