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Govindarajan J, Hemasathya BA, Reddy BN, Nathan S, Sankar S, Subramani SK. Comparative Assessment of Novel Collagen Cross-linking Agents on Push-out Bond Strength of Two Different Sealers: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:1122-1127. [PMID: 37073935 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the push-out bond strength and tubular penetration of resin-based and bioceramic sealers after employing two collagen cross-linking agents, namely, cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on sodium hypochlorite treated root canal dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty human permanent mandibular premolars selected were decoronated at CEJ, this was followed by cleaning and shaping protocols, root canals were enlarged up to 20 sizes with 6% taper and were randomly divided into the following 5 groups with 10 samples each based on the cross-linking agent and the sealer: • Group I: Irrigation with saline (control). • Group II: Irrigation with cashew nut shell liquid followed by bioceramic sealer obturation. • Group III: Irrigation with cashew nut shell liquid followed by resin-based sealer obturation. • Group IV: Irrigation with EGCG followed by bioceramic sealer obturation. • Group V: Irrigation with EGCG followed by resin-based sealer obturation. Five specimens in each group were evaluated for push-out bond strength with the universal testing machine while the remaining five specimens in each group were evaluated for depth of sealer penetration by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data was recorded, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. RESULTS The push-out bond strength was found to be maximum in the apical region in all the five groups followed by the middle third and coronal region. The maximum push-out bond strength was seen in group II followed by groups III and IV, and least in group V. The mean depth of tubular penetration of sealers was found to be effective in the coronal portion followed by the middle third while the apical third region showed the least depth penetration of sealers into the tubules. The maximum penetration of sealers was revealed in group V followed by groups III and IV, and least in group II. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that push-out bond strength was found to the maximum in specimens irrigated with cashew nut shell liquid and obturated with bioceramic sealer. The maximum push-out bond strength was seen in the apical third of all root canals followed by the middle and coronal region. The scanning microscopic analysis revealed maximum mean tubular penetration in the coronal portion followed by the middle third and apical third. A greater penetration was seen in specimens irrigated with EGCG and obturated with hybrid sealer. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Selection of sealers plays a pivotal role in the success of endodontic therapy. Leakage-related issues can compromise the bond strength enhancing the bond strength can be achieved through the addition of cross-linking agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanthi Govindarajan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Elayampalyam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bahavathi Ananthan Hemasathya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Adhiparsakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bharath Naga Reddy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Adhiparsakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India, Phone: +91 9444792260, e-mail:
| | - Senthil Nathan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Adhiparsakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sriram Sankar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Adhiparsakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Emmulo E, Ceccantoni B, Bellincontro A, Mencarelli F. Use of water and ethanol extracts from wine grape seed pomace to prepare an antioxidant toothpaste. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:5813-5818. [PMID: 33792066 PMCID: PMC8519093 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracts of fresh wine grape seeds/skin or of grape pomace seeds were used to prepare antioxidant natural toothpastes. RESULTS Ethanol extracted twice more polyphenols than water; ultrasound did not provide any improvement in the extraction. The addition of freeze-dried ethanol extracts of seeds or skin, at 2% and 10%, to the commercial toothpaste significantly increased the polyphenol content, both from white grape seeds and skin and from red grape seed pomace. The evaluation of time stability (shelf life) revealed a decrease, after 4 months, of 3.9% and 9.4% in total polyphenol content, in 5% and 10% water extracts, but not for ethanol extracts. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazil1 antiradical activity was the highest in 10% of seed water extract toothpaste and, after 4 months, the activity was stable. CONCLUSION Ethanol and water are efficient and safe solvents to create natural toothpaste with grape or pomace seed extract with antioxidant activity. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Shah NA, Ren Y, Lan R, Lv J, Gul RM, Tan P, Huang S, Tan L, Xu J, Li Z. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene with improved crosslink density, oxidation stability, and microbial inhibition by chemical crosslinking and tea polyphenols for total joint replacements. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nouman Ali Shah
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yue Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Ri‐Tong Lan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Jia‐Cheng Lv
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Rizwan M. Gul
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Peng‐Fei Tan
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Shishu Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital and West China School of Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Lin Tan
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Jia‐Zhuang Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Zhong‐Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
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Kibar H, Arslan YE, Ceylan A, Karaca B, Haliscelik O, Kiran F. Weissella cibaria EIR/P2-derived exopolysaccharide: A novel alternative to conventional biomaterials targeting periodontal regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:2900-2908. [PMID: 33736289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Healing and regeneration of periodontium are considered as a complex physiological process. Therefore, treatments need to be addressed with highly effective components modulating the multiple pathways. In this study, exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Weissella cibaria EIR/P2, was partially purified from the culture supernatant and subjected to characterization within the aim of evaluating its potential for periodontal regeneration. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis revealed a single-peak corresponding to the glucose which identified the EPS as dextran. Fourier transform-infrared spectra were also displayed characteristic peaks for polysaccharides. According to the results of gel permeation/size exclusion-chromatography, the molecular mass was determined to be 8 × 106 Da. To clarify its anti-bacterial activity on Streptococcus mutans, effects on viability and biofilm formation was evaluated. At 50 mg/mL, dextran exhibited a bactericidal effect with 70% inhibition on biofilm formation. Besides, dose-dependent antioxidant effects were also detected. The efficacy of dextran in enhancing the viability of human periodontal ligament fibroblast cells (hPDLFCs) was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromide (MTT) assay, and an increase was observed in the viability of hPDLFCs. In conclusion, dextran derived from W. cibaria can be potentially used as a multi-functional bioactive polymer in the design of new therapeutic strategies to promote healing and regeneration of periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazal Kibar
- Pharmabiotic Technologies Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey; Regenerative Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Emre Arslan
- Regenerative Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ceylan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Başar Karaca
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozan Haliscelik
- Pharmabiotic Technologies Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fadime Kiran
- Pharmabiotic Technologies Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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Kwon YS, Kim HJ, Hwang YC, Rosa V, Yu MK, Min KS. Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate, an Antibacterial Cross-linking Agent, on Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Cells Cultured in Collagen Scaffolds. J Endod 2018; 43:289-296. [PMID: 28132713 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), an antibacterial cross-linking agent, on the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) cultured in hydrogel collagen scaffolds. METHODS The odontogenic differentiation induced by EGCG was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and odontogenic-related gene expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The antibacterial effect of EGCG was investigated by a disc diffusion assay in comparison with glutaraldehyde. Proliferation was analyzed by cell number counting under both optical and confocal laser scanning microscopes. To assess the mechanical properties of collagen treated with EGCG, the setting time, surface roughness, and compressive strength were measured. RESULTS EGCG itself did not up-regulate the odontogenic-related markers (P > .05) although ALP activity was slightly increased. The proliferation and differentiation of hDPCs cultured in collagen increased significantly in the presence of EGCG (P < .05). The antibacterial activity of EGCG was similar to that of glutaraldehyde. The setting time of collagen was significantly shortened when it was treated with EGCG (P < .05). The surface roughness and compressive strength of the cross-linked collagen were higher than those of collagen without EGCG (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that EGCG, the antibacterial cross-linking agent, promoted the proliferation and differentiation of hDPCs cultured in collagen scaffolds. Furthermore, the enhanced mechanical properties of collagen scaffolds induced by EGCG may play important roles in cell behavior. Consequently, the application of EGCG to collagen scaffolds might be beneficial for regenerative endodontic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sun Kwon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yun-Chan Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Discipline of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mi-Kyung Yu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kyung-San Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
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Luan X, Zhou X, Trombetta-eSilva J, Francis M, Gaharwar AK, Atsawasuwan P, Diekwisch TGH. MicroRNAs and Periodontal Homeostasis. J Dent Res 2017; 96:491-500. [PMID: 28068481 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516685711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small RNAs that control gene expression in all aspects of eukaryotic life, primarily through RNA silencing mechanisms. The purpose of the present review is to introduce key miRNAs involved in periodontal homeostasis, summarize the mechanisms by which they affect downstream genes and tissues, and provide an introduction into the therapeutic potential of periodontal miRNAs. In general, miRNAs function synergistically to fine-tune the regulation of biological processes and to remove expression noise rather than by causing drastic changes in expression levels. In the periodontium, miRNAs play key roles in development and periodontal homeostasis and during the loss of periodontal tissue integrity as a result of periodontal disease. As part of the anabolic phase of periodontal homeostasis and periodontal development, miRNAs direct periodontal fibroblasts toward alveolar bone lineage differentiation and new bone formation through WNT, bone morphogenetic protein, and Notch signaling pathways. miRNAs contribute equally to the catabolic aspect of periodontal homeostasis as they affect osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function, either by directly promoting osteoclast activity or by inhibiting osteoclast signaling intermediaries or through negative feedback loops. Their small size and ability to target multiple regulatory networks of related sets of genes have predisposed miRNAs to become ideal candidates for drug delivery and tissue regeneration. To address the immense therapeutic potential of miRNAs and their antagomirs, an ever growing number of delivery approaches toward clinical applications have been developed, including nanoparticle carriers and secondary structure interference inhibitor systems. However, only a fraction of the miRNAs involved in periodontal health and disease are known today. It is anticipated that continued research will lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the periodontal miRNA world, and a systematic effort toward harnessing the enormous therapeutic potential of these small molecules will greatly benefit the future of periodontal patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Luan
- 1 Department of Oral Biology, UIC College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - X Zhou
- 2 Department of Periodontics, UIC College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Trombetta-eSilva
- 3 Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M Francis
- 1 Department of Oral Biology, UIC College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A K Gaharwar
- 4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,5 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,6 Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - P Atsawasuwan
- 7 Department of Orthodontics, UIC College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - T G H Diekwisch
- 3 Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, Dallas, TX, USA
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Pheenithicharoenkul S, Panichuttra A. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate increased the push out bond strength of an epoxy resin sealer to root dentin. Dent Mater J 2016; 35:888-892. [PMID: 27680035 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea extract on the push out bond strength of an epoxy resin sealer to root dentin. Seventy single root canal premolars were decoronated and instrumented. The roots were randomly irrigated with different final irrigation protocols (n=16): 17%EDTA (EDTA), 17%EDTA followed by 2.5%NaOCl (EDTA+NaOCl), 17%EDTA followed by 1 mg/mL EGCG (EDTA+EGCG) and 1 mg/mL EGCG (EGCG). Other six root canals were received only 2.5%NaOCl as a control group. One root from each group (n=1) was excluded and prepared for SEM investigation. All root canals were then obturated and horizontally sectioned to perform the push out test. EDTA+EGCG group had the highest bond strength (p<0.05). EGCG group showed higher bond strength than EDTA group (p<0.05). The use of EGCG as a final irrigant significantly increased the push out bond strength of an epoxy resin sealer to root dentin.
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Adeli F, Zabihi E, Abedian Z, Gharekhani S, Pouramir M, Khafri S, Ghasempour M. Comparative in vitro study of the effectiveness of Green tea extract and common storage media on periodontal ligament fibroblast viability. Eur J Dent 2016; 10:408-412. [PMID: 27403063 PMCID: PMC4926598 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.184158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Green tea extract (GTE) was shown to be effective in preserving periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) of avulsed teeth. This study aimed at determining the potential of GTE in preserving the viability of PDLFs comparing with different storage media. Materials and Methods: Periodontal ligament cells were obtained from freshly extracted healthy impacted third molars and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM). Cell viability was determined by storing the cells in seven media; DMEM, tap water, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), whole milk, hypotonic sucrose solution, GTE, and GTE + sucrose for 1, 2, 4, and 24 h at 37°C using tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance and post hoc tests. Results: GTE showed significantly higher protective effect than HBSS at 2, 4, and 24 h (P = 0.009, P = 0.02, P = 0.016), DMED at 2 h (P = 0.003), and milk at 4 h (P = 0.039). Conclusion: Although with undesirable osmolality and pH, GTE had a good ability in preserving the PDLFs comparing with other studied media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Adeli
- Student's Research Committee, Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Zabihi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zeinab Abedian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Samane Gharekhani
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahdi Pouramir
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Soraya Khafri
- Department of Biostatics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasempour
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Kim K, Yi T, Yun JH. Maintained Stemness of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Isolated After Prolonged Storage of Extracted Teeth. J Periodontol 2016; 87:e148-58. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Poi WR, Sonoda CK, Martins CM, Melo ME, Pellizzer EP, de Mendonça MR, Panzarini SR. Storage media for avulsed teeth: a literature review. Braz Dent J 2015; 24:437-45. [PMID: 24474282 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201302297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental avulsion is the most severe type of traumatic tooth injuries because it causes damage to several structures and results in the complete displacement of the tooth from its socket in the alveolar bone. The ideal situation is to replant an exarticulated tooth immediately after avulsion because the extraoral time is a determinant factor for treatment success and for a good prognosis. However, it is not always possible. The success of replantation depends on a number of factors that may contribute to accelerate or minimize the occurrence of root resorption or ankylosis, among which is the type and characteristics of the medium used for temporary storage during the time elapsed between avulsion and replantation. Maintaining the tooth in an adequate wet medium that can preserve, as longer as possible, the vitality of the periodontal ligament cells that remain on root surface is the key to success of replantation. Recent research has led to the development of storage media that produce conditions that closely resemble the original socket environment, with adequate osmolality (cell pressure), pH, nutritional metabolites and glucose, and thus create the best possible conditions for storage. Although these storage media can now be purchased in the form of retail products, the most common scenario is that such a product will not be readily available at the moment of the accident This paper reviews the literature on the different storage media that have been investigated for avulsed teeth based on full-length papers retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, BBO and SciELO electronic databases using the key words 'storage medium', 'transportation medium', 'avulsion', 'tooth avulsion', 'replantation', 'tooth replantation', 'milk' and 'propolis'. After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 39 papers were selected and critically reviewed with respect to the characteristics, efficacy and ease of access of the storage medium. The review of the literature showed that a wide array of types of wet storage media have been evaluated in laboratory studies and clinical reports, including cell and tissue culture solutions like Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS); medical/hospital products developed specifically for organ storage purposes, such as Viaspan® and Euro-Collins®; culture media, like Minimum Essential Medium (MEM); saline; natural products like water, saliva, bovine milk and its variations, propolis, green tea, Morus rubra (red mulberry), egg white and coconut water; rehydrating solutions, like Gatorade® and Ricetral, and even contact lens solutions. Based on the literature, it could be stated that, so far, apart from Based on the literature, it could be stated that, so far, apart from solutions designed specifically for storage and culture purposes, regular pasteurized whole milk is the most frequently recommended and with the best prognosis among other solutions that are likely to be available at the scene of an accident, such as water, saline or saliva. Its advantages include its high availability, ready accessibility, physiologically compatible pH and osmolality (fluid pressure) with the root-surface adhered PDL cells, presence of nutrients and growth factors. However, there is not yet a single solution that fulfills all requirements to be considered as the ideal medium for temporary storage of avulsed teeth, and research on this field should carry on.
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Yu SJ, Lee JS, Jung UW, Park JC, Kim BO, Choi SH. Effect of fibroblast growth factor on injured periodontal ligament and cementum after tooth replantation in dogs. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2015; 45:111-9. [PMID: 26131371 PMCID: PMC4485061 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2015.45.3.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this animal study was to perform a histological and histomorphometric analysis in order to elucidate the effect of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) on injured periodontal ligament (PDL) and cementum after tooth replantation in dogs. METHODS The roots of 36 mandibular premolars from six mongrel dogs were used in this study. The roots were randomly divided into three groups: (1) a positive control group (n=12), in which the PDL was retained; (2) a negative control group (n=12), in which the PDL and the cementum between the notches were removed; and (3) an experimental group (n=12), in which the PDL and the cementum between the notches were removed and the roots were soaked in an FGF-2 solution (30 µg/0.1 mL). After treating the root surfaces, the extracted roots were replanted into extraction sockets. The animals were sacrificed four and eight weeks after surgery for histologic and histomorphometric evaluation. RESULTS At four and eight weeks, normal PDLs covered the roots in the positive control group. In the negative control group, most replanted roots showed signs of replacement resorption. In the experimental group, new PDL-like tissue and cementum-like tissue were observed to partially occupy the region between the root surfaces and the newly formed bone. Histomorphometric analysis showed that the mean length of the newly formed cementum-like tissue on the roots treated with FGF-2 was significantly greater than that of the tissue on the roots in the negative control group (four weeks, P=0.008; eight weeks, P=0.042). However, no significant differences were observed between the roots treated with FGF-2 and the negative control roots with respect to newly formed PDL-like tissue. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that use of FGF-2 on injured root surfaces promotes cementogenesis after tooth replacement in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Joun Yu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ui-Won Jung
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Cheol Park
- Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Ock Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Choi
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Jung IH, Lee DE, Yun JH, Cho AR, Kim CS, You YJ, Kim SJ, Choi SH. Anti-inflammatory effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-stimulated fibroblasts and stem cells derived from human periodontal ligament. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2012; 42:185-95. [PMID: 23346461 PMCID: PMC3543933 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2012.42.6.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects in periodontitis. However, its exact mechanism of action has yet to be determined. The present in vitro study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of EGCG on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) and human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) affected by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from Porphyromonas gingivalis. METHODS hPDLFs and hPDLSCs were extracted from healthy young adults and were treated with EGCG and/or P. gingivalis LPS. After 1, 3, 5, and 7 days from treatment, cytotoxic and proliferative effects were evaluated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and bromodeoxyuridine assay, respectively. And then, the gene expressions of hPDLFs and hPDLSCs were observed for interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and RANKL/OPG using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at 0, 6, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. The experiments were performed with the following groups for hPDLFs and hPDLSCs; 1) No treat, 2) EGCG alone, 3) P. gingivalis LPS alone, 4) EGCG+P. gingivalis LPS. RESULTS The 20 µM of EGCG and 20 µg/mL of P. gingivalis LPS had the lowest cytotoxic effects, so those concentrations were used for further experiments. The proliferations of hPDLFs and hPDLSCs increased in all groups, though the 'EGCG alone' showed less increase. In real-time PCR, the hPDLFs and hPDLSCs of 'EGCG alone' showed similar gene expressions to those cells of 'no treat'. The gene expressions of 'P. gingivalis LPS alone' in both hPDLFs and hPDLSCs were highly increased at 6 hours for IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, RANKL, and RANKL/OPG, except the RANKL/OPG in hPDLSCs. However, those increased gene expressions were down-regulated in 'EGCG+P. gingivalis LPS' by the additional treatment of EGCG. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that EGCG could exert an anti-inflammatory effect in hPDLFs and hPDLSCs against a major pathogen of periodontitis, P. gingivalis LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Im-Hee Jung
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea. ; Division of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Chen H, Huang B. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate: a novel storage medium for avulsed teeth. Dent Traumatol 2011; 28:158-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2011.01066.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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