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Batko J, Jakiel R, Krawczyk-Ożóg A, Litwinowicz R, Hołda J, Bartuś S, Bartuś K, Hołda MK, Konieczyńska M. Definition and anatomical description of the left atrial appendage neck. Clin Anat 2024; 37:201-209. [PMID: 38031393 DOI: 10.1002/ca.24125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The left atrial appendage (LAA) is well known as a source of cardiac thrombus formation. Despite its clinical importance, the LAA neck is still anatomically poorly defined. Therefore, this study aimed to define the LAA neck and determine its morphometric characteristics. We performed three-dimensional reconstructions of the heart chambers based on contrast-enhanced electrocardiography-gated computed tomography scans of 200 patients (47% females, 66.5 ± 13.6 years old). The LAA neck was defined as a truncated cone-shaped canal bounded proximally by the LAA orifice and distally by the lobe origin and was present in 98.0% of cases. The central axis of the LAA neck was 14.7 ± 2.3 mm. The mean area of the LAA neck walls was 856.6 ± 316.7 mm2 . The LAA neck can be divided into aortic, arterial (the smallest), venous (the largest), and free surfaces. All areas have a trapezoidal shape with a broader proximal base. There were no statistically significant differences in the morphometric characteristics of the LAA neck between LAA types. Statistically significant differences between the sexes in the main morphometric parameters of the LAA neck were found in the central axis length and the LAA neck wall area. The LAA neck can be evaluated from computed tomography scans and their three-dimensional reconstructions. The current study provides a complex morphometric analysis of the LAA neck. The precise definition and morphometric details of the LAA neck presented in this study may influence the effectiveness and safety of LAA exclusion procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Batko
- HEART-Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team, Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
- CAROL-Cardiothoracic Anatomy Research Operative Lab, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rafał Jakiel
- HEART-Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team, Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Agata Krawczyk-Ożóg
- HEART-Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team, Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital in Cracow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Radosław Litwinowicz
- CAROL-Cardiothoracic Anatomy Research Operative Lab, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, Grudziądz, Poland
| | - Jakub Hołda
- HEART-Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team, Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Stanisław Bartuś
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital in Cracow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bartuś
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz K Hołda
- HEART-Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team, Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, John Paul II Hospital in Kraków, Krakow, Poland
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Małgorzata Konieczyńska
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, John Paul II Hospital in Kraków, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Thromboembolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
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Burysz M, Batko J, Malec-Litwinowicz MH, Kowalewski M, Litwinowicz RA, Burysz A, Graczykowski Ł, Olejek W. Combining echocardiography and fluoroscopy imaging in real time for left atrial appendage occlusion - single center experience from Poland. KARDIOCHIRURGIA I TORAKOCHIRURGIA POLSKA = POLISH JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY 2024; 21:30-34. [PMID: 38693977 PMCID: PMC11059017 DOI: 10.5114/kitp.2024.138575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF) presents a growing health concern, often requiring stroke prevention measures, primarily through oral anticoagulation (OAC). Surgical interventions such as left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) offer alternatives when OAC is contraindicated. In recent years, percutaneous procedures have gained traction as minimally invasive options, demanding precise anatomical insights. Fusion imaging (FI), which combines transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and fluoroscopy, has emerged as a potential game-changer in transcatheter interventions. Aim This study introduces FI to LAAO procedures in Poland, assessing its role in guiding interventions, highlighting advantages, and exploring its potential to reshape cardiovascular interventions. Material and methods We conducted a retrospective study involving LAAO procedures from March 2015 to December 2018, all utilizing FI. Patient indications, procedural specifics, and safety metrics were collected and analyzed. Follow-ups were conducted at 3 and 6 months. Results A cohort of 83 patients (mean age: 72.1 ±8.4 years) underwent successful LAAO procedures. FI provided precise device placement and anatomical assessment. Mean procedure time was 54.9 ±34.3 min, contrast medium usage averaged 33.7 ±22.7 ml, and creatinine levels remained stable. Patients were discharged in about 4.2 ±3.4 days. Adverse effects were rare, including minimal bleeding and cardiac tamponade. Follow-ups demonstrated favorable outcomes with low adverse event rates. Conclusions This study marks the inaugural application of FI in Polish LAAO procedures. FI, offering enhanced visualization and reduced procedure times, holds promise in improving patient safety and treatment efficacy. We recommend its consideration as a standard visualization technique for LAAO procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Burysz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, Grudziądz, Poland
| | - Jakub Batko
- CAROL – Cardiothoracic Anatomy Research Operative Lab, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Mariusz Kowalewski
- Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Innovative Medical Forum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Burysz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Tumors, Oncology Centre, Prof. Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Olejek
- CAROL – Cardiothoracic Anatomy Research Operative Lab, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Batko J, Rusinek J, Słomka A, Litwinowicz R, Burysz M, Bartuś M, Lakkireddy DR, Lee RJ, Natorska J, Ząbczyk M, Kapelak B, Bartuś K. Postoperative Coagulation Changes in Patients after Epicardial Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Varies Based on the Left Atrial Appendage Size. Diseases 2023; 12:8. [PMID: 38248359 PMCID: PMC10814509 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Left atrial appendage occlusion affects systemic coagulation parameters, leading to additional patient-related benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in coagulation factor changes 6 months after epicardial left atrial appendage occlusion in patients with different LAA morphometries. This is the first study to analyze these relationships in detail. A prospective study of 22 consecutive patients was performed. Plasminogen, fibrinogen, tPA concentration, PAI-1, TAFI and computed tomography angiograms were performed. Patients were divided into subgroups based on left atrial appendage body and orifice diameter enlargement. The results of blood tests at baseline and six-month follow-up were compared. In a population with normal LAA body size and normal orifice diameter size, a significant decrease in analyzed clotting factors was observed between baseline and follow-up for all parameters except plasminogen. A significant decrease between baseline and follow-up was observed with enlarged LAA body size in all parameters except TAFI, in which it was insignificant and plasminogen, in which a significant increase was observed. Occlusion of the left atrial appendage is beneficial for systemic coagulation. Patients with a small LAA may benefit more from LAA closure in terms of stabilizing their coagulation factors associated with potential thromboembolic events in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Batko
- CAROL—Cardiothoracic Anatomy Research Operative Lab, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
- Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Innovative Medical Forum, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Jakub Rusinek
- CAROL—Cardiothoracic Anatomy Research Operative Lab, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
| | - Artur Słomka
- Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Innovative Medical Forum, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Radosław Litwinowicz
- CAROL—Cardiothoracic Anatomy Research Operative Lab, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, 86-300 Grudziądz, Poland
| | - Marian Burysz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, 86-300 Grudziądz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bartuś
- Department of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dhanunjaya R. Lakkireddy
- The Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institution and Research Foundation, HCA MIDWEST HEALTH, Second Floor, 5100 W 110th St, Overland Park, KS 66211, USA
| | - Randall J. Lee
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joanna Natorska
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland; (J.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Michał Ząbczyk
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland; (J.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Bogusław Kapelak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bartuś
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
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Burysz M, Malec-Litwinowicz M, Batko J, Litwinowicz R, Kowalewski M, Kapelak BA, Bartus K. A decade later: long-term results of the first percutaneous epicardial closure of the left atrial appendage using the LARIAT device. KARDIOCHIRURGIA I TORAKOCHIRURGIA POLSKA = POLISH JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY 2023; 20:215-219. [PMID: 38283554 PMCID: PMC10809813 DOI: 10.5114/kitp.2023.134176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Over the past decade, left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has emerged as an established alternative to oral anticoagulation for patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF). The LARIAT device stands as the sole available epicardial system for complete percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure. Aim To present the extended outcomes (spanning over 9 years of observation) in patients with AF who underwent epicardial LAAO. The presented results constitute the longest observation in world literature. Material and methods A prospective, single-center study was conducted on 121 patients undergoing LAAO with the LARIAT system. Incidence of thromboembolic events and severe bleeding and mortality rates were documented. The reduction in the risk of thromboembolism and bleeding after LAAO was quantified. Results The mean follow-up duration was 74.18 months. The average CHADS2 score was 1.9 ±1.0, CHA2DS2-VAS score was 2.8 ±1.5, and HAS-BLED score was 2.7 ±1.0. The mean annual thromboembolic event rate was 0.7%, resulting in a 75% reduction in estimated thromboembolic risk. The annual occurrence of major bleeding complications was 0.8%, leading to a 67.9% reduction in estimated bleeding risk. The overall annual mortality rate was 1.2%. Conclusions Epicardial LAAO employing the LARIAT device yields commendable long-term outcomes by reducing stroke and bleeding risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Burysz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, Grudzi¹dz, Poland
| | - Michalina Malec-Litwinowicz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Jakub Batko
- CAROL - Cardiothoracic Anatomy Research Operative Lab, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Innovative Medical Forum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Litwinowicz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Regional Specialist Hospital, Grudzi¹dz, Poland
- CAROL - Cardiothoracic Anatomy Research Operative Lab, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Innovative Medical Forum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kowalewski
- Thoracic Research Centre, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Innovative Medical Forum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bogus Aw Kapelak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bartus
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Litwinowicz R, Natorska J, Zabczyk M, Kapelak B, Lakkireddy D, Vuddanda V, Bartus K. Changes in fibrinolytic activity and coagulation factors after epicardial left atrial appendage closure in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Thorac Dis 2022; 14:4226-4235. [PMID: 36524072 PMCID: PMC9745526 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The left atrial appendage (LAA) is known to be the primary source of thrombus formation in atrial fibrillation (AF). We investigate whether epicardial LAA occlusion (LAAO) from the cardiovascular system has an effect on coagulation and prothrombotic status in AF. METHODS Twenty-two patients with nonvalvular AF, who were not currently receiving oral anticoagulation (OAC) therapy, participated in a single-center prospective study. We measured fibrinogen and plasminogen levels along with plasma fibrin clot permeability, clot lysis time (CLT) and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) before the LAAO procedure, at discharge and 1 month afterward. RESULTS One month after the LAAO procedure, plasma fibrin clot permeability improved by 39.3% as measured by clots prepared from peripheral blood (P=0.019) and also after adjustment for fibrinogen (P=0.027). Higher plasma fibrin clot permeability was associated with improved clot susceptibility to lysis (r=-0.67, P=0.013). CLT was reduced by 10.3% (P=0.0020), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 antigen levels were reduced by 52% (P=0.023) and plasminogen activity was increased by 8.9% (P=0.0077). A trend toward decreased thrombin generation, reflected by a decreased ETP and peak thrombin generated was also observed 1 month after LAAO procedure (P=0.072 and P=0.087, respectively). No differences were observed in tissue-type plasminogen activator and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor plasma levels (both P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Obtained results seem to confirm that LAA plays a key role in thrombogenesis. Elimination of LAA from the circulatory system may improve fibrin clot permeability and susceptibility to fibrinolysis in peripheral blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslaw Litwinowicz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Natorska
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michal Zabczyk
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Boguslaw Kapelak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
- The Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute & Research Foundation, Overland Park, KS, USA
| | | | - Krzysztof Bartus
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Llagostera-Martín M, Cubero-Gallego H, Mas-Stachurska A, Salvatella N, Sánchez-Carpintero A, Tizon-Marcos H, Garcia-Guimaraes M, Calvo-Fernandez A, Molina L, Vaquerizo B. Left Atrial Appendage Closure with a New Occluder Device: Efficacy, Safety and Mid-Term Performance. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1421. [PMID: 33915971 PMCID: PMC8036586 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The LAmbreTM device is a novel system designed for left atrial appendage closure (LAAC). First registries showed a high rate of device implantation success. However, few mid-term results are available. We present our 1- and 12-month follow-up results for this device. This prospective, single-center registry included consecutive patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who underwent LAAC with the LAmbreTM device. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed at 1-month follow-up. In total, 55 patients were included. The population was elderly (75 ± 9.4 years), with a high proportion of comorbidities. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores were 4.6 ± 1.6 and 3.9 ± 1.0, respectively. Previous history of a major bleeding event was present in 37 patients (67.3%). Procedural success was achieved in 54 patients (98.2%). Device success was achieved in 100% of patients in whom device implantation was attempted (54 patients). Major in-hospital device-related complications included mortality of one patient (1.8%) and pericardial tamponade in two patients (3.6%); the incidence of stroke was 0%. No thrombus or significant leaks (≥5 mm) were observed on 1-month TEE. At 12 months, adverse events were overall death (1.8%), transient ischemic attack/ischemic stroke (1.8%), and major bleeding events (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) 3a and 3c; 11%). In this high-risk population, the LAmbreTM device seems to be a safe and effective option for LAAC with a remarkable mid-term performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Llagostera-Martín
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
| | - Hector Cubero-Gallego
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Mas-Stachurska
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
- Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group (GREC), Hospital del Mar Medical Investigation Institute-IMIM, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Salvatella
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Carpintero
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
| | - Helena Tizon-Marcos
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
- Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group (GREC), Hospital del Mar Medical Investigation Institute-IMIM, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcos Garcia-Guimaraes
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
| | - Alicia Calvo-Fernandez
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
| | - Luis Molina
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
- Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group (GREC), Hospital del Mar Medical Investigation Institute-IMIM, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona-UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Vaquerizo
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (H.C.-G.); (A.M.-S.); (N.S.); (A.S.-C.); (H.T.-M.); (M.G.-G.); (A.C.-F.); (L.M.)
- Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group (GREC), Hospital del Mar Medical Investigation Institute-IMIM, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona-UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Long-term effect of anticoagulation following left atrial appendage occlusion with the LARIAT device in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: impact on thromboembolism, bleeding and mortality. Real life data. ADVANCES IN INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY 2020; 16:89-96. [PMID: 32368241 PMCID: PMC7189129 DOI: 10.5114/aic.2020.93916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Indications for left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) are varied and patients require individual management strategies. However, currently no guidelines exist for postprocedure oral anticoagulation (OAC) after an LAAO procedure. Aim To evaluate the effect of OAC on thromboembolism, bleeding and mortality following the LAAO procedure for patients with AF. Material and methods One hundred and thirty-nine consecutive patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) who underwent LAAO with the LARIAT device were followed for at least 40 months. Decisions about OAC and its modifications were individualized based on clinical presentation, patient and physician preferences. Results Following LAAO, 52 (41%) patients did not receive OAC (No-OAC group) and 75 (59%) patients received OAC (OAC group), without any intergroup differences in CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc score or other thromboembolic risk factors. The median HAS-BLED score was higher in the OAC-group (median 3 (3-4) vs. 3 (2-4), p = 0.014). During a median follow-up time of 51 (43-57) vs. 55 (48-59) months in the No-OAC group and in the OAC group (p = 0.19) there were no significant differences between groups in ischemic stroke/TIA, 0 (0%) vs. 2 (2.7%), other thromboembolic events, 0 (0%) vs. 1 (1.3%), life-threatening, disabling or major events, 2 (3.7%) vs. 2 (2.7%), or annual mortality rate, 1.9% vs. 0.9%, respectively. Conclusions There is no need for OAC after the LAAO procedure. Omitting OAC after an LAAO procedure in AF patients: (1) has similar stroke prevention rates as patients on OAC, (2) has similar bleeding prevention rates as patients on OAC, (3) has similar safety endpoints and long-term efficacy as patients on OAC.
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