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Vogiatzi G, Lazaros G, Oikonomou E, Kostakis M, Kypritidou Z, Christoforatou E, Theofilis P, Argyraki A, Thomaidis N, Tousoulis D. Impact of drinking water hardness on carotid atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness: Insights from the "Corinthia" study. Hellenic J Cardiol 2023; 74:32-38. [PMID: 37121519 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several investigations have highlighted the role of water quality in cardiovascular health. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of drinking water hardness on atherosclerotic burden in carotid arteries and arterial stiffness. METHODS "Corinthia" study was conducted in the homonym region in Greece from 2015 to 2017. Carotid atherosclerosis was assessed by intima-media thickness (IMT). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was used to evaluate arterial stiffness. Tap-water samples were collected from the study area and analyzed for a variety of elements, as well as pH and total hardness. RESULTS Individuals living in lower drinking water hardness areas (Area 1) versus individuals living in higher water hardness areas (Area 2) had lower max IMT (p = 0.004) and were less susceptible to carotid plaque formation (p = 0.004). Interestingly, individuals over 65 years from Area 1 had lower mean IMT, max IMT, and less plaque formation (p < 0.001 for all). The mean value of PWV in the overall study population was below the 10 m/s cutoff, which defines arterial stiffness (9.15 ± 2.79 m/s). Nevertheless, a marginally higher rate of vascular stiffening was noted in Area 2 vs. Area 1 (16.2% and 12.8%, respectively, p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS According to this cross-sectional study's findings, a positive association between extra hard water and carotid atherosclerotic burden was found. However, the association with arterial stiffness is unclear and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1(st) Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - George Lazaros
- 1(st) Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1(st) Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Marios Kostakis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Zacharenia Kypritidou
- Section of Economic Geology and Geochemistry, Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Christoforatou
- 1(st) Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1(st) Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Ariadne Argyraki
- Section of Economic Geology and Geochemistry, Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1(st) Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Hossienifar F, Entezari M, Hosseini S. Water hardness zoning of Isfahan Province, Iran, and its relationship with cardiovascular mortality, 2013-2015. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2020; 15:275-280. [PMID: 32206071 PMCID: PMC7073801 DOI: 10.22122/arya.v15i6.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the common diseases and today, it is considered as not only an important cause of mortality but also a significant aspect of health geography. The evidence presented in the literature indicates that hard water may reduce the cases of sudden death caused by CVDs because drinking water contains significant amounts of calcium and magnesium, which play a crucial role in the electrical activity of heart. Hence, the present study aimed at investigating the relationship between water hardness and CVD mortality rate in Isfahan, Iran. METHODS In this ecological study, the available data regarding the cardiovascular mortality rate and water hardness have been used. Preparation of zoning map has been conducted using the Geographic Information System (GIS) software considering Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation models. Moreover, statistical analysis has been conducted using SPSS software. RESULTS A reverse relationship was observed between cardiovascular mortality rate and water hardness. However, the observed relationship was not statistically significant (2013: r = -0.066, 2014: r = -0.155, 2015: r = -0.051, P > 0.050). CONCLUSION The results of mapping with GIS and statistical analysis with SPSS both indicated a non-significant inverse relationship between the water hardness and CVDs. However, lack of a significant relationship highlights the necessity of conducting similar studies involving larger sample sizes and wider areas of investigation to present a definitive and generalizable result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshte Hossienifar
- Expert, Health Center Number 2, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Entezari
- Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shidokht Hosseini
- Researcher, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Nagy J, Sipka S, SipkaJr S, Kocsis J, Horváth Z. The Hardness of Drinking Water Negatively while Socio-Economic Deprivation Positively Correlate with the Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates due to Cardiovascular Diseases in Hungarian Wine Regions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183437. [PMID: 31527532 PMCID: PMC6765880 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We compared the age-adjusted death rates (AADR) for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among 206,159 inhabitants analyzed between 2000 and 2010 in four wine territories of Hungary: Tokaj (white wines), Eger (mostly red wines), Balaton (mostly white wines), Szekszárd-Villány (mostly red wines) and Hódmezővásárhely (HMV) (not a wine region). The mortality rates were also assessed from the aspects of total hardness of drinking water and index of socio-economic deprivation (ID). We found the highest cardiovascular mortality in the Tokaj region and HMV. On the other hand, lower numbers of CVD were observed in Szekszárd-Villány, Balaton and Eger. These findings on cardiovascular mortality correlated negatively and significantly with the values of total hardness of drinking waters, which were low in Tokaj and HMV. They were higher in Szekszárd-Villány, Balaton and Eger. Additionally, and surprisingly, the mortality of CVD correlated positively and significantly with the ID values despite of the small numeric differences. The hardness of drinking water and the level of socio-economic state seem to have a greater impact on the mortality rate of CVD than the consumption of “red” or “white” dominant types of wines at a region. This study shows data on a population larger than 200,000 persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Nagy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándor Sipka
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Sándor SipkaJr
- Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Kocsis
- Bács-KisKun County Hospital, Centre of Onco-radiology, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Horváth
- Bács-KisKun County Hospital, Centre of Onco-radiology, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
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Huang Y, Wang J, Tan Y, Wang L, Lin H, Lan L, Xiong Y, Huang W, Shu W. Low-mineral direct drinking water in school may retard height growth and increase dental caries in schoolchildren in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 115:104-109. [PMID: 29554484 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although direct drinking water (DDW) systems that utilize a reverse-osmosis technique are thought to be harmful to children's development by reducing their daily mineral intake, few population data are available regarding this topic. We conducted an eco-epidemiological study to investigate the influence of low-mineral DDW on the development of schoolchildren. We collected developmental parameters of 13,723 girls and 16,161 boys before and after the introduction of DDW systems in 25 schools and measured the mineral levels in the DDW of each school. The DDW in 22 schools had lower-than-recommended levels of magnesium and calcium (magnesium, 10 mg/L and calcium, 20 mg/L, WHO). We found that children exposed to low-mineral DDW exhibited reduced height and diminished height increases as well as higher prevalences and incidences of hypoevolutism and dental caries (p < 0.01). This exposure was a risk factor for a greater incidence of both hypoevolutism and dental caries in children (RR = 7.110 (1.688, 29.953) and 1.813 (1.309, 2.509), respectively; p < 0.01). Our results suggest that low-mineral DDW may retard height growth and promote the incidence of dental caries in schoolchildren; thus, schools should choose DDW treatment systems that retain the minerals in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Huang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Yao Tan
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Lingqiao Wang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Tropical Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Lan Lan
- Health Supervision Institute of Nan'an, Health and Family Planning Commission of Nan'an, Chongqing 400060, PR China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Weiqun Shu
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China.
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Pawłowska K, Seredyński R, Umławska W, Iwańczak B. Hydrogen excretion in pediatric lactose malabsorbers: relation to symptoms and the dose of lactose. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14:88-93. [PMID: 29379537 PMCID: PMC5778410 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.57884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lactose malabsorption arises from lactase deficiency and may lead to lactose intolerance - gastrointestinal symptoms after lactose ingestion. Occurrence and severity of the symptoms are influenced by many factors, including the dose of lactose and the intensity of its colonic fermentation to short chain fatty acids and gases. MATERIAL AND METHODS The hydrogen breath test (HBT) after 30 g or 50 g of lactose was performed in 387 children. Further analysis included children who had a positive HBT result. The HBT parameters were net hydrogen concentration in each breath and total net hydrogen concentration during the HBT. The time of the first hydrogen rise was also calculated. HBT parameters were analyzed according to symptoms occurrence (lack or present), symptoms severity (lack, moderate or severe) and the dose of lactose (30 g or 50 g). RESULTS One hundred and six children (12.1 years, 46 boys) had a positive HBT result. Symptoms occurrence was positively related to net hydrogen concentration at 30 min, 60 min and 90 min (p < 0.001 at each time point), as well as to the total net hydrogen concentration (p < 0.001). There were no differences in hydrogen excretion between subjects with moderate and severe symptoms after lactose ingestion. Symptoms were more frequent in subjects given 50 g of lactose than in those given 30 g of lactose (79% vs. 47%, p = 0.003). In both dose groups symptoms occurrence was related to hydrogen excretion. CONCLUSIONS Symptoms occurrence is closely related to hydrogen excretion and to the dose of ingested lactose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pawłowska
- 2 Department and Clinic of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Seredyński
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Microorganisms, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wioleta Umławska
- Department of Human Biology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Iwańczak
- 2 Department and Clinic of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Ziyaeifard M, Mehrabanian MJ, Faritus SZ, Khazaei Koohpar M, Ferasatkish R, Hosseinnejad H, Mehrabanian M. Premedication with oral pregabalin for the prevention of acute postsurgical pain in coronary artery bypass surgery. Anesth Pain Med 2015; 5:e24837. [PMID: 25830118 PMCID: PMC4363739 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.24837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: For coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) sternotomy should be performed. The pain after surgery is severe and requires medical intervention. Use of the analgesics is limited by their side effects and studies suggest that prevention with some medications before surgery is effective in controlling the postoperative pain. Objectives: We investigated the efficacy of pregabalin administration before surgery in the treatment of acute postoperative pain after CABG surgery. Patients and Methods: Sixty patients indicated for elective CABG surgery were randomly allocated to two groups. One group received placebo and the other received 150 mg of oral pregabalin before surgery. Heart rates, blood pressure, respiratory rate, intensive care unit (ICU) stay duration, morphine consumption, and pain score according to the visual analog scale (VAS) were measured and recorded at 4, 12, and 24 hours of surgery. Results: Pregabalin consumption did not alter hemodynamic parameters and was safe in patients after CABG. Its consumption was associated with significant reduction in the pain score (P values were 0.035, 0.026, and 0.047 respectively at 4, 12, and 24 hours of surgery). Its use was not associated with changes in the morphine consumption at 4, 12, and 24 hours of surgery (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Premedication with studied dose of pregabalin is effective for the prevention of postoperative pain in patients after CABG and has no adverse effects. Trials with other treating schedule and doses of the drug should be performed to determine the best treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ziyaeifard
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mehrabanian
- Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, Shahid Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Faritus
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author: Seyedeh Zahra Faritus, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-2123921, Fax: +98-2122042026, E-mail:
| | - Mehrdad Khazaei Koohpar
- Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, Shahid Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Rasool Ferasatkish
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heidar Hosseinnejad
- Department of Anesthesia, Shahrood Branch of Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
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