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Peng B, Wu XB, Zhang ZJ, Cao DL, Zhao LX, Wu H, Gao YJ. Anterior Cingulate Cortex Contributes to the Hyperlocomotion under Nitrogen Narcosis. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01278-z. [PMID: 39158823 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01278-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen narcosis is a neurological syndrome that manifests when humans or animals encounter hyperbaric nitrogen, resulting in a range of motor, emotional, and cognitive abnormalities. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is known for its significant involvement in regulating motivation, cognition, and action. However, its specific contribution to nitrogen narcosis-induced hyperlocomotion and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we report that exposure to hyperbaric nitrogen notably increased the locomotor activity of mice in a pressure-dependent manner. Concurrently, this exposure induced heightened activation among neurons in both the ACC and dorsal medial striatum (DMS). Notably, chemogenetic inhibition of ACC neurons effectively suppressed hyperlocomotion. Conversely, chemogenetic excitation lowered the hyperbaric pressure threshold required to induce hyperlocomotion. Moreover, both chemogenetic inhibition and genetic ablation of activity-dependent neurons within the ACC reduced the hyperlocomotion. Further investigation revealed that ACC neurons project to the DMS, and chemogenetic inhibition of ACC-DMS projections resulted in a reduction in hyperlocomotion. Finally, nitrogen narcosis led to an increase in local field potentials in the theta frequency band and a decrease in the alpha frequency band in both the ACC and DMS. These results collectively suggest that excitatory neurons within the ACC, along with their projections to the DMS, play a pivotal role in regulating the hyperlocomotion induced by exposure to hyperbaric nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Peng
- Medical School, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wu
- Medical School, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- Medical School, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - De-Li Cao
- Medical School, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Lin-Xia Zhao
- Medical School, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yong-Jing Gao
- Medical School, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226019, China.
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Chen QY, Zhuo M. Anterior cingulate cortex and insomnia: A cingulate-striatum connection. Neuron 2024; 112:1202-1204. [PMID: 38636453 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Insomnia is an important comorbidity of chronic pain. In this issue of Neuron, Li et al. report that chronic-pain-induced insomnia is mediated by the pyramidal neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex and their dopaminergic projections to the dorsal medial striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yu Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China; Zhuomin Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Min Zhuo
- Zhuomin Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Cruz AS, Cruz S, Remondes M. Effects of optogenetic silencing the anterior cingulate cortex in a delayed non-match to trajectory task. OXFORD OPEN NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 3:kvae002. [PMID: 38595941 PMCID: PMC10939314 DOI: 10.1093/oons/kvae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Working memory is a fundamental cognitive ability, allowing us to keep information in memory for the time needed to perform a given task. A complex neural circuit fulfills these functions, among which is the anterior cingulate cortex (CG). Functionally and anatomically connected to the medial prefrontal, retrosplenial, midcingulate and hippocampus, as well as motor cortices, CG has been implicated in retrieving appropriate information when needed to select and control appropriate behavior. The role of cingulate cortex in working memory-guided behaviors remains unclear due to the lack of studies reversibly interfering with its activity during specific epochs of working memory. We used eNpHR3.0 to silence cingulate neurons while animals perform a standard delayed non-match to trajectory task, and found that, while not causing an absolute impairment in working memory, silencing cingulate neurons during retrieval decreases the mean performance if compared to silencing during encoding. Such retrieval-associated changes are accompanied by longer delays observed when light is delivered to control animals, when compared to eNpHR3.0+ ones, consistent with an adaptive recruitment of additional cognitive resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S Cruz
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Sara Cruz
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Miguel Remondes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon 1749-024, Portugal
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Qiu XT, Guo C, Ma LT, Li XN, Zhang QY, Huang FS, Zhang MM, Bai Y, Liang GB, Li YQ. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of the anterior cingulate cortex in neuropathic pain model rats. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1164426. [PMID: 37396788 PMCID: PMC10311218 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1164426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropathic pain (NP) takes a heavy toll on individual life quality, yet gaps in its molecular characterization persist and effective therapy is lacking. This study aimed to provide comprehensive knowledge by combining transcriptomic and proteomic data of molecular correlates of NP in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a cortical hub responsible for affective pain processing. Methods The NP model was established by spared nerve injury (SNI) in Sprague-Dawley rats. RNA sequencing and proteomic data from the ACC tissue isolated from sham and SNI rats 2 weeks after surgery were integrated to compare their gene and protein expression profiles. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to figure out the functions and signaling pathways of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) enriched in. Results Transcriptomic analysis identified a total of 788 DEGs (with 49 genes upregulated) after SNI surgery, while proteomic analysis found 222 DEPs (with 89 proteins upregulated). While Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses of the DEGs suggested that most of the altered genes were involved in synaptic transmission and plasticity, bioinformatics analysis of the DEPs revealed novel critical pathways associated with autophagy, mitophagy, and peroxisome. Notably, we noticed functionally important NP-related changes in the protein that occurred in the absence of corresponding changes at the level of transcription. Venn diagram analysis of the transcriptomic and proteomic data identified 10 overlapping targets, among which only three genes (XK-related protein 4, NIPA-like domain-containing 3, and homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 3) showed concordance in the directions of change and strong correlations between mRNA and protein levels. Conclusion The present study identified novel pathways in the ACC in addition to confirming previously reported mechanisms for NP etiology, and provided novel mechanistic insights for future research on NP treatment. These findings also imply that mRNA profiling alone fails to provide a complete landscape of molecular pain in the ACC. Therefore, explorations of changes at the level of protein are necessary to understand NP processes that are not transcriptionally modulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Tong Qiu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Preclinical School of Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Li-Tian Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin-Ning Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi-Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Fen-Sheng Huang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ming-Ming Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Preclinical School of Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Guo-Biao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun-Qing Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Preclinical School of Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
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Jesús Trujillo M, Ilarraz C, Kasanetz F. Plasticity of cortico-striatal neurons of the caudal anterior cingulate cortex during experimental neuropathic pain. Neuroscience 2023:S0306-4522(23)00230-0. [PMID: 37236391 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Maladaptive neuronal plasticity is a main mechanism for the development and maintenance of pathological pain. Affective, motivational and cognitive deficits that are comorbid with pain involve cellular and synaptic modifications in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a major brain mediator of pain perception. Here we use a model of neuropathic pain (NP) in male mice and ex-vivo electrophysiology to investigate whether layer 5 caudal ACC (cACC) neurons projecting to the dorsomedial striatum (DMS), a critical region for motivational regulation of behavior, are involved in aberrant neuronal plasticity. We found that while the intrinsic excitability of cortico-striatal cACC neurons (cACC-CS) was preserved in NP animals, excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP) induced after stimulation of distal inputs were enlarged. The highest synaptic responses were evident both after single stimuli and in each of the EPSP that compose responses to trains of stimuli, and were accompanied by increased synaptically-driven action potentials. EPSP temporal summation was intact in ACC-CS neurons from NP mice, suggesting that the plastic changes were not due to alterations in dendritic integration but rather through synaptic mechanisms. These results demonstrate for the first time that NP affects cACC neurons that project to the DMS and reinforce the notion that maladaptive plasticity of the cortico-striatal pathway may be a key factor in sustaining pathological pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Trujillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Grupo de Neurociencia de Sistemas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO Houssay), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Constanza Ilarraz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Grupo de Neurociencia de Sistemas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO Houssay), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Kasanetz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Grupo de Neurociencia de Sistemas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO Houssay), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Li S, Feng X, Bian H. Optogenetics: Emerging strategies for neuropathic pain treatment. Front Neurol 2022; 13:982223. [PMID: 36536805 PMCID: PMC9758006 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.982223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic health condition that presents a significant burden on patients, society, and even healthcare systems. However, in recent years, an emerging field in the treatment of neuropathic pain - optogenetic technology has dawned, heralding a new era in the field of medicine, and which has brought with it unlimited possibilities for studying the mechanism of NP and the treatment of research. Optogenetics is a new and growing field that uses the combination of light and molecular genetics for the first time ever. This rare combination is used to control the activity of living cells by expressing photosensitive proteins to visualize signaling events and manipulate cell activity. The treatments for NP are limited and have hardly achieved the desirable efficacy. NP differs from other types of pain, such as nociceptive pain, in that the treatments for NP are far more complex and highly challenging for clinical practice. This review presents the background of optogenetics, current applications in various fields, and the findings of optogenetics in NP. It also elaborates on the basic concepts of neuropathy, therapeutic applications, and the potential of optogenetics from the bench to the bedside in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui Bian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Lan X, Niu X, Bai WX, Li HN, Zhu XY, Ma WJ, Li JL, Dun WH, Zhang M, He J. The functional connectivity of the basal ganglia subregions changed in mid-aged and young males with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:1013425. [PMID: 36248695 PMCID: PMC9563619 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1013425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Basal ganglia (BG) played a crucial role in the brain-level mechanisms of chronic pain disorders. However, the functional changes of BG in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) are still poorly understood. This study investigated the BG subregions’ resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in CP/CPPS patients compared with healthy controls. Methods Twenty eight patients with CP/CPPS and 28 age- and education-matched healthy males underwent clinical measurements and 3T brain MR imaging, including T1-weighted structural images and resting-state functional imaging. The data were analyzed by the seeded-based rs-FC analysis. Then, a machine learning method was applied to assess the feasibility of detecting CP/CPPS patients through the changed rs-FC. Results Compared with healthy males, patients presented decreased rs-FC between the BG subregions and right middle cingulate cortex, and correlated with pain (r = 0.51, p-uncorrected = 0.005) and urinary symptoms (r = –0.4, p-uncorrected = 0.034). The left superior temporal gyrus and right supramarginal gyrus showed decreased rs-FC with the BG subregions as well. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.943 (accuracy = 80%, F1-score = 80.6%) was achieved for the classification of CP/CPPS patients and healthy males with support vector machine (SVM) based on the changed rs-FC. Conclusion These findings provide evidence of altered BG subregions’ rs-FC in CP/CPPS, which may contribute to our understanding of the BG’s role in CP/CPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xuan Niu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei-Xian Bai
- Department of Medical Imaging, Xi’an No.3 Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Hai-Ning Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin-Yi Zhu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wen-Jun Ma
- Department of Urology, Xi’an No.3 Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Jian-Long Li
- Department of Urology, Xi’an No.3 Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Wang-Huan Dun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Zhang,
| | - Juan He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Juan He,
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Neyama H, Nishiyori M, Cui Y, Watanabe Y, Ueda H. Lysophosphatidic acid receptor type-1 mediates brain activation in micro-Positron Emission Tomography analysis in a fibromyalgia-like mouse model. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4224-4233. [PMID: 35666711 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The intermittent cold stress-induced generalized pain response mimics the pathophysiological and pharmacotherapeutic features reported for fibromyalgia patients, including the presence of chronic generalized pain and female dominance. In addition, the intermittent cold stress-induced generalized pain is abolished in lysophosphatidic acid receptor type-1 knockout mice, as reported in many cases of neuropathic pain models. This study aimed to identify the brain loci involved in the intermittent cold stress generalized pain response and test their dependence on the lysophosphatidic acid receptor type-1. Positron emission tomography analyses using 2-deoxy-2-[18 F]fluoro-D-glucose in the presence of a pain stimulus showed that intermittent cold stress causes a significant increase in uptake in the ipsilateral regions, including the salience networking-related anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex and the cognition-related hippocampus. A significant decrease was observed in the default mode network-related posterior cingulate cortex. Almost these intermittent cold stress-induced changes were abolished in lysophosphatidic acid receptor type-1 knockout mice. There results suggest that the intermittent cold stress-induced generalized pain response is mediated by the lysophosphatidic acid receptor type-1 in specific brain loci related to salience networking and cognition, which may lead to further developments in the treatment of fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Neyama
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Nagasaki University Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Laboratory for Biofunction Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Michiko Nishiyori
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Nagasaki University Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yilong Cui
- Laboratory for Biofunction Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Pathophysiological and Health Science, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Nagasaki University Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Laboratory for the Study of Pain, Research Institute for Production Development, Kyoto, Japan
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Guo F, Du Y, Qu FH, Lin SD, Chen Z, Zhang SH. Dissecting the Neural Circuitry for Pain Modulation and Chronic Pain: Insights from Optogenetics. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:440-452. [PMID: 35249185 PMCID: PMC9068856 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00835-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage. The processing of pain involves complicated modulation at the levels of the periphery, spinal cord, and brain. The pathogenesis of chronic pain is still not fully understood, which makes the clinical treatment challenging. Optogenetics, which combines optical and genetic technologies, can precisely intervene in the activity of specific groups of neurons and elements of the related circuits. Taking advantage of optogenetics, researchers have achieved a body of new findings that shed light on the cellular and circuit mechanisms of pain transmission, pain modulation, and chronic pain both in the periphery and the central nervous system. In this review, we summarize recent findings in pain research using optogenetic approaches and discuss their significance in understanding the pathogenesis of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Feng-Hui Qu
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shi-Da Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Shi-Hong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Elina KC, Moon HC, Islam J, Kim HK, Park YS. The Effect of Optogenetic Inhibition of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Neuropathic Pain Following Sciatic Nerve Injury. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:638-650. [PMID: 32808249 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01685-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cortical disinhibition is the underlying pathological alteration contributing to neuropathic pain associated with peripheral nerve injury. Nerve injury resulting in disinhibition of the anterior cingulate cortex has been reported. However, the effect of optogenetic inhibition of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) on the sensory component of nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain has not been well studied. To investigate the feasibility of optogenetic ACC modulation, we injected an optogenetic virus or a null virus into the ACC of a nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain model. The unilateral ACC was modulated, and the optogenetic effect was measured by mechanical and thermal sensitivity tests. The assessment was performed in "pre-light off," "stimulation-yellow light on," and "post-light off" states. Optogenetic inhibition of the ACC in injury models revealed improved mechanical and thermal latencies with profound pain-relieving effects against nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. The sensory thalamic discharge in electrophysiological in vivo recordings was also altered during laser stimulation. This finding indicates that hyperactivity of the ACC in nerve injury increases output to the spinothalamic tract through direct or indirect pathways. The direct photoinhibition of ACC neurons could play a vital role in restoring equilibrium and provide novel insight into techniques that can assuage peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Elina
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyeong Cheol Moon
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, 1 Sunhwanro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-Si, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Jaisan Islam
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyong Kyu Kim
- Department of Medical and Microbiology, College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Young Seok Park
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, 1 Sunhwanro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-Si, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea.
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