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El-Kishky AHM, Moussa N, Helmy MW, Haroun M. GANT61/BI-847325 combination: a new hope in lung cancer treatment. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:144. [PMID: 35834029 PMCID: PMC9283175 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the huge efforts employed to implement novel chemotherapeutic paradigms for lung cancer, the disease still remains a major concern worldwide. Targeting molecular pathways as Hedgehog (Hh) and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) represent a new hope in lung cancer treatment. This work was undertaken to evaluate the antitumor effects of GANT61 (5 μM), BI-847325(30 μM), and GANT61 (5 μM)/BI-847325(30 μM) combination on A549 adenocarcinoma lung cancer cell line. The growth inhibition 50 (GI50) for both drugs was performed using MTT. The protein levels of Caspase-3, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (MCL-1), cyclin D1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), p-Akt, and phosphohistone H3 (pHH3) were measured using ELISA. Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1(Gli1) gene expression was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. The GI50 for GANT61 and BI-8473255 were 5 µM and 30 µM, respectively. Caspase-3 and Bax protein levels were significantly elevated while MCL-1, cyclin D1, VEGF, ERK 1/2, p-Akt, and pHH3 levels were significantly reduced by both drugs and their combination relative to the control group. Gli1 gene expression was down-regulated in all groups relative to the control group. GANT61, BI-847325 and their combination inhibited proliferation and angiogenesis but activated the apoptotic pathway. Both drugs conferred a profound negative impact on the crosstalk between each of Hh and MAPK pathways and Phosphoinositide 3 -kinases (PI3K)/Akt/Mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR). To the best of our knowledge, the antitumor effects of BI-847325/GANT61 combination have not been tested before. Further in-vitro and in-vivo studies are warranted to support the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Halim M El-Kishky
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nermine Moussa
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Maged W Helmy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
| | - Medhat Haroun
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Bianco A, D'Agnano V, Matera MG, Della Gravara L, Perrotta F, Rocco D. Immune checkpoint inhibitors: a new landscape for extensive stage small cell lung cancer treatment. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:1415-1425. [PMID: 34374626 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1964362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Landscape of Extensive Stage (ES)-SCLC treatment has been unchanged over the years. Chemotherapy, mostly based on cisplatin and etoposide, remained the standard-of-care for patients with ES-SCLC for almost 40 years. Recently, immune check points inhibitors have emerged marking a turning point for ES-SCLC treatmentAreas covered: Aim of the paper is to discuss ICIs impact on ES-SCLC treatment algorithms, review current clinical trials, and explore future perspectives.Expert opinion: A growing body of evidence supports ICI-containing regimens as a new mainstay of ES-SCLC treatment. Whether subgroups of SCLC patients may have greater survival benefits from ICIs treatment needs to be better defined. Understanding the impact of tumor microenvironment and identifying reliable predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers will be fundamental to move toward a personalized treatment approach leading to improved survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bianco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy.,Department of Pneumology and Oncology- A.o Dei Colli - Monaldi Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vito D'Agnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy.,Department of Pneumology and Oncology- A.o Dei Colli - Monaldi Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Matera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Della Gravara
- Department of Pneumology and Oncology- A.o Dei Colli - Monaldi Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Perrotta
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Danilo Rocco
- Department of Pneumology and Oncology- A.o Dei Colli - Monaldi Hospital, Napoli, Italy
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Guo W, Sun S, Guo L, Song P, Xue X, Zhang H, Zhang G, Wang Z, Qiu B, Tan F, Xue Q, Gao Y, Gao S, He J. Elevated TOP2A and UBE2C expressions correlate with poor prognosis in patients with surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma: a study based on immunohistochemical analysis and bioinformatics. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:821-841. [PMID: 32103339 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03147-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality among all cancer types. Reliable prognostic biomarkers are needed to identify high-risk patients apart from TNM system for precision medicine. The present study is designed to identify robust prognostic biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) based on integration of multiple GEO datasets, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) database. METHODS Four LUAD GEO datasets (GSE10072, GSE2514, GSE43458, and GSE32863) and TCGA database were implemented to analyze the differently expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology, KEGG pathway, and protein-protein interaction network (PPI) were conducted based on the above DEGs. Hub genes were selected based on connectivity degree in the PPI network. Expression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were conducted in CPTAC lung adenocarcinomas cohort. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed on these hub genes using TCGA and our own cohort. RESULTS A total of 430 shared genes in all five datasets were identified as DEGs. Based on their PPI network, nine hub genes were selected and all of them were significantly associated with overall survival using GEPIA analysis. Two hub genes, TOP2A and UBE2C, were further combined and showed poorer prognosis in both TCGA dataset and our validated cohort. Analysis in CPTAC revealed that TOP2A and UBE2C were significantly highly expressed in tumor sample. Multivariable analysis suggested TOP2A and UBE2C as independent prognostic factors in LUAD. CONCLUSION Using data mining approach, we identified TOP2A and UBE2C as two robust prognostic factors in LUAD. We also demonstrated the TOP2A/UBE2C co-expression status in LUAD, and TOP2A/UBE2C co-expression correlated with poorer prognosis. More in-depth research is needed for transforming this result into clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Sijin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Guochao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China.
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuannanli No. 17, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, The People's Republic of China.
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Pectolinarigenin inhibits non‑small cell lung cancer progression by regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:3458-3468. [PMID: 30542737 PMCID: PMC6196644 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the principal cause of cancer-associated mortality. Pectolinarigenin (Pec) reportedly has effective antitumor activity against certain cancer types. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a well-known tumor suppressor and serves a vital role in cancer progression. However, the effect of Pec on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation and metastasis, and the underlying mechanism, has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, it was demonstrated that Pec inhibited the proliferation of A549 and Calu-3 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. The apoptosis rate significantly increased with increasing doses of Pec. Apoptosis-associated protein expression was additionally altered by Pec exposure. Pec was able to suppress the metastasis of NSCLC cells; it upregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of E-cadherin, and downregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of vimentin. Additionally, Pec was able to activate PTEN and subsequently downregulate the PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. In summary, Pec was able to inhibit cell proliferation, promote apoptosis and suppress metastasis in NSCLC cells through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, indicating that Pec is a potential agent for NSCLC therapy.
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Petrella F, Rimoldi I, Facchetti G, Spaggiari L. Novel platinum agents and mesenchymal stromal cells for thoracic malignancies: state of the art and future perspectives. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2018; 28:813-821. [PMID: 30246568 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2018.1528234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-small cell lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma represent two of the most intriguing and scrutinized thoracic malignancies, presenting interesting perspectives of experimental development and clinical applications. AREAS COVERED In advanced non-small cell lung cancer, molecular targeted therapy is the standard first-line treatment for patients with identified driver mutations; on the other hand, chemotherapy is the standard treatment for patients without EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangement or those with unknown mutation status. Once considered an ineffective therapy in pulmonary neoplasms, immunotherapy has been now established as one of the most promising therapeutic options. Mesenchymal stromal cells are able to migrate specifically toward solid neoplasms and their metastatic localizations when injected intravenously. This peculiar cancer tropism has opened up an emerging field to use them as vectors to deliver antineoplastic drugs for targeted therapies. EXPERT OPINION Molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy are the new alternatives to standard chemotherapy. Mesenchymal stromal cells are a new promising tool in oncology and-although not yet utilized in the clinical practice, we think they will represent another main tool for cancer therapy and will probably play a leading role in the field of nanovectors and molecular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Petrella
- a Department of Thoracic Surgery , European Institute of Oncology , Milan , Italy.,b Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Isabella Rimoldi
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Giorgio Facchetti
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spaggiari
- a Department of Thoracic Surgery , European Institute of Oncology , Milan , Italy.,b Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
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