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Savchenko L, Kramar S, Todua N, Marsal D, Kang R, Swiader A, Pizzinat N, Kunduzova O. Galanin Coordinates Macrophage-Associated Fibro-Inflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Integrity in Myocardial Infarction Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6211. [PMID: 38892398 PMCID: PMC11173246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction activates an intense fibro-inflammatory reaction that is essential for cardiac remodeling and heart failure (HF). Bioactive peptide galanin plays a critical role in regulating cardiovascular homeostasis; however, its specific functional relevance in post-infarction fibro-inflammatory reprogramming remains obscure. Here, we show that galanin coordinates the fibro-inflammatory trajectory and mitochondrial integrity in post-infarction reperfusion injury. Aberrant deposition of collagen was associated with a marked increase in CD68-positive macrophage infiltration in cardiac tissue in mice subjected to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) for 14 days compared to sham controls. Furthermore, we found that the myocardial expression level of a specific marker of M2 macrophages, CD206, was significantly down-regulated in I/R-challenged mice. In contrast, galanin treatment started during the reperfusion phase blunted the fibro-inflammatory responses and promoted the expression of CD206 in I/R-remodeled hearts. In addition, we found that the anti-apoptotic and anti-hypertrophic effects of galanin were associated with the preservation of mitochondrial integrity and promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis. These findings depict galanin as a key arbitrator of fibro-inflammatory responses to cardiac I/R injury and offer a promising therapeutic trajectory for the treatment of post-infarct cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesia Savchenko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Poltava State Medical University, 23 Shevchenko, 36000 Poltava, Ukraine;
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Paul Sabatier University, Cedex4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.K.); (N.T.); (D.M.); (R.K.); (A.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Solomiia Kramar
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Paul Sabatier University, Cedex4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.K.); (N.T.); (D.M.); (R.K.); (A.S.); (N.P.)
- Histology and Embryology Department, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Nika Todua
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Paul Sabatier University, Cedex4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.K.); (N.T.); (D.M.); (R.K.); (A.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Dimitri Marsal
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Paul Sabatier University, Cedex4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.K.); (N.T.); (D.M.); (R.K.); (A.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Ryeonshi Kang
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Paul Sabatier University, Cedex4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.K.); (N.T.); (D.M.); (R.K.); (A.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Audrey Swiader
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Paul Sabatier University, Cedex4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.K.); (N.T.); (D.M.); (R.K.); (A.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Nathalie Pizzinat
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Paul Sabatier University, Cedex4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.K.); (N.T.); (D.M.); (R.K.); (A.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Oksana Kunduzova
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Paul Sabatier University, Cedex4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.K.); (N.T.); (D.M.); (R.K.); (A.S.); (N.P.)
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Yuan LL, Chen TY, Huang ZQ. Effects of paroxetine hydrochloride combined with idebenone on inflammatory factors and antioxidant molecules in treatment of depression after ischemic stroke. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:17-22. [PMID: 36694748 PMCID: PMC9843014 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.1.5679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the effects of paroxetine hydrochloride combined with idebenone on inflammatory factors and antioxidant molecules in the treatment of depression after ischemic stroke. Methods Randomized controlled trial was adopted on 80 patients with depression after ischemic stroke were randomly divided into two groups, with 40 patients in each group at Xingtai Sanli Health Quannan Clinic from March 17, 2019 to December 20, 2021. Both groups were given basic treatment. On this basis, the control group was treated with paroxetine hydrochloride, while the study group was treated with paroxetine hydrochloride combined with idebenone. The clinical efficacy was evaluated using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) before and after treatment. Additionally, the difference in HRSD score after treatment and the improvement in inflammatory factors and antioxidant molecules were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results After treatment, the HRSD score of the study group was significantly improved compared with that of the control group (p= 0.00). The effective rate was 82.5% in the study group, which was significantly higher than 62.5% in the control group (p= 0.04). After treatment, TNF-a, CRP and IL-6 in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p= 0.00). Serum SOD, TAC and CAT levels in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment (SOD and TAC, p= 0.00; CAT, p= 0.01). The incidence of adverse reactions was 37.5% in the study group and 25% in the control group. Although the incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was higher than that in the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.23). Conclusion Paroxetine hydrochloride combined with idebenone in the treatment of depression after ischemic stroke can significantly improve HRSD score, enhance clinical efficacy, reduce the levels of inflammatory factors, and increase the levels of antioxidant factors, without a significant increase in adverse reactions. Therefore, it is a safe and effective treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-li Yuan
- Li-li Yuan, Xingtai Sanli Health Quannan Clinic, Xingtai 054001, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Tian-yu Chen
- Tian-yu Chen, Applied Psychology Major of Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-qiang Huang
- Zhi-qiang Huang Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai 054001, Hebei, P. R. China
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Oliveira Volpe CM, Vaz T, Rocha-Silva F, Villar-Delfino PH, Nogueira-Machado JA. Is Galanin a Promising Therapeutic Resource for Neural and Nonneural Diseases? Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:922-929. [PMID: 32096740 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200225112055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galanin (GAL) constitutes a family of neuropeptides composed of four peptides: (i) galanin (GAL), (ii) galanin-message associated peptide (GAMP), (iii) galanin-like peptide (GALP), and (iv) alarin. GAL contains 29/30 amino acids, and its biological action occurs through the interactions with its various receptors (GALR1, GALR2, and GALR3). The neuropeptide GAL regulates several physiological and pathophysiological functions in the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and the peripheral organs. GAL is secreted mainly by oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and the gastrointestinal tract, and its effect depends on the interaction with its different receptors. These receptors are expressed mainly in the central, peripheral nervous systems and the intestines. OBJECTIVE The present review evaluates the role of GAL family in inflammatory diseases. An overview is given of the signaling and pharmacological effects due to the interaction between GAL and GALR in different cell types. The potential use of GAL as a therapeutic resource is critically discussed. CONCLUSION GAL is suggested to have an anti-inflammatory function in some situations and a proinflammatory function in others. The literature on GAL is controversial and currently not conclusive. This could be due to the complexity of the metabolic network signaling induced by the interactions between GAL and GALR. In the next future, GAL might be a promising therapeutic resource for several diseases, but its practical use for disease control is presently not advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Maria Oliveira Volpe
- Nucleo de Pos-Graduacao e Pesquisa, Hospital Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Rua Domingos Vieira 590, Santa Efigenia, 30150-240, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Vaz
- Nucleo de Pos-Graduacao e Pesquisa, Hospital Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Rua Domingos Vieira 590, Santa Efigenia, 30150-240, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Rocha-Silva
- Nucleo de Pos-Graduacao e Pesquisa, Hospital Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Rua Domingos Vieira 590, Santa Efigenia, 30150-240, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Villar-Delfino
- Nucleo de Pos-Graduacao e Pesquisa, Hospital Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Rua Domingos Vieira 590, Santa Efigenia, 30150-240, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Nogueira-Machado
- Nucleo de Pos-Graduacao e Pesquisa, Hospital Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Rua Domingos Vieira 590, Santa Efigenia, 30150-240, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Hong S, Xin Y, JiaWen W, ShuQin Z, GuiLian Z, HaiQin W, Zhen G, HongWei R, YongNan L. The P2X7 receptor in activated microglia promotes depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in lithium -pilocarpine induced epileptic rats. Neurochem Int 2020; 138:104773. [PMID: 32531197 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Depressive and anxious behaviors are the most common psychiatric symptoms of epilepsy, and may aggravate the epileptic condition and affect the patient's quality of life. Accumulating data obtained from both experimental animal models and patients have convincingly shown a critical role of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) during depression and anxiety. Our study showed for the first time that the P2X7R is involved in promoting depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in lithium pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats. More importantly, direct anti-depressive and anti-anxiety effects were produced by the P2X7R antagonist Brilliant Blue G (BBG) is in this study, and the effect was similar to that of the classic anti-depressant and anti-anxiety drug fluoxetine. We also found that BBG did not affect the development of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) and had a neuroprotective effect via inhibition of microglial activation after status epilepticus (SE). Thus, our data provide evidence that the P2X7R in activated microglia promotes depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in lithium-pilocarpine induced epileptic rats. Since previous studies have indicated that some anti-depression and anti-anxiety drugs may exacerbate seizures, our data support that the P2X7R is a promising therapeutic target for epilepsy associated with depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yu Xin
- Department of Neurology, People's Liberation Army 401 Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Wu JiaWen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhan ShuQin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhang GuiLian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wu HaiQin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Gao Zhen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Reng HongWei
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li YongNan
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
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