1
|
Yao B, Wang FH, Han XN, Yang J, Xue P, Qi Q, Wei GY, Xing JY. Esmolol increases the fecal abundance of Lactobacillus in a rat model of sepsis. Intensive Care Med Exp 2024; 12:22. [PMID: 38433148 PMCID: PMC10909807 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-023-00589-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disorders of the gut microbiome could be responsible for the progression of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. In this study, we examined the effect of esmolol on the gut microbiome in a rat model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). METHODS The animals (n = 32) were randomly divided into 3 groups: Sham group (sham operation + normal saline treatment, n = 8), CLP group (cecal ligation and puncture + normal saline treatment, n = 12), and CLP + ESM group (cecal ligation and puncture + esmolol treatment, n = 12). After 24 h, feces in the colon were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and nitric oxide analysis. In addition, colon was removed for immunohistochemical staining of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). RESULTS Four rats in the CLP group and two rats in the CLP + ESM group died. The abundance of Lactobacillus in the CLP + ESM group was higher than CLP group (P = 0.048). In the linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis, Norank f Muribaculaceae, Escherichia-Shigella and Lactobacillus were the predominant bacteria in the Sham group, CLP group and CLP + ESM group, respectively. The iNOS expression in colonocytes stained by brown in the CLP group were much more than Sham group (P = 0.001). Compared to CLP group, the iNOS expression in colonocytes reduced after esmolol treatment (P = 0.013). The concentration of nitric oxide in colon feces was different in Sham group, CLP group and CLP + ESM group (1.31 ± 0.15μmmol/l vs. 1.98 ± 0.27μmmol/l vs. 1.51 ± 0.14μmmol/l, P = 0.001). In addition, the concentration of nitric oxide in CLP group was higher than Sham group (P = 0.001) or CLP + ESM group (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Esmolol increased the fecal abundance of Lactobacillus in a rat model of sepsis. Moreover, esmolol reduced the iNOS expression of colonocytes and the nitric oxide concentration of colon feces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yao
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 26600, China.
| | - Fu-Hua Wang
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 26600, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Han
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 26600, China
| | - Jun Yang
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 26600, China
| | - Ping Xue
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 26600, China
| | - Qi Qi
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 26600, China
| | - Guang-Yao Wei
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 26600, China
| | - Jin-Yan Xing
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 26600, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zou Z, Yu J, Huang R, Yu J. Cx43-Delivered miR-181b Negatively Regulates Sirt1/FOXO3a Signalling Pathway-Mediated Apoptosis on Intestinal Injury in Sepsis. Digestion 2023; 104:370-380. [PMID: 37231890 DOI: 10.1159/000529102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gap junctions can transmit signals between cells, including miRNAs, leading to the amplification of adjacent cell damage. No previous study has addressed gap junctions and miRNAs in sepsis because the internal mechanism of sepsis-induced intestinal injury is complex. Therefore, we studied the relationship between connexin43 (Cx43) and miR-181b and provided a research direction for further study of sepsis. METHODS A mouse caecal ligation and puncture method was used to construct a mouse sepsis model. Firstly, damage to intestinal tissues at different time points was analysed. The levels of Cx43, miR-181b, Sirt1, and FOXO3a in intestinal tissues and the transcription and translation of the apoptosis-related genes Bim and puma, which are downstream of FOXO3a were analysed. Secondly, the effect of Cx43 levels on miR-181b and Sirt1/FOXO3a signalling pathway activity was explored by using the Cx43 inhibitor heptanol. Finally, luciferase assays were used to determine miR-181b binding to the predicted target sequence. RESULTS The results show that during sepsis, intestinal injury becomes increasingly worse with time, and the expression of Cx43 and miR-181b increase. In addition, we found that heptanol could significantly reduce intestinal injury. This finding indicates that inhibiting Cx43 regulates the transfer of miR-181b between adjacent cells, thereby reducing the activity of the Sirt1/FOXO3a signalling pathway and reducing the degree of intestinal injury during sepsis. CONCLUSIONS In sepsis, the enhancement of Cx43 gap junctions leads to an increase in miR-181b intercellular transfer, affects the downstream SIRT1/FOXO3a signalling pathway and causes cell and tissue damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renli Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuang ZS, Leng YX, Yang N, Li ZQ, Zong YN, Han DY, Li Y, He JD, Mi XN, Cong ZK, Zhu X, Wu CY, Guo XY. Inhibition of visfatin alleviates sepsis-induced intestinal damage by inhibiting Hippo signaling pathway. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:911-922. [PMID: 35731253 PMCID: PMC9307557 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01593-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to investigate role of Visfatin, one of the pro-inflammatory adipokines, in sepsis-induced intestinal injury and to clarify the potential mechanism. Methods C57BL/6 mice underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery to establish sepsis model in vivo. Intestinal epithelial cells were stimulated with LPS to mimic sepsis-induced intestinal injury in vitro. FK866 (the inhibitor of Visfatin) with or without XMU-MP-1 (the inhibitor of Hippo signaling) was applied for treatment. The expression levels of Visfatin, NF-κB and Hippo signaling pathways-related proteins were detected by western blot or immunohistochemistry. The intestinal cell apoptosis and intestinal injury were investigated by TUNEL staining and H&E staining, respectively. ELISA was used to determine the production of inflammatory cytokines. Results The expression of Visfatin increased in CLP mice. FK866 reduced intestinal pathological injury, inflammatory cytokines production, and intestinal cell apoptosis in sepsis mice. Meanwhile, FK866 affected NF-κB and Hippo signaling pathways. Additionally, the effects of FK866 on inflammatory response, apoptosis, Hippo signaling and NF-κB signaling were partly abolished by XMU-MP-1, the inhibitor of Hippo signaling. In vitro experiments also revealed that FK866 exhibited a protective role against LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in intestinal cells, as well as regulating NF-κB and Hippo signaling, whereas addition of XMU-MP-1 weakened the protective effects of FK866. Conclusion In short, this study demonstrated that inhibition of Visfatin might alleviate sepsis-induced intestinal injury through Hippo signaling pathway, supporting a further research on Visfatin as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Shen Kuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu-Xin Leng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zheng-Qian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | | | - Yue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jin-Dan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xing-Ning Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhu-Kai Cong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiang-Yang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ruan D, Wang Y, Li S, Zhang C, Zheng W, Yu C. Nalbuphine alleviates inflammation by down-regulating NF-κB in an acute inflammatory visceral pain rat model. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:34. [PMID: 35642022 PMCID: PMC9158276 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nalbuphine can relieve patients’ inflammation response after surgery compared to other opioid drugs. However, its molecular mechanism has not been clear. Activation of NF-κB signaling pathway under oxidative stress and inflammation can maintain pain escalation. Methods We firstly investigated the effect of nalbuphine on writhing test and mechanical allodynia using a rat model of inflammatory visceral pain (acetic acid (AA) administrated). Cytokines (including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, and IL-6 in plasma were tested with ELISA technology. Expression levels of TNF-α, IκBα and p-NF-κB p65 at the spinal cord (L3–5) were measured by western blot or RT-qPCR. Results We found that the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) values of rats were reduced in the model group, while the numbers of writhing, levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in plasma, and p-NF-κB protein and its gene expressions in the lumbar spinal cord were up-regulated. Subcutaneously injection of nalbuphine (10 μg/kg) or PDTC (NF-κB inhibitor) attenuated acetic acid-induced inflammatory pain, and this was associated with reversal of up-regulated IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in both plasma and spinal cord. Furthermore, acetic acid increased p-NF-κB and TNF-α protein levels in the white matter of the spinal cord, which was attenuated by nalbuphine. These results suggested that nalbuphine can significantly ameliorate inflammatory pain via modulating the expression of NF-κB p65 as well as inflammation factors level in the spinal cord. Conclusion In conclusion, nalbuphine inhibits inflammation through down-regulating NF-κB pathway at the spinal cord in a rat model of inflammatory visceral pain. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40360-022-00573-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dijiao Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426 Songs North Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426 Songs North Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426 Songs North Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426 Songs North Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenwen Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426 Songs North Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 426 Songs North Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lescroart M, Pequignot B, Kimmoun A, Klein T, Levy B. Beta-blockers in septic shock: What is new? JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2:150-155. [PMID: 36789018 PMCID: PMC9923987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of beta(β)-blockers during septic shock aimed at countering peripheral adrenergic stress may be justified by the early reduction in deleterious effects resulting from sympathetic overactivation, and could improve the prognosis of patients in septic shock. Animal studies have demonstrated either a maintenance or increase in cardiac output (CO) despite the decrease in heart rate (HR) associated with improved myocardial performance. The mechanism by which β-blockers alter hemodynamics in septic shock is debated; however, preclinical and clinical data show that β-blockers are safe when started at a low dose. Recent publications (2019-2021) on adrenergic β1 receptor antagonists used in septic shock indicate that esmolol and landiolol should not be used in the early phase. While there is no optimal timing for their administration, a minimum of 12 h after the initiation of vasopressor therapy in stabilized euvolemic patients is a reasonable option. Patients should have a normal cardiac function, although a slight depression is compatible with landiolol use under hemodynamic monitoring. Slow titration in patients who remain tachycardic is preferable to rapid titration. When used to decrease HR, landiolol is also effective in reducing the incidence of new arrhythmias. Results of a well-performed and well-powered randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrating a positive effect on survival - or at least on hard surrogates such as the incidence/duration of organ failure - are pending.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Lescroart
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation Brabois, CHRU Nancy, Pôle Cardio-Médico-Chirurgical, University Hospital of Nancy-Brabois, Rue du Morvan, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,INSERM U1116, Faculté de Médecine, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Benjamin Pequignot
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation Brabois, CHRU Nancy, Pôle Cardio-Médico-Chirurgical, University Hospital of Nancy-Brabois, Rue du Morvan, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,INSERM U1116, Faculté de Médecine, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Antoine Kimmoun
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation Brabois, CHRU Nancy, Pôle Cardio-Médico-Chirurgical, University Hospital of Nancy-Brabois, Rue du Morvan, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,INSERM U1116, Faculté de Médecine, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Thomas Klein
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation Brabois, CHRU Nancy, Pôle Cardio-Médico-Chirurgical, University Hospital of Nancy-Brabois, Rue du Morvan, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,INSERM U1116, Faculté de Médecine, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Bruno Levy
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation Brabois, CHRU Nancy, Pôle Cardio-Médico-Chirurgical, University Hospital of Nancy-Brabois, Rue du Morvan, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,INSERM U1116, Faculté de Médecine, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France,Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France,Corresponding author: Bruno Levy, Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation Brabois, CHRU Nancy, Pôle Cardio-Médico-Chirurgical, University Hospital of Nancy-Brabois, Rue du Morvan, Vandœuvre-les-Nancy 54511, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhan L, Pu J, Zheng J, Hang S, Pang L, Dai M, Ji C. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg ameliorates lipopolysaccharide induced sepsis via repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112741. [PMID: 35217279 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sepsis causes excessive systemic inflammation and leads to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The intestine plays a key role in the occurrence and development of sepsis. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg (San ye qing, SYQ), a precious Chinese medicine, has been widely used for centuries due to its high traditional value, such as a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect. However, the role of SYQ in intestinal permeability during the development of sepsis needs to be discovered. METHODS Mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate intestinal mucosal barrier function damage in sepsis. Pathological section, inflammatory cytokines, tight junctions, cell apoptosis, and intestinal flora were detected to evaluate the protective effect of SYQ on intestinal mucosal barrier injury in LPS-induced septic mice. RESULTS The results showed that SYQ treatment obviously attenuated LPS-induced intestinal injury and reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Besides, SYQ also up-regulated the expressions of tight junctions, including Zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), Claudin-5, and Occludin along with a decreased in the levels of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and myosin light chain (MLC). In addition, SYQ down-regulated the expression of Bax/Bcl2 as well as that of cleaved caspase-3 to prevent the cells from undergoing apoptosis. Further, SYQ restored the diversity of the intestinal flora, increased the abundance of Firmicutes, and decreased the abundance of Bacteroidota. CONCLUSIONS The study indicated that SYQ exerted its protective effect on intestinal mucosal barrier injury in LPS-induced septic mice by reducing inflammatory response, improving the tight junction protein expression, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and adjusting the intestinal flora structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianghui Zhan
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Jinbao Pu
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Jingru Zheng
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Suni Hang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Lisha Pang
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Muhua Dai
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Chunlian Ji
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hou B, Cai K, Li Y, Hu C, Pu X. Evaluation of efficacy and safety of esmolol in treating patients with septic shock: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29124. [PMID: 35421065 PMCID: PMC9276449 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In septic shock cases, tachycardia and a hyperdynamic hemodynamic profile are characteristics of the condition. It has been reported that using beta antagonist esmolol constitutes a form of treatment to reduce heart rate to improve diastolic filling time and elevate cardiac output, which reduces vasopressor support. Still, there are controversial results. Therefore, in this study, the primary objective is to perform a meta-analysis by systematically evaluating the efficiency and security of using esmolol to treat septic shocks. METHODS A systematic literature search for relevant randomized controlled trials that report evaluations on the efficiency and safety of using esmolol to treat septic shock patients from their inception to February 2022 will be conducted in three databases containing publications in Chinese language (WanFang, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and four databases containing English language publications (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE). The screening of the relevant studies will be performed by a pair of authors independently, and the screening involves examining the title, abstract and full-text stages, data extraction, and bias risk assessment. The results are summarized through the fixed-effects and random-effects models, the respective models will be utilized for data pooling according to the heterogeneity of studies that will be included. Moreover, publication bias is assessed if more than ten studies are considered. RESULTS The results are a high-quality synthesis of the most recent evidence for esmolol usage in septic shock treatment. CONCLUSION Up-to-date evidence will be provided through the results of this systematic review related to assessing the efficacy and safeness of esmolol usage in treating septic shock. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical permissions are not required as prepublished data are used. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/SKEZ7.
Collapse
|
8
|
Roflumilast prevents lymphotoxin α (TNF-β)-induced inflammation activation and degradation of type 2 collagen in chondrocytes. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:1191-1199. [PMID: 32990777 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease accompanied by severe inflammation. The inflammation activation in the chondrocytes and the degradation of the extracellular matrix were reported to be involved in the progress of OA. Roflumilast is a selective PDE4 inhibitor used for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and exerts significant anti-inflammation effects. The present study aims to investigate the effects of Roflumilast on tumor necrosis factor-β (TNF-β)-induced inflammation activation and degradation of type 2 collagen in chondrocytes. METHODS TNF-β was used to establish the in-vitro inflammation model on ATDC5 chondrocytes. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) and western blot were used to determine the expression level of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), type 2 collagen and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65. The release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), MMP-3, and MMP-13 were evaluated by ELISA. The production of NO was determined by DAF-FM DA staining and the function of the NF-κB promoter was evaluated by Luciferase activity assay. RESULTS TNFR2 and COX-2 were upregulated and the release of PGE2 was promoted by TNF-β stimulation, which were all inhibited by Roflumilast. Roflumilast suppressed the promoted iNOS expression and NO production induced by TNF-β. MMP-3 and MMP-13 were up-regulated, and type 2 collagen was down-regulated by TNF-β stimulation, which were all reversed by Roflumilast. Roflumilast inhibited the promoted releasing of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Interleukin-12 (IL-12), expression of up-regulated NF-κB, and activation of NF-κB transcriptional activity induced by TNF-β. CONCLUSION Roflumilast may prevent TNF-β-induced inflammation activation and degradation of type 2 collagen in chondrocytes.
Collapse
|