Dopamine antagonists for the treatment of drug addiction: PF-4363467 and related compounds

Drug addiction refers to an out-of-control and compulsive use of substances, which can reach epidemic magnitudes. It is a health concern throughout the world and has major economic impact. Dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists have been cited as molecular targets for the treatment of drug addiction. In this report, the main idea is to analyze the new D3R/D2R ligands that are proposed for the treatment of drug abuse, in terms of their electron donor/acceptor properties. Substances catalogued as agonists represent good electron donors, whereas antagonists represent good electron acceptors. HOMO and LUMO eigenvalues indicate that more energy is necessary to remove an electron from the antagonists, and likewise more energy is gained when antagonists accept an electron. The combination of two molecules (PF-592379 and PNU-177864) produces a new compound (PF-4363467) with properties that are intermediate. Irrespective of the characteristics of the receptor, the classification of ligands is important, in order to further understanding of the reaction mechanism of these compounds. This may help in the design of new molecules for the treatment of drug addiction.

Specioside (SS) & verminoside (VS) (Iridoid glycosides): isolation, characterization and comparable quantum chemical studies using density functional theory (DFT)

Two biologically important molecules specioside (SS) and verminoside (VS) have been isolated from the ethanolic extract of stem bark of Kigelia pinnata. We have explored the electronic and spectroscopic properties of these two molecules on the basis of the Density Function Theory (DFT) quantum chemical calculations along with the correlations of biological efficacies and the results are presented in this paper. The structures of the molecules were established with the help of spectroscopic techniques (¹H, ¹³C NMR, UV-VIS, FTIR) and chemical reactivity was compared by computed DFT theory using Becke3-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP)/6-31G (d,p) data basis set. UV-Visible spectrum was obtained using Time Dependent DFT method. Electric dipole moment, polarizability, first static hyper polarizability and hyper conjugative interactions were also studied with the aid of natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of these two compounds. The thermodynamic parameters of these compounds were determined at various temperatures. The HOMO, LUMO, chemical hardness (η), chemical potential (μ), electronegativity (χ), electrophilicity power (ω), the gap energy and NBO analysis of both the compounds have been discussed in this paper. Local reactivity was evaluated through the Fukui function i.