Relationship between immunohistochemical staining extent of CD47 and histopathologic features of bladder tumor

The biological roles of CD47 in ovarian cancer progression

Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal malignant tumors, characterized by high incidence and poor prognosis. Patients relapse occurred in 65-80% after initial treatment. To date, no effective treatment has been established for these patients. Recently, CD47 has been considered as a promising immunotherapy target. In this paper, we reviewed the biological roles of CD47 in ovarian cancer and summarized the related mechanisms. For most types of cancers, the CD47/Sirpα immune checkpoint has attracted the most attention in immunotherapy. Notably, CD47 monoclonal antibodies and related molecules are promising in the immunotherapy of ovarian cancer, and further research is needed. In the future, new immunotherapy regimens targeting CD47 can be applied to the clinical treatment of ovarian cancer patients.

Targeting the CD47-SIRPα Axis: Present Therapies and the Future for Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma

The loss of CD47 on aging cells serves as a signal to macrophages to eliminate the target. Therefore, CD47 is a "do-not-eat-me" sign preventing macrophagal phagocytosis via interaction with its ligand SIRPα. Malignant lymphocytes of mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome express CD47 highly, thus, being ideal candidates for targeted anti-CD47 therapies. The classes of current anti-CD47-SIRPα therapeutic molecules present in a large variety and include monoclonal antibodies against CD47 and SIRPα, bioengineered SIRPα proteins, miRNAs, and bispecific antibodies. We provided a detailed analysis of all available investigational drugs in a contest of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. A combination of blockade of the CD47-SIRPα axis and secondary targets in the tumor microenvironment (TME) may improve the clinical efficacy of current immunotherapeutic approaches. We evaluated the possible combination and outlined the most promising one.

Expression of CD47 in Endometrial Cancer and Its Clinicopathological Significance

Purpose. To study the prognostic value of CD47 in endometrial carcinoma (EC) and its correlation with clinicopathological variables. Methods. Next-generation sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas was analyzed with the Kaplan–Meier curve, Cox’s regression model, and ROC curve. A cohort of 544 specimens, including 344 cases of endometrial cancer, 92 cases of endometrial hyperplasia (EH), and 118 cases of normal endometrium (NE), were evaluated with immunohistochemistry and analyzed with statistical methods. Results. For TCGA data, CD47 expression in EC was considerably greater than in NE tissues. CD47 expression correlated significantly with age, clinical stage, histological grade, histological type, and menopause status. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox’s regression model revealed that elevated CD47 expression was positively correlated with a poorer prognosis. ROC curve showed that CD47 had high specificity and sensitivity as an independent prognosis factor. In our cohort, CD47 expression was significantly stronger in EC than in NE. The strongly positive expression of CD47 could be observed in EC, but none was observed in NE. The CD47 expression rate ranked in descending order: atypical endometrium hyperplasia, complex endometrium hyperplasia, and simple endometrium hyperplasia. Atypical endometrium hyperplasia CD47 expression rate was much greater than either simple endometrium hyperplasia or complex endometrium hyperplasia. A substantial connection existed amongst CD47 expression and the clinical stage. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that CD47 expression was connected with overall survival (OS). Univariate analysis instead of the multivariate analysis revealed that CD47 expression was associated significantly with prognosis. Conclusions. CD47 is a critical part of the progress of pathogenesis in EC. CD47 expression correlates with multiple clinicopathological variables and is a potential prognostic risk factor.

Potential New Cancer Immunotherapy: Anti-CD47-SIRPα Antibodies

CD47 belongs to immunoglobulin superfamily and is widely expressed on the surface of cell membrane, while another transmembrane protein SIRPα is restricted to the surface of macrophages, dendritic cells, and nerve cells. As a cell surface receptor and ligand, respectively, CD47 and SIRPα interact to regulate cell migration and phagocytic activity, and maintain immune homeostasis. In recent years, studies have found that immunoglobulin superfamily CD47 is overexpressed widely across tumor types, and CD47 plays an important role in suppressing phagocytes activity through binding to the transmembrane protein SIRPα in phagocytic cells. Therefore, targeting CD47 may be a novel strategy for cancer immunotherapy, and a variety of anti-CD47 antibodies have appeared, such as humanized 5F9 antibody, B6H12 antibody, ZF1 antibody, and so on. This review mainly describes the research history of CD47-SIRPα and focuses on macrophage-mediated CD47-SIRPα immunotherapy of tumors.