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Mizoguchi Y, Guan LL. - Invited Review - Translational gut microbiome research for strategies to improve beef cattle production sustainability and meat quality. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:346-359. [PMID: 38186252 PMCID: PMC10838664 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced and innovative breeding and management of meat-producing animals are needed to address the global food security and sustainability challenges. Beef production is an important industry for securing animal protein resources in the world and meat quality significantly contributes to the economic values and human needs. Improvement of cattle feed efficiency has become an urgent task as it can lower the environmental burden of methane gas emissions and the reduce the consumption of human edible cereal grains. Cattle depend on their symbiotic microbiome and its activity in the rumen and gut to maintain growth and health. Recent developments in high-throughput omics analysis (metagenome, metatranscriptome, metabolome, metaproteome and so on) have made it possible to comprehensively analyze microbiome, hosts and their interactions and to define their roles in affecting cattle biology. In this review, we focus on the relationships among gut microbiome and beef meat quality, feed efficiency, methane emission as well as host genetics in beef cattle, aiming to determine the current knowledge gaps for the development of the strategies to improve the sustainability of beef production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Mizoguchi
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571,
Japan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2P5,
Canada
| | - Le Luo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2P5,
Canada
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4,
Canada
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Ke S, Feng Y, Luo L, Qin W, Liu H, Nie J, Liang B, Ma H, Xie M, Li J, Niu Z, Li G, Tang A, Xia W, He G. Isolation, identification, and induced differentiation of satellite cells from skeletal muscle of adult tree shrews. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:36-53. [PMID: 38127228 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A method for the in vitro isolation, purification, identification, and induced differentiation of satellite cells from adult tree shrew skeletal muscle was established. The mixed enzyme digestion method and differential adhesion method were used to obtain skeletal muscle satellite cells, which were identified and induced to differentiate to verify their pluripotency. The use of a mixture of collagenase II, hyaluronidase IV, and DNase I is an efficient method for isolating adult tree shrew skeletal muscle satellite cells. The P3 generation of cells had good morphology, rapid proliferation, high viability, and an "S"-shaped growth curve. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence staining indicated that marker genes or proteins were expressed in skeletal muscle satellite cells. After myogenic differentiation was induced, multiple-nucleated myotubes were observed, and the MyHC protein was expressed. The expression of myogenic marker genes changed with the differentiation process. After the induction of adipogenic differentiation, orange-red lipid droplets were observed, and the expression of adipogenic marker genes increased gradually with the differentiation process. In summary, satellite cells from adult tree shrew skeletal muscle were successfully isolated using a mixed enzyme digestion method, and their potential for differentiation into myogenic and adipogenic cells was confirmed, laying a foundation for further in vitro study of tree shrew muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Ke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiwei Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Liying Luo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Wanzhao Qin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Huayu Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingchong Nie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Beijiang Liang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongjie Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Mao Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhijie Niu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Guojian Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Anzhou Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Guangyao He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor(Guangxi Medical University),Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Yun SH, Lee DY, Lee SY, Lee J, Mariano EJ, Joo ST, Choi I, Choi JS, Kim GD, Hur SJ. Improved culture procedure for bovine muscle satellite cells for cultured meat. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113660. [PMID: 37981377 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Many researchers and companies around the world are reported to have developed cultured meat, but their specific techniques have rarely been disclosed. Thus, the purpose of this study is to provide an improved procedure for cultured meat. There are four major steps in this cultured meat production: muscle cell isolation, proliferation, differentiation, and validation. The improved isolation enabled the efficient removal of unnecessary cells and tissues compared to previous procedures. In addition, proper use of basal media can improve the proliferation efficiency by about 2-fold. During the differentiation process, improved procedure was performed by using 10 % horse serum-containing media after 3 days of initial differentiation for myotube induction. This method demonstrated significantly enhanced myotube formation, up to 2.6-fold increase in area and up to 1.9-fold increase in fusion index compared to the previous method. This study provides a simple, improved procedure to enable more effective cultured meat production compared to previous procedures and is expected to help produce inexpensive and safe cultured meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyeon Yun
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Young Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Ermie Jr Mariano
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Tea Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Seok Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Gap-Don Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
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PPARγ Gene as a Possible Link between Acquired and Congenital Lipodystrophy and its Modulation by Dietary Fatty Acids. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224742. [PMID: 36432429 PMCID: PMC9693235 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipodystrophy syndromes are rare diseases that could be of genetic or acquired origin. The main complication of lipodystrophy is the dysfunction of adipose tissue, which leads to an ectopic accumulation of triglycerides in tissues such as the liver, pancreas and skeletal muscle. This abnormal fat distribution is associated with hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, liver steatosis, cardiomyopathies and chronic inflammation. Although the origin of acquired lipodystrophies remains unclear, patients show alterations in genes related to genetic lipodystrophy, suggesting that this disease could be improved or aggravated by orchestrating gene activity, for example by diet. Nowadays, the main reason for adipose tissue dysfunction is an imbalance in metabolism, caused in other pathologies associated with adipose tissue dysfunction by high-fat diets. However, not all dietary fats have the same health implications. Therefore, this article aims to summarize the main genes involved in the pathophysiology of lipodystrophy, identify connections between them and provide a systematic review of studies published between January 2017 and January 2022 of the dietary fats that can modulate the development of lipodystrophy through transcriptional regulation or the regulation of protein expression in adipocytes.
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Overexpression of DGAT2 Stimulates Lipid Droplet Formation and Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Bovine Satellite Cells. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141847. [PMID: 35883393 PMCID: PMC9312262 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) is closely related to the tenderness, juiciness, and flavor of beef, and is an important indicator for beef quality assessment internationally. The main components of skeletal intramuscular fat (IMF) are phospholipids and triacylglycerols (TAG), and the final step of TAG biosynthesis is catalyzed by diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2). To explore the effect of DGAT2 on the differentiation of bovine muscle satellite cells (BSCs) and its role in the signaling pathway related to lipid metabolism, the adenovirus overexpression and interference vector of the DGAT2 gene was constructed in this study, and the overexpression adenovirus Ad-DGAT2 and interfering adenovirus sh-DGAT2 were used to infect BSCs. Overexpression of DGAT2 resulted in a significant increase in the contents of TAG and ADP, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBF1 (p < 0.05). Interfering with the expression of DGAT2 reduced the intracellular TAG content and lipid droplet accumulation. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBF1 (p < 0.05) were significantly downregulated. Transcriptome sequencing showed that a total of 598 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened in BSCs infected with Ad-DGAT2, and these DEGs included 292 upregulated genes and 306 downregulated genes. A total of 49 DEGs were screened in BSCs infected with sh-DGAT2, and these DEGs included 25 upregulated and 24 downregulated genes. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs, after overexpression of DGAT2, were mainly enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway, and the fat digestion and absorption, glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and AMPK signaling pathways. The DEGs obtained after interfering with DGAT2 were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways, such as the PPAR signaling pathway and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In summary, our study demonstrated that the lipid droplet formation, TAG accumulation, and adipogenic gene expression in BSCs overexpressing DGAT2 were higher than those in the control cells. These results highlight the important role of DGAT2 in regulating BSCs during adipogenic transdifferentiation and underscore the complexity of intramuscular adipogenesis.
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