Detection of genetic variation and activity analysis of the promoter region of the cattle tRNA-modified gene TRDMT1

Detection of Insertion/Deletions (InDel) Within Five Clock Genes and Their Associations with Growth Traits in Four Chinese Sheep Breeds

Organisms have the capacity to detect day-night fluctuations through oscillators regulated by circadian clock genes, which are crucial for regulating various biological processes. Numerous studies have demonstrated a marked association between these genes and various growth traits of sheep. This study identified polymorphisms at 23 potential loci within five clock genes in four Chinese sheep breeds. Only two polymorphic insertion/deletions (InDels) were detected in CLOCK and PER3 genes, respectively. The distribution of these two loci in four Chinese sheep breeds and their association with growth traits were further explored. A 12 bp deletion was found in the intron of the CLOCK gene (rs604230640), which was significantly associated with body height (p < 0.05), body oblique length (p < 0.05) and cannon girth (p < 0.05) in Hu sheep (HS). A 22 bp insertion in the intron of the PER3 gene (rs600537720) with a dominant genotype of insertion/insertion (II) was found to have a significant association with chest depth (p < 0.05) in Small-Tail Han sheep (STHS), tail width (p < 0.05) in Tong Sheep (TS), and in Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep (LFTS). In conclusion, this study has elucidated the polymorphisms of CLOCK and PER3 genes and has examined the influence of these two genes on the growth traits of sheep. Concurrently, the two molecular markers identified in CLOCK and PER3 could potentially serve in the marker-assisted selection of growing-related traits in local Chinese sheep breeds.

Expression of different genotypes of bovine TRDMT1 gene and its polymorphisms association with body measures in Qinchuan cattle (Bos Taurus)

DNA methyltransferase 2 (DNMT2) was renamed as tRNA aspartic acid methyltransferase 1 (TRDMT1) by catalyzing the methylation of tRNA^Asp anti-codon loop C38. The development of sequencing of nucleic acids and protein detection techniques have prompted the demonstration that TRDMT1 mediated tRNA modification affects protein synthesis efficiency. This process affects the growth and development of animals. The DNA of 224 Qinchuan cattles aged 2-4 years old was collected in this experiment. The genetic variations of TRDMT1 exon and some intron regions were detected by mixed pool sequencing technology. qRT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression levels of mRNA and protein produced with the combination of different genetic variant loci. Three haplotypes were detected and the distribution ratios were different. Muscle tissue mRNA and protein testing showed that there were differences in mRNA expression levels among different genotypes (P < 0.05) and the protein expression levels between different genotypes show the same trend as mRNA. This study provides potential molecular materials for the improvement of Qinchuan cattle reproductivity and provides theoretical support for studying the effects of livestock TRDMT1 on animal growth and development.