Polymorphism detection of <i>DGAT1</i> and <i>Lep</i> genes in Anatolian water buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>) populations in Turkey

Detection of Polymorphisms in FASN, DGAT1, and PPARGC1A Genes and Their Association with Milk Yield and Composition Traits in River Buffalo of Bangladesh

This study aimed to identify SNPs in the intron, exon, and UTR regions of the FASN, DGAT1, and PPARGC1A genes and to investigate their possible association with milk yield and composition traits in the riverine buffalo of Bangladesh. A total of 150 DNA samples from riverine buffalo were used for PCR amplification with five pairs of primers, followed by association studies using a generalized linear model in R. SNP genotyping was performed by direct sequencing of the respective amplicon. Traits analyzed included DMY, fat%, protein%, and SNF%. This study identified 8 SNPs in FASN (g.7163G>A and g.7271C>T), DGAT1 (g.7809C>T and g.8525C>T) and PPARGC1A (g.387642C>T, g.387758A>G, g.409354A>G, and g.409452G>A). Genotypic and allelic frequencies differed significantly for each SNP genotype and did not follow the Hardy-Weinberg principle (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) in most cases. The g.7163G>A and g.7271C>T SNP genotypes of the FASN gene were significantly associated with milk fat%, with the latter also significantly associated with SNF%. The g.8525C>T polymorphism of the DGAT1 gene significantly affected protein% (p < 0.01). Additionally, PPARGC1A gene polymorphisms showed significant associations: g.387642C>T with fat% (p < 0.05); g.387758A>G and g.409354A>G with protein% (p < 0.001) and SNF% (p < 0.01); and g.409452G>A with DMY (p < 0.001), fat% (p < 0.05), and protein% (p < 0.01). Reconstructed haplotypes of the PPARGC1A gene were significantly associated (p < 0.01) with all traits except SNF%. These findings suggest that polymorphisms in these three candidate genes have the potential as molecular markers for improving milk yield and composition traits in the riverine buffalo of Bangladesh.

Candidate K232A mutation of DGAT1 gene associated with production and reproduction traits in Indian Dairy cattle

The present study was conducted on Hardhenu and Sahiwal cows to evaluate the genetic diversity and the effect of candidate K232A mutation of diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase (DGAT1) gene on performance traits. PCR product of 413 bp size targeting K232A mutation of DGAT 1 gene was genotyped by Eae1 restriction enzyme and further confirmed by sequencing. The PCR-RFLP analysis for K232A showed that the frequencies of alleles K and A were 0.80 and 0.20 in Hardhenu and 0.98 and 0.02 in Sahiwal cattle, respectively. The frequencies of genotypes for KK and KA genotype were estimated as 0.60 and 0.40 in Hardhenu and 0.96 and 0.04 in Sahiwal cattle, respectively. Chi-square test showed that K232A SNP did not meet with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p < .01) in Hardhenu cattle. Association analysis revealed that KA genotype was significantly associated with total milk yield (p < .01) and 305 days milk yield (p < .01)in Hardhenu cattle. Hardhenu cows having KA genotype comparatively revealed favorable mean values for AFS (880.31 ± 26.65), AFC (1166.36 ± 19.94), SP (157.46 ± 22.80), CI (441.41 ± 44.28) and AI/Conception (1.80 ± 0.17), indicating that KA genotype can be used as a candidate marker for simultaneous improvement of both production and reproduction traits.