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Kim N, Jamison K, Jaywant A, Garetti J, Blunt E, RoyChoudhury A, Butler T, Dams-O'Connor K, Khedr S, Chen CC, Shetty T, Winchell R, Hill NJ, Schiff ND, Kuceyeski A, Shah SA. Comparisons of electrophysiological markers of impaired executive attention after traumatic brain injury and in healthy aging. Neuroimage 2023; 274:120126. [PMID: 37191655 PMCID: PMC10286242 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Executive attention impairments are a persistent and debilitating consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). To make headway towards treating and predicting outcomes following heterogeneous TBI, cognitive impairment specific pathophysiology first needs to be characterized. In a prospective observational study, we measured EEG during the attention network test aimed at detecting alerting, orienting, executive attention and processing speed. The sample (N = 110) of subjects aged 18-86 included those with and without traumatic brain injury: n = 27, complicated mild TBI; n = 5, moderate TBI; n = 10, severe TBI; n = 63, non-brain-injured controls. Subjects with TBI had impairments in processing speed and executive attention. Electrophysiological markers of executive attention processing in the midline frontal regions reveal that, as a group, those with TBI and elderly non-brain-injured controls have reduced responses. We also note that those with TBI and elderly controls have responses that are similar for both low and high-demand trials. In subjects with moderate-severe TBI, reductions in frontal cortical activation and performance profiles are both similar to that of controls who are ∼4 to 7 years older. Our specific observations of frontal response reductions in subjects with TBI and in older adults is consistent with the suggested role of the anterior forebrain mesocircuit as underlying cognitive impairments. Our results provide novel correlative data linking specific pathophysiological mechanisms underlying domain-specific cognitive deficits following TBI and with normal aging. Collectively, our findings provide biomarkers that may serve to track therapeutic interventions and guide development of targeted therapeutics following brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Keith Jamison
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Abhishek Jaywant
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Jacob Garetti
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Emily Blunt
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Arindam RoyChoudhury
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Tracy Butler
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Kristen Dams-O'Connor
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Shahenda Khedr
- Department of Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Queens, NY 11355, United States
| | - Chun-Cheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Queens, NY 11355, United States; Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Teena Shetty
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10021 United States
| | - Robert Winchell
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - N Jeremy Hill
- National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Stratton VA Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, United States; Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, State University of New York at Albany, NY 12226, United States
| | - Nicholas D Schiff
- Department of BMRI & Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Amy Kuceyeski
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Sudhin A Shah
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States; Department of BMRI & Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States.
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Alnawmasi MM, Walz JA, Khuu SK. Deficits in visuospatial attentional cueing following mild traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychologia 2022; 177:108422. [PMID: 36370825 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Visual attentional deficits are frequently reported in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). In the present study, the ability to orient visual attention (i.e., the use of endogenous and exogenous visual cues) was investigated using a modified Posner visual search task, in which the participant was required to search for a target shape (radial frequency patterns) amongst distractor shapes. Participants were required to determine whether a target radial frequency pattern was present or absent from an array of distractors. Attention to the target location was cued using central or peripheral cueing procedures to investigate endogenous or exogenous attention allocation. Predictability was not manipulated between central and peripheral cues. Search difficulty was varied by systematically changing the radial frequency difference between target and distractors (and thereby shape difference), and cues could be valid or invalid in that they correctly or incorrectly indicated the position of the target shape. Both target discriminability (i.e., identifying the presence or absence of the target) and reaction times were measured. Thirteen patients with chronic mild TBI and 21 age-, sex-, and IQ -matched healthy controls participated in the study. For control participants, both discrimination accuracy and reaction times improved with visual search efficiency, and they were sensitive to the type of cue, with performance worst for cue invalid conditions than valid conditions. However, the results for TBI patients were strikingly different; we find that discrimination accuracy slightly improved with visual search difficulty (compared to controls), but not reaction times, and TBI patients were largely insensitive to the type of visual cue, and did not show a selective deficit for central or peripheral cues, suggesting an impairment in both endogenous and exogenous visual attention. In conclusion, patients with mild TBI exhibit a poor ability to orient visual attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Alnawmasi
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; College of Applied Medical Science, Department of Optometry, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jacinta A Walz
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sieu K Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Kang Y, Jamison K, Jaywant A, Dams-O’Connor K, Kim N, Karakatsanis NA, Butler T, Schiff ND, Kuceyeski A, Shah SA. Longitudinal alterations in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor availability over ∼ 1 year following traumatic brain injury. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac159. [PMID: 35794871 PMCID: PMC9253887 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal alterations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor availability following traumatic brain injury have remained uncharacterized and may reflect changes in neuronal structure and function linked to cognitive recovery. We measured GABAA receptor availability using the tracer [11C]flumazenil in nine adults with traumatic brain injury (3–6 months after injury, subacute scan) and in 20 non-brain-injured individuals. A subset of subjects with traumatic brain injury (n = 7) were scanned at a second chronic time-point, 7–13 months after their first scan; controls (n = 9) were scanned for a second time, 5–11 months after the first scan. After accounting for atrophy in subjects with traumatic brain injury, we find broad decreases in GABAA receptor availability predominantly within the frontal lobes, striatum, and posterior-medial thalami; focal reductions were most pronounced in the right insula and anterior cingulate cortex (p < 0.05). Greater relative increase, compared to controls, in global GABAA receptor availability appeared between subacute and chronic scans. At chronic scan (>1 year post-injury), we find increased pallidal receptor availability compared to controls. Conversely, receptor availability remained depressed across the frontal cortices. Longitudinal improvement in executive attention correlated with increases in receptor availability across bilateral fronto-parietal cortical regions and the anterior-lateral aspects of the thalami. The specific observations of persistent bi-frontal lobe reductions and bilateral pallidal elevation are consistent with the anterior forebrain mesocircuit hypothesis for recovery of consciousness following a wide range of brain injuries; our results provide novel correlative data in support of specific cellular mechanisms underlying persistent cognitive deficits. Collectively, these measurements support the use of [11C]flumazenil to track recovery of large-scale network function following brain injuries and measure response to therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kang
- Department of Mathematics, Howard University , Washington, DC 20059 , USA
| | - K Jamison
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , 407 E. 61 St., Rm 208, New York, NY 10065 , USA
| | - A Jaywant
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, NY 10065 , USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, NY 10065 , USA
| | - K Dams-O’Connor
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| | - N Kim
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , 407 E. 61 St., Rm 208, New York, NY 10065 , USA
| | - N A Karakatsanis
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , 407 E. 61 St., Rm 208, New York, NY 10065 , USA
| | - T Butler
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , 407 E. 61 St., Rm 208, New York, NY 10065 , USA
| | - N D Schiff
- Department of BMRI & Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, NY 10065 , USA
| | - A Kuceyeski
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , 407 E. 61 St., Rm 208, New York, NY 10065 , USA
| | - S A Shah
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , 407 E. 61 St., Rm 208, New York, NY 10065 , USA
- Department of BMRI & Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, NY 10065 , USA
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Chen A, Zhang Z, Cao C, Lu J, Wu S, Ma S, Feng Y, Wang S, Xu G, Song J. Altered Attention Network in Paratroopers Exposed to Repetitive Subconcussion: Evidence Based on Behavioral and Event-Related Potential Results. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:3306-3314. [PMID: 34549595 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment caused by repetitive subconcussion has received increasing attention in recent years. Although the dysfunction of attention has been confirmed by neuropsychological research using scales, there is no event-related potentials (ERPs) research. The Attention Network Test (ANT) has been widely used to evaluate the three separate components of attention processing (alerting, orienting, and executive control). Twenty-seven paratroopers exposed to repetitive subconcussion (subconcussion group) and 25 matched healthy control participants (HCs group) were enrolled, and all of them performed the ANT test while continuous scalp electroencephalography data were recorded. On the behavioral performance level, the subconcussion group showed a slower task response, with an especially significant slower reaction time in alerting. Concerning ERP results, reduction amplitudes of cue-N1 in the alerting network were observed, indicating that this group was less able to make efficient use of cues and maintain an alerting state for incoming information. For the orienting network, no difference in N1 amplitude was observed between the two groups. Moreover, there was a reduced P3 amplitude in the executive control network in the subconcussion group compared with the HCs group, suggesting a dysfunction of attentional resource allocation and inhibition control in the former group. This study is, to our knowledge, the first analysis of the altered attention network caused by repetitive subconcussion from the perspectives of behavioral and neuropsychology levels. These preliminary results revealed the possible damage of the alerting and executive control networks and provided a reference for further research on subconcussion cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aobo Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenglong Cao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jinjiang Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Shukai Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenghui Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China.,Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China.,Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuochen Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Guozheng Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Song
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
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Walz JA, Mani R, Alnawmasi MM, Khuu SK. Visuospatial Attention Allocation as an Indicator of Cognitive Deficit in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:675376. [PMID: 34354575 PMCID: PMC8329082 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.675376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is defined by changes in brain function resulting from external forces acting on the brain and is typically characterized by a host of physiological and functional changes such as cognitive deficits including attention problems. In the present study, we focused on the effect of TBI on the ability to allocate attention in vision (i.e., the use of endogenous and exogenous visual cues) by systematically reviewing previous literature on the topic. We conducted quantitative synthesis of 16 selected studies of visual attention following TBI, calculating 80 effect size estimates. The combined effect size was large (g = 0.79, p < 0.0001) with medium heterogeneity (I2 = 68.39%). Subgroup analyses revealed an increase in deficit with moderate-to-severe and severe TBI as compared to mild TBI [F(2, 76) = 24.14, p < 0.0001]. Task type was another key source of variability and subgroup analyses indicated that higher order attention processes were severely affected by TBI [F(2, 77) = 5.66, p = 0.0051). Meta-regression analyses revealed significant improvement in visual attention deficit with time [p(mild) = 0.031, p(moderate-to-severe) = 0.002, p(severe) < 0.0001]. Taken together, these results demonstrate that visual attention is affected by TBI and that regular assessment of visual attention, using a systematic attention allocation task, may provide a useful clinical measure of cognitive impairment and change after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta A Walz
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Revathy Mani
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammed M Alnawmasi
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sieu K Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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6
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The moderating effects of vigilance on other components of attentional functioning. J Neurosci Methods 2018; 308:151-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Triviño M, Ródenas E, Lupiáñez J, Arnedo M. Effectiveness of a neuropsychological treatment for confabulations after brain injury: A clinical trial with theoretical implications. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173166. [PMID: 28257420 PMCID: PMC5336256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Confabulators consistently generate false memories without intention to deceive and with great feelings of rightness. However, to our knowledge, there is currently no known effective treatment for them. In order to fill this gap, our aim was to design a neuropsychological treatment based on current theoretical models and test it experimentally in 20 confabulators sequentially allocated to two groups: an experimental and a control group. The experimental group received nine sessions of treatment for three weeks (three sessions per week). The sessions consisted of some brief material that participants had to learn and recall at both immediate and delayed time points. After this, patients were given feedback about their performance (errors and correct responses). Pre- and post-treatment measurements were recorded. Confabulators in the control group were included in a waiting list for three weeks, performed the pre- and post- measurements without treatment, and only then received the treatment, after which a post-treatment measurement was recorded. This applied to only half of the participants; the other half quit the study prematurely. Results showed a significant decrease in confabulations and a significant increase in correct responses in the experimental group; by contrast, patients in the control group did not improve during the waiting list period. Only control group patients who subsequently received the treatment after serving as controls improved. The effects of the treatment were generalized to patients' everyday lives, as reported by relatives, and persisted over time. This treatment seems to be effective and easy to implement and consequently of clinical interest. Moreover, it also has theoretical implications regarding the processes related to the genesis and/or maintenance of confabulations. In particular, results point to a deficit in early stages of memory retrieval with the preservation of later strategic monitoring processes. Specifically, some of the processes involved may include selective attention or early conflict detection deficits. Future research should test these hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Triviño
- Department of Neuropsychology. San Rafael University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Estrella Ródenas
- Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Lupiáñez
- Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Experimental Psychology. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marisa Arnedo
- Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Psychobiology. University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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8
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Executive attention deficits after traumatic brain injury reflect impaired recruitment of resources. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 14:233-241. [PMID: 28180082 PMCID: PMC5288490 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in attention are a common and devastating consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), leading to functional impairments, rehabilitation barriers, and long-term disability. While such deficits are well documented, little is known about their underlying pathophysiology hindering development of effective and targeted interventions. Here we evaluate the integrity of brain systems specific to attentional functions using quantitative assessments of electroencephalography recorded during performance of the Attention Network Test (ANT), a behavioral paradigm that separates alerting, orienting, and executive components of attention. We studied 13 patients, at least 6 months post-TBI with cognitive impairments, and 24 control subjects. Based on performance on the ANT, TBI subjects showed selective impairment in executive attention. In TBI subjects, principal component analysis combined with spectral analysis of the EEG after target appearance extracted a pattern of increased frontal midline theta power (2.5–7.5 Hz) and suppression of frontal beta power (12.5–22.5 Hz). Individual expression of this pattern correlated (r = − 0.67, p < 0.001) with executive attention impairment. The grading of this pattern of spatiotemporal dynamics with executive attention deficits reflects impaired recruitment of anterior forebrain resources following TBI; specifically, deafferentation and variable disfacilitation of medial frontal neuronal populations is proposed as the basis of our findings. Electrophysiological correlate of impaired executive attention after Traumatic Brain Injury is derived. Theta increases in medial frontal and beta suppression in frontal regions is linked to behavioral performance. Individual-specific pathophysiology allows for tracking of recovery/interventions and studies of function-structure.
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Falquez R, Dinu-Biringer R, Stopsack M, Arens EA, Wick W, Barnow S. Examining cognitive emotion regulation in frontal lobe patients: The mediating role of response inhibition. NeuroRehabilitation 2015; 37:89-98. [DOI: 10.3233/nre-151242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalux Falquez
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramona Dinu-Biringer
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Germany
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Malte Stopsack
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth A. Arens
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neuro-oncology Department, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Barnow
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Miró E, Martínez MP, Sánchez AI, Prados G, Lupiáñez J. Men and women with fibromyalgia: Relation between attentional function and clinical symptoms. Br J Health Psychol 2014; 20:632-47. [PMID: 25557603 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was the first to explore whether individuals with fibromyalgia (FM) have different cognitive alterations (i.e., in alertness, orienting, and executive control) depending on their sex. We also analysed possible gender differences in the relationships between cognitive functioning and some of the main symptoms of FM. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Two clinical groups with FM (n = 58 women and n = 20 men) and two healthy control groups (n = 21 women and n = 27 men) aged between 30 and 60 years old participated in this study. Pain intensity, sleep disturbance, depression, anxiety, pain catastrophizing, and daily functioning were evaluated with self-report measures. Attentional function was assessed with the ANT-I task (Attentional Network Test-Interactions). RESULTS Mixed ANOVAs showed impairment in vigilance and executive control in both male and female patients with FM compared with controls. Control men were faster than control women, but FM eliminated sex differences. In addition, attention deficit was associated with worse daily functioning in women but not in men with FM. Emotional distress and sleep disruption seemed to contribute differently to these cognitive alterations in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS Therapy strategies aimed at reducing emotional distress and sleep disruption are likely to improve cognitive function by enhancing vigilance. Therapies aimed at reducing emotional distress seem to improve attentional function more in women than in men; those aimed at improving sleep quality are likely to reduce a vigilance/alertness deficit in women and executive problems in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Miró
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Spain
| | - María P Martínez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Ana I Sánchez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Germán Prados
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virgen de Las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Lupiáñez
- Department of Experimental Psychology and Physiology of Behaviour, Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Spain
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11
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Rike PO, Ulleberg P, Schultheis MT, Lundqvist A, Schanke AK. Behavioural ratings of self-regulatory mechanisms and driving behaviour after an acquired brain injury. Brain Inj 2014; 28:1687-99. [PMID: 25158241 DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2014.947632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether measurements of self-regulatory mechanisms and cognition predict driving behaviour after an acquired brain injury (ABI). DESIGN Consecutive follow-up study. PARTICIPANTS At baseline participants included 77 persons with stroke and 32 persons with a traumatic brain injury (TBI), all of whom completed a multidisciplinary driving assessment (MDA). A follow-up cohort of 34 persons that succeeded the MDA was included. Baseline measurements: Neuropsychological tests and measurements of self-regulatory mechanisms (BRIEF-A and UPPS Impulsive Behaviour Scale), driving behaviour (DBQ) and pre-injury driving characteristics (mileage, compensatory driving strategies and accident rates). Follow-up measurements: Post-injury driving characteristics were collected by mailed questionnaires from the participants who succeeded the MDA. METHODS A MDA, which included a medical examination, neuropsychological testing and an on-road driving test, was considered in the decision for or against granting a driver's license. Self-regulatory mechanisms and driving behaviour were examined for research purposes only. RESULTS At baseline, self-regulatory mechanisms were significantly associated to aberrant driving behaviour, but not with neuropsychological data or with the outcome of the on-road driving test. Aspects of self-regulation were associated to driving behaviour at follow-up. CONCLUSION It is recommended that self-regulatory measurements should regularly be considered in the driving assessments after ABI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per-Ola Rike
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital , Nesodden , Norway
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12
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Falquez R, Couto B, Ibanez A, Freitag MT, Berger M, Arens EA, Lang S, Barnow S. Detaching from the negative by reappraisal: the role of right superior frontal gyrus (BA9/32). Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:165. [PMID: 24847230 PMCID: PMC4023069 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to reappraise the emotional impact of events is related to long-term mental health. Self-focused reappraisal (REAPPself), i.e., reducing the personal relevance of the negative events, has been previously associated with neural activity in regions near right medial prefrontal cortex, but rarely investigated among brain-damaged individuals. Thus, we aimed to examine the REAPPself ability of brain-damaged patients and healthy controls considering structural atrophies and gray matter intensities, respectively. Twenty patients with well-defined cortex lesions due to an acquired circumscribed tumor or cyst and 23 healthy controls performed a REAPPself task, in which they had to either observe negative stimuli or decrease emotional responding by REAPPself. Next, they rated the impact of negative arousal and valence. REAPPself ability scores were calculated by subtracting the negative picture ratings after applying REAPPself from the ratings of the observing condition. The scores of the patients were included in a voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis to identify deficit related areas (ROI). Then, a ROI group-wise comparison was performed. Additionally, a whole-brain voxel-based-morphometry (VBM) analysis was run, in which healthy participant's REAPPself ability scores were correlated with gray matter intensities. Results showed that (1) regions in the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), comprising the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA9) and the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (BA32), were associated with patient's impaired down-regulation of arousal, (2) a lesion in the depicted ROI occasioned significant REAPPself impairments, (3) REAPPself ability of controls was linked with increased gray matter intensities in the ROI regions. Our findings show for the first time that the neural integrity and the structural volume of right SFG regions (BA9/32) might be indispensable for REAPPself. Implications for neurofeedback research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalux Falquez
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Blas Couto
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Cognitive Neurology, Favaloro University Buenos Aires, Argentina ; UDP-INECO Foundation Core on Neuroscience, Diego Portales University Santiago, Chile
| | - Agustin Ibanez
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Cognitive Neurology, Favaloro University Buenos Aires, Argentina ; UDP-INECO Foundation Core on Neuroscience, Diego Portales University Santiago, Chile ; Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma del Caribe Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Martin T Freitag
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth A Arens
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Lang
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Barnow
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany
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