Summary and comparison of recently updated post-polypectomy surveillance guidelines

Screening and surveillance for hereditary colorectal cancer

Hereditary colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that is caused by a genetic mutation. Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer, or who have a known hereditary syndrome, are at an increased risk of developing the disease. Screening and surveillance are important tools for managing the risk of hereditary colorectal cancer. Screening involves a combination of tests that can detect precancerous or cancerous changes in the colon and rectum. Surveillance involves regular follow-up examinations to monitor disease progression and to identify new developments. The frequency and type of screening and surveillance tests may vary depending on an individual's risk factors, genetic profile, and medical history. However, early detection and treatment of hereditary colorectal cancer can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality rates. By implementing comprehensive screening and surveillance strategies, healthcare providers can help individuals at risk of hereditary colorectal cancer to receive timely interventions and make informed decisions about their health. Specific examples of screening and surveillance tests for hereditary colorectal cancer include colonoscopy, genetic testing, and imaging tests. In this review article, we will discuss detailed screening and surveillance of hereditary colorectal cancer.

Causal association between telomere length and colorectal polyps: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

We performed a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design to explore the causal relation between telomere length (TL) and colorectal polyps. Genome-wide association study summary data of TL and colorectal polyps were extracted from the IEU open genome-wide association study database. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were served as instrumental variables at the significance threshold of P < 5 × 10-8. The inverse variance weighted method, MR-Egger method, and weight median method were performed for causal estimation in MR. Cochran Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analyses were performed to evaluate the pleiotropy of the MR results. One hundred and twenty-four single nucleotide polymorphisms were selected as instrumental variables. We found significant casual association between TL and colorectal polyps. Long TL increased the risk of colorectal polyps using the inverse variance weighted method [ukb-a-521: odds ratio (OR): 1.004, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.001-1.007, P = .004; ukb-d-D12: OR: 1.008, CI: 1.004-1.012, P < .001; finn-b-CD2_BENIGN_COLORECANI_EXALLC2: OR: 1.170, CI: 1.027-1.332, P = .018]. Sensitivity analyses validated that the causality between TL and colorectal polyps was robust. The study provided a causal association between TL and colorectal polyps which indicated that TL might be served as a potential biomarker of colorectal polyps for screening and prevention. Nonetheless, the conclusions need further validation.