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Mohammed EJ, Abdelaziz AEM, Mekky AE, Mahmoud NN, Sharaf M, Al-Habibi MM, Khairy NM, Al-Askar AA, Youssef FS, Gaber MA, Saied E, AbdElgayed G, Metwally SA, Shoun AA. Biomedical Promise of Aspergillus Flavus-Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles: A Green Synthesis Approach to Antiviral, Anticancer, Anti-Biofilm, and Antibacterial Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:915. [PMID: 39065765 PMCID: PMC11279975 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study utilized Aspergillus flavus to produce selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) in an environmentally friendly and ecologically sustainable manner, targeting several medicinal applications. These biosynthesized Se-NPs were meticulously characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV), revealing their spherical shape and size ranging between 28 and 78 nm. We conducted further testing of Se-NPs to evaluate their potential for biological applications, including antiviral, anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antibiofilm activities. The results indicate that biosynthesized Se-NPs could be effective against various pathogens, including Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC 14028), Bacillus pumilus (ATCC 14884), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Clostridium sporogenes (ATCC 19404), Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633). Additionally, the biosynthesized Se-NPs exhibited anticancer activity against three cell lines: pancreatic carcinoma (PANC1), cervical cancer (Hela), and colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), with IC50 values of 177, 208, and 216 μg/mL, respectively. The nanoparticles demonstrated antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HAV, achieving inhibition rates of 66.4% and 15.1%, respectively, at the maximum non-toxic concentration, while also displaying antibiofilm and antioxidant properties. In conclusion, the biosynthesized Se-NPs by A. flavus present a promising avenue for various biomedical applications with safe usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Jassim Mohammed
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 14022, Iraq;
| | - Ahmed E. M. Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Port-Said University, 23 December Street, Port-Said 42522, Egypt;
| | - Alsayed E. Mekky
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (N.N.M.); (M.A.G.); (E.S.)
| | - Nashaat N. Mahmoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (N.N.M.); (M.A.G.); (E.S.)
| | - Mohamed Sharaf
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, AL-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Al-Habibi
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Nehal M. Khairy
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Egypt Drug Authority (EDA), (Formerly NODCAR), Giza 12654, Egypt;
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-East Kantara Branch, Ismailia 41636, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fady Sayed Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud Ali Gaber
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (N.N.M.); (M.A.G.); (E.S.)
| | - Ebrahim Saied
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (N.N.M.); (M.A.G.); (E.S.)
| | - Gehad AbdElgayed
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Shimaa A Metwally
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Aly A. Shoun
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, El Salehey El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida 44813, Egypt;
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Haji Mehdi Nouri Z, Tafvizi F, Amini K, Khandandezfully N, Kheirkhah B. Enhanced Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in MCF-7 Breast Cancer and HT-29 Colon Cancer Cell Lines via Low-Dose Biosynthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles Utilizing Lactobacillus casei. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1288-1304. [PMID: 37392361 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03738-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
As a leading global cause of mortality, cancer continues to pose a significant challenge. The shortcomings of prevalent cancer treatments, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, necessitate the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have emerged as a promising solution, with their synthesis being widely researched due to their potential applications. Among the diverse synthesis methods for SeNPs, the green chemistry approach holds a distinctive position within nanotechnology. This research delves into the anti-proliferative and anticancer properties of green-synthesized SeNPs via the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Lactobacillus casei (LC-SeNPs), with a specific focus on MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cell lines. SeNPs were synthesized employing the supernatant of L. casei. The characterization of these green-synthesized SeNPs was performed using TEM, FE-SEM, XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and DLS. The biological impact of LC-SNPs on MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cells was examined via MTT, flow cytometry, scratch tests, and qRT-PCR. Both FE-SEM and TEM images substantiated the spherical shape of the synthesized nanoparticles. The biosynthesized LC-SNPs reduced the survival of MCF-7 (by 20%) and HT-29 (by 30%) cells at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Flow cytometry revealed that LC-SNPs were capable of inducing 28% and 23% apoptosis in MCF-7 and HT-29 cells, respectively. In addition, it was found that LC-SNPs treated MCF-7 and HT-29 cells were arrested in the sub-G1 phase. Gene expression analysis indicated that the expression levels of the CASP3, CASP9, and BAX genes were elevated after treating MCF-7 and HT-29 cells with LC-SNPs. Further, SeNPs were observed to inhibit migration and invasion of MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cells. The SeNPs, produced via L. casei, demonstrated strong anticancer effects on MCF-7 and HT-29 cells, suggesting their potential as biological agents in cancer treatment following additional in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Haji Mehdi Nouri
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Tafvizi
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran.
| | - Kumarss Amini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Science, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
| | - Nooshin Khandandezfully
- Faculty Member, Department of Microbiology, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Babak Kheirkhah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Baft Branch, Islamic Azad University, Baft, Iran
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