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Baek SU, Yoon JH, Won JU. Reciprocal longitudinal associations of supportive workplace relationships with depressive symptoms and self-rated health: A study of Korean women. Soc Sci Med 2023; 333:116176. [PMID: 37603944 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supportive relationships in the workplace are important determinants of an individual's psychological health, buffering work stress. This study aimed to estimate the bidirectional association of workplace relationships with depressive symptoms and self-rated health in female workers. METHODS Based on the nationally representative biannual survey data from 2014 (T1) to 2020 (T4) (N = 2556), we used a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) to estimate autoregressive and cross-lagged bidirectional associations between workplace relationships and health variables. RESULTS Regarding satisfactory workplace relationships and depressive symptoms, a negative correlation was observed at the between-person level. At the within-person level, the cross-lagged path showed that an increase in satisfaction with workplace relationships was related to a subsequent decrease in depressive (T1 to T2: β = -0.039; B = -0.253, P = 0.017). Further, an increase in depressive symptoms was related to subsequent relationship deterioration in the workplace (T1 to T2: β = -0.049, B = -0.007, P = 0.003). Regarding workplace relationships and self-rated health, a positive correlation was observed at the between-person level. At the within-person level, there as was no significant within-person level association between WPR and self-rated health. and the effect sizes were small. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a bidirectional association between workplace relationships and depressive symptoms. Therefore, it is important to implement intervention programs that promote workplace interpersonal relationships and workers' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Uk Baek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Uk Won
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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McParland JL, Gasteen A, Steultjens M. The role of perceived organisational justice in the experience of pain among male and female employees. J Health Psychol 2022; 27:847-857. [PMID: 33106034 PMCID: PMC8855381 DOI: 10.1177/1359105320967423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the association of organisational justice with pain among employees of a large organisation. Employees (n = 1829) completed measures of pain, fair pay, organisational justice, job satisfaction and stress. Logistic regression analyses found that organisational justice was unrelated to pain among women, but men with higher perceptions of fair pay were more likely to report chronic pain as were men with lower perceptions of distributive justice. This is the first study indicating that fair pay and distributive justice are both unique predictors of chronic pain in men. The findings have implications for supporting employees with chronic pain.
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Shahidi FV, Smith PM, Oudyk J, Gignac MAM. Longitudinal Reciprocal Relationships Between the Psychosocial Work Environment and Burnout. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:226-235. [PMID: 35244087 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine longitudinal reciprocal relationships between the psychosocial work environment and burnout. METHODS We used two-wave cross-lagged panel models to estimate associations between a wide range of psychosocial work factors (ie, job demands, job control, job insecurity, coworker support, supervisor support, and organizational justice) and burnout in a broadly representative sample of the general working population in Canada (n = 453). RESULTS Bidirectional associations between the psychosocial work environment and burnout were observed. Results supported the causal predominance of psychosocial work factors over burnout. Higher job demands, lower job control, higher job insecurity, and lower organizational justice predicted burnout over time. Burnout only predicted lower supervisor support over time. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that stress at work is better understood as a cause rather than a consequence of burnout in the general working population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Vahid Shahidi
- Institute for Work & Health (Dr Shahidi, Dr Smith, Dr Gignac); Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto (Dr Shahidi, Dr Smith, Dr Gignac), Toronto; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia (Dr Smith); Occupational Health Clinics for Ontario Workers, Hamilton (Mr Oudyk), Ontario, Canada
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Rosander M, Salin D, Viita L, Blomberg S. Gender Matters: Workplace Bullying, Gender, and Mental Health. Front Psychol 2020; 11:560178. [PMID: 33123044 PMCID: PMC7573240 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.560178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the role of gender in the process of workplace bullying. In particular, we examined how gender affects reported prevalence rates and health consequences of bullying. In addition, we pay particular attention to if the measurement method – self-labelling or behavioural experience methods – affects potential gender differences. A longitudinal study, with two measurement points 18 months apart, was conducted in Sweden (n = 1854 at T1; n = 1096 at T2). It was a probability sample out of a population of all 3.3 million people in Sweden working at workplaces with ten or more employees. The results showed a slightly higher tendency for women to self-label as bullied (8% vs. 6%), while a higher proportion of men than women could be labelled as bullied based on the negative acts they had been exposed to (21% vs. 14%). Exposure to negative acts was associated with more subsequent mental health problems for both men and women, whereas self-labelling was associated with mental health problems for men only. Mental health problems at baseline also increased the risk of bullying for both men and women; however, the measurement method affected if the effect was stronger for men or women. Overall, the study advances our understanding of the role of gender in bullying, in particular highlighting the importance of the measurement method for understanding such gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rosander
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Denise Salin
- Department of Management and Organisation, Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lina Viita
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Stefan Blomberg
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Cho E, Chen TY. The bidirectional relationships between effort-reward imbalance and sleep problems among older workers. Sleep Health 2020; 6:299-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sconfienza C, Lindfors P, Lantz Friedrich A, Sverke M. Social support at work and mental distress: A three-wave study of normal, reversed, and reciprocal relationships. J Occup Health 2019; 61:91-100. [PMID: 30698345 PMCID: PMC6499362 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between social support at work and mental health in terms of mental distress. Despite assuming social support at work to be associated with less mental distress, reversed and reciprocal relationships were investigated as well. Methods Self‐reports in questionnaires of social support and mental distress were collected longitudinally, with annual measurements over three consecutive years, among 301 office workers (57% women) in Sweden. Cross‐lagged structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Results The reciprocal causation model was considered the best‐fitting model. The results suggest that social support and mental distress influenced each other negatively, but with a delayed effect. Specifically, this involves Time 1 levels of social support being negatively associated with Time 2 levels of mental distress, while Time 2 levels of mental distress were negatively associated with Time 3 levels of support. Conclusions The findings partly align with the hypothesis that social support is related to lower levels of mental distress but also suggest that mental distress can reduce levels of social support. While the findings also suggest a mutual interrelation between social support and mental distress, this is not a consistent reciprocal causation. Rather, and due to the variation in reciprocity between time points, it appears to be a cyclical process, which needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Lindfors
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Magnus Sverke
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Törnroos M, Hakulinen C, Hintsanen M, Puttonen S, Hintsa T, Pulkki-Råback L, Jokela M, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari OT, Keltikangas-Järvinen L. Reciprocal relationships between psychosocial work characteristics and sleep problems: A two-wave study. WORK AND STRESS 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2017.1297968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Van Laethem M, Beckers DGJ, Kompier MAJ, Kecklund G, van den Bossche SNJ, Geurts SAE. Bidirectional relations between work-related stress, sleep quality and perseverative cognition. J Psychosom Res 2015; 79:391-8. [PMID: 26526314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this longitudinal two-wave study, bidirectional relations between work-related stress and sleep quality were examined. Moreover, it was investigated whether perseverative cognition is a potential underlying mechanism in this association, related to both work-related stress and sleep quality. METHODS A randomly selected sample of Dutch employees received an online survey in 2012 and 2013. Of all invited employees, 877 participated in both waves. Structural equation modeling was performed to analyze the data. RESULTS We found evidence for reversed relations between work-related stress and sleep quality. Specifically, when controlling for perseverative cognition, work-related stress was not directly related to subsequent sleep quality, but low sleep quality was associated with an increase in work-related stress over time. Moreover, negative bidirectional associations over time were found between perseverative cognition and sleep quality, and positive bidirectional associations were found between work-related stress and perseverative cognition. Lastly, a mediation analysis showed that perseverative cognition fully mediated the relationship between work-related stress and sleep quality. CONCLUSION The study findings suggest that perseverative cognition could be an important underlying mechanism in the association between work-related stress and sleep quality. The bidirectionality of the studied relationships could be an indication of a vicious cycle, in which work-related stress, perseverative cognition, and sleep quality mutually influence each other over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Debby G J Beckers
- Radboud University, Behavioural Science Institute, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Michiel A J Kompier
- Radboud University, Behavioural Science Institute, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Sabine A E Geurts
- Radboud University, Behavioural Science Institute, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Andersen LL, Poulsen OM, Sundstrup E, Brandt M, Jay K, Clausen T, Borg V, Persson R, Jakobsen MD. Effect of physical exercise on workplace social capital: Cluster randomized controlled trial. Scand J Public Health 2015; 43:810-8. [PMID: 26261190 DOI: 10.1177/1403494815598404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS While workplace health promotion with group-based physical exercise can improve workers' physical health, less is known about potential carry-over effects to psychosocial factors. This study investigates the effect of physical exercise on social capital at work. METHODS Altogether, 200 female healthcare workers (nurses and nurse's aides) from 18 departments at three hospitals were randomly allocated at the department level to 10 weeks of (1) group-based physical exercise at work during working hours or (2) physical exercise at home during leisure time. At baseline and follow-up, participants replied to a questionnaire concerning workplace social capital: (1) within teams (bonding); (2) between teams (bridging); (3) between teams and nearest leaders (linking A); (4) between teams and distant leaders (linking B). RESULTS At baseline, bonding, bridging, linking A and linking B social capital were 74 (SD 17), 61 (SD 19), 72 (SD 22) and 70 (SD 18), respectively, on a scale of 0-100 (where 100 is best). A group by time interaction was found for bonding social capital (P=0.02), where physical exercise at work compared with physical exercise during leisure time increased 5.3 (95% confidence interval 2.3- 8.2)(effect size, Cohen's d = 0.31) from baseline to follow-up. For physical exercise at home during leisure time and exercise at work combined, a time effect (P=0.001) was found for linking A social capital, with a decrease of 4.8 (95% confidence interval 1.9-7.6). CONCLUSIONS Group-based physical exercise at work contributed to building social capital within teams at the workplace. However, the general decrease of social capital between teams and nearest leaders during the intervention period warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars L Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Otto M Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
| | - Emil Sundstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Brandt
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Jay
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
| | - Thomas Clausen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
| | - Vilhelm Borg
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
| | - Roger Persson
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Workplace bullying as an antecedent of mental health problems: a five-year prospective and representative study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2014; 88:131-42. [PMID: 24840725 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-014-0944-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study investigates the proposed long-term relationship between exposure to workplace bullying and subsequent mental health in the form of anxiety and depression with a time lag of 5 years, exploring potential gender differences in these relationships. METHODS The study employs a prospective design with a 5-year time lag in a representative sample of the Norwegian workforce. A cohort of 1,613 employees reported on their exposure to workplace bullying and their symptoms of anxiety and depression at both measurement times. RESULTS The results showed exposure to workplace bullying to be a significant predictor of mental health problems 5 years on, even after controlling for baseline mental health status, gender, age, job-change, job demands and job control, yet for men only. Baseline levels of mental health problems in terms of symptoms of anxiety and depression did not predict subsequent exposure to bullying at follow-up among women, but anxiety did in the case of men. CONCLUSION Workplace bullying poses a serious long-term threat to the health and well-being of workers, at least for men. The results of the study pinpoint the need for mental health treatment as well as for preventive measures in relation to workplace bullying, and pinpoint the need for a gender perspective in these studies.
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Taris TW, Kompier MAJ. Cause and effect: Optimizing the designs of longitudinal studies in occupational health psychology. WORK AND STRESS 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2014.878494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rabe M, Giacomuzzi S, Nübling M. Psychosocial workload and stress in the workers' representative. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:909. [PMID: 23101876 PMCID: PMC3490715 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Using a data set of works councils of trade union IG Metal, this paper investigates psychosocial stress and strain on this specific group in comparison to employees working in administration in general (leadership and non-leadership-role) and a national reference value. Methods For assessing psychosocial work factors on works councils within the sector represented by the trade union IG Metal in Germany, a research by using the German standard version of COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) was performed. The instrument includes 87 single items forming 25 aspects of strain and stress. Results from the study group of works councils were compared to those from employees working in administration and to the general population mean (COPSOQ database). Statistical analysis included t-tests, analysis of variance and multiple comparisons of means. To be significant in terms of statistics, p<0.05 (two-tailed) and a minimum deviation of 5 or more points between groups′ mean values identify the relevant values. Results All in all, 309 works councils from a national survey of the German chemical and metalworking industries took part in the study. 113 were full-time works council members (exempted from the duty to perform their regular work), 196 were voluntary members (acting as employee representatives on an honorary basis alongside their normal duties). Comparison between works councils and employees working in administration (leadership roles (N=1810) and non-leadership roles (N=2970)) and for employees in general (N=35.000) showed unfavourable values for works councils for most scales. Significantly higher values indicating higher strain and stress were found for the scales: emotional demands, work-privacy conflict, role conflicts, mobbing, cognitive stress symptoms and burnout. Unfavourable results were obtained for the aspects: quality of leadership, social support, sense of community and general health. Favourable findings were found on the scales: influence at work, quantity of social relations and the partly positive values for quantitative demands and commitment to the workplace. Conclusion Compared to the reference groups, works council members perceive the psychosocial demands of working life as more exhausting for the majority of aspects. This allows several conclusions. One reason may be the extended tasks employee representatives face, an other may be that the education of most works council members does not seem appropriate to the high demands of their managerial and executive tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rabe
- Institute for Public Health, UMIT, The Health and Life Sciences University Hall, Tyrol, Austria.
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