The Effects of EEG Biofeedback Training on Visual Reaction Time in Judo Athletes

The aim of the study was to expand the current knowledge on the effects of EEG biofeedback training on the reaction time of judo athletes, as well as to develop an optimal EEG training protocol in terms of the number of sessions and their duration that would significantly improve the reaction time of athletes. The study included 24 male athletes from the national team of the Polish Judo Association. The selected group was randomly divided into two subgroups: experimental and control. The study was conducted in four cycles varying in terms of frequency and duration of neurofeedback (NFB) sessions, both in the control and experimental groups. In the experimental group, each training cycle consisted of 15 sessions, followed by a four-week break. The effects of NFB training on the visual reaction time of judo athletes were evaluated using computerized simple and complex reaction time tests along with selected trials of the Vienna Test System (VTS). Following NFB training according to the theta/beta1 protocol, while maintaining appropriate duration and frequency of individual training sessions, statistically significant improvements in reaction times to visual stimuli of athletes, both in simple and complex tasks, were observed in the experimental group. No such changes were found in the control group. The greatest improvement in reaction times was observed in complex tasks, indicating the high effectiveness of EEG biofeedback training in enhancing this ability.

Quantitative EEG evaluation for performance level analysis of professional female soccer players

Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) was used to investigate the brain activity of Thai professional female soccer team players who exhibit high performance. The QEEGs of 29 players were recorded three times: twice before a competition (once a week) and a week after a competition. The results of the brain topographic map (absolute power) in the alpha frequency band and the brain connectivity (coherence) in the delta frequency bands represented their anxiety and decision-making levels, respectively. These phenomena occurred in the brain activities of the athletes, which could be used to predict their performances during the competition. Moreover, the value of the correlation coefficient between the brain activity ranking and average performance score revealed a moderate to good relationship (r_s = .586, p = .001). These results support the association between brain activity and performance level during competition.