Relationship between clinical toxicities and ERCC1 rs3212986 and XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphisms in cervical cancer patients

Perspectives of ERCC1 in early-stage and advanced cervical cancer: From experiments to clinical applications

Cervical cancer is a public health problem of extensive clinical importance. Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) was found to be a promising biomarker of cervical cancer over the years. At present, there is no relevant review article that summarizes such evidence. In this review, nineteen eligible studies were included for evaluation and data extraction. Based on the data from clinical and experimental studies, ERCC1 plays a key role in the progression of carcinoma of the uterine cervix and the therapeutic response of chemoradiotherapy. The majority of the included studies (13/19, 68%) suggested that ERCC1 played a pro-oncogenic role in both early-stage and advanced cervical cancer. High expression of ERCC1 was found to be associated with the poor survival rates of the patients. ERCC1 polymorphism analyses demonstrated that ERCC1 might be a useful tool for predicting the risk of cervical cancer and the treatment-related toxicities. Experimental studies indicated that the biological effects exerted by ERCC1 in cervical cancer might be mediated by its associated genes and affected signaling pathways (i.e., XPF, TUBB3, and. To move towards clinical applications by targeting ERCC1 in cervical cancer, more clinical, in-vitro, and in-vivo investigations are still warranted in the future.

The ECCR1 rs11615, ERCC4 rs2276466, XPC rs2228000 and XPC rs2228001 polymorphisms increase the cervical cancer risk and aggressiveness in the Bangladeshi population

Background

Multiple studies around the world revealed that genetic polymorphism in different genes of the DNA repair system might affect the DNA repair capabilities and accelerate the chances of cervical cancer (CC) development. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association of DNA repair gene- ECCR1 rs11615, ERCC4 rs2276466, XPC rs2228000 and rs2228001 polymorphisms and CC susceptibility in the Bangladeshi population.

Methods

A case-control genetic association study was conducted among 210 patients with diagnostically confirmed CC and 200 healthy volunteers. The p-value and OR (odds ratios) with 95% CI (confidence interval) were evaluated to get the level of association.

Results

After the individual analysis of all SNPs, we noticed that ECCR1 rs11615 possessed a significantly lower risk, whereas ERCC4 rs2276466 possessed a significantly elevated risk of CC in all genetic models (p < 0.05). XPC rs2228000 showed a significantly lower risk of CC in TC, TC + CC genotypes and allele model (OR = 0.61, p = 0.025; OR = 0.61, p = 0.019 and OR = 0.67, p = 0.027, respectively), whereas XPC rs2228001 possessed a significantly elevated risk of CC in CA, CA + AA genotypes and allele model (OR = 1.67, p = 0.012; OR = 1.69, p = 0.009 and OR = 1.42, p = 0.022). Besides, ERCC4 rs2276466 (Grade III vs. I + II: OR = 4.01, p = 0.003) and XPC rs2228001 (Grade III vs. I + II: OR = 3.38, p = 0.003) were connected with high tumor aggressiveness and ERCC4 rs2276466 was also showed a lower risk of CC development in the younger population (<45 years).

Conclusion

The findings supported that rs2276466 and rs2228001 polymorphisms increase CC development and aggressiveness, whereas rs11615 and rs2228000 lower the CC risk in the studied population.

Prediction of mucositis risk secondary to cancer therapy: a systematic review of current evidence and call to action

PURPOSE

Despite advances in personalizing the efficacy of cancer therapy, our ability to identify patients at risk of severe treatment side effects and provide individualized supportive care is limited. This is particularly the case for mucositis (oral and gastrointestinal), with no comprehensive risk evaluation strategies to identify high-risk patients. We, the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society for Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) Mucositis Study Group, therefore aimed to systematically review current evidence on that factors that influence mucositis risk to provide a foundation upon which future risk prediction studies can be based.

METHODS

We identified 11,018 papers from PubMed and Web of Science, with 197 records extracted for full review and 113 meeting final eligibility criteria. Data were then synthesized into tables to highlight the level of evidence for each risk predictor.

RESULTS

The strongest level of evidence supported dosimetric parameters as key predictors of mucositis risk. Genetic variants in drug-metabolizing pathways, immune signaling, and cell injury/repair mechanisms were also identified to impact mucositis risk. Factors relating to the individual were variably linked to mucositis outcomes, although female sex and smoking status showed some association with mucositis risk.

CONCLUSION

Mucositis risk reflects the complex interplay between the host, tumor microenvironment, and treatment specifications, yet the large majority of studies rely on hypothesis-driven, single-candidate approaches. For significant advances in the provision of personalized supportive care, coordinated research efforts with robust multiplexed approaches are strongly advised.

Relationship between GSTP1 rs1695 gene polymorphism and myelosuppression induced by platinum-based drugs: a meta-analysis

Although many previous studies have reported the relationship between GSTP1 rs1695 gene polymorphism and myelosuppression induced by platinum-based drugs, the conclusions are not consistent. The aim of the study is to evaluate the association between granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia induced by platinum-based drugs and GSTP1 rs1695 gene polymorphism by meta-analysis. A literature search was performed using the Pubmed, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang databases, and the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the correlation. Finally,12 case-control studies comprising 1657 patients were included in our study. GSTP1 rs1695 gene polymorphism showed a significant correlation with granulocytopenia induced by platinum-based drugs (dominant genetic model: OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.19. 2.15, P=0.002; recessive genetic model: OR=3.72, 95% CI=1.73, 8.00, P=0.001; allelic genetic model: OR=1.76, 95% CI=1.34, 2.33, P=0.001). This gene polymorphism is not associated with thrombocytopenia (OR=0.87, 95% CI=0.47, 1.60, P=0.649). False-positive report probability showed that the association between polymorphism and adverse reactions is true. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable. However, there was a certain publication bias in the included studies. In conclusion, the GSTP1 rs1695 gene polymorphism is associated with granulocytopenia induced by platinum-based drugs.