1
|
Barbera V, Torrisi G, Galimberti M. Bionanocomposites based on a covalent network of chitosan and edge functionalized graphene layers. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 19:22808000211017431. [PMID: 34791937 DOI: 10.1177/22808000211017431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, carbon papers and aerogels were prepared from chitosan and graphene layers with aldehydic edge functional groups (G-CHO) able to form chemical bonds with chitosan and thus to form a crosslinked network. A high surface area graphite was edge functionalized with hydroxyl groups (G-OH) through the reaction with KOH. G-CHO, with 4.5 mmol/g of functional group, was prepared from G-OH by means of the Reimer-Tieman reaction. Characterization of the graphitic materials was performed with elemental analysis, titration, X-ray analysis, Raman spectroscopy and by estimating their Hansen solubility parameters. CS and G-CHO were mixed with mortar and pestle and carbon papers and aerogels were obtained from a stable acidic water suspension through casting and liophilization, respectively. Free standing and foldable carbon papers and monolithic aerogels based on a continuous covalent network between G-CHO and CS were prepared. G-CHO, which had about 22 stacked layers, was extensively exfoliated in the carbon paper, as confirmed by the absence of the 002 reflection of the graphitic crystallites in the XRD pattern. Carbon paper was found to be resistant to solvents and to be stable for pH ⩾ 7. Composites revealed electrical conductivity. The covalent network between the graphene layers and CS, suggested by the IR findings, accounts for these results. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of a continuous covalent network between chitosan and graphene layers edge functionalized with tailor made functional groups for the preparation of carbon papers and aerogels and paves the way for the scale up of such a type of composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzina Barbera
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Torrisi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Galimberti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo R, Ma X, Liao M, Liu Y, Hu Y, Qian X, Tang Q, Guo X, Chai R, Gao X, Tang M. Development and Application of Cochlear Implant-Based Electric-Acoustic Stimulation of Spiral Ganglion Neurons. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:6735-6741. [PMID: 33423491 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cochlear implants are currently the most effective treatment for profound sensorineural hearing loss. However, their therapeutic effect is limited by the survival and proper physiological function of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), which are targeted by the cochlear implant. It is therefore critical to explore the mechanism behind the effect of electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS) on the targeted SGNs. In this work, a biocompatible cochlear implant/graphene EAS system was created by combining a cochlear implant to provide the electrically transformed sound stimulation with graphene as the conductive neural interface. SGNs were cultured on the graphene and exposed to EAS from the cochlear implant. Neurite extension of SGNs was accelerated with long-term stimulation, which might contribute to the development of growth cones. Our system allows us to study the effects of cochlear implants on SGNs in a low-cost and time-saving way, and this might provide profound insights into the use of cochlear implants and thus be of benefit to the populations suffering from sensorineural hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Guo
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.,Research Institution of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P. R. China
| | - Menghui Liao
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yangnan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.,Research Institution of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P. R. China
| | - Qilin Tang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.,Research Institution of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P. R. China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.,Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang W, Sunami Y, Kimura H, Zhang S. Applications of Nanosheets in Frontier Cellular Research. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E519. [PMID: 30002280 PMCID: PMC6070807 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Several types of nanosheets, such as graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanosheets, have been developed and applied in vitro in cellular research over the past decade. Scientists have used nanosheet properties, such as ease of modification and flexibility, to develop new cell/protein sensing/imaging techniques and achieve regulation of specific cell functions. This review is divided into three main parts based on the application being examined: nanosheets as a substrate, nanosheets as a sensitive surface, and nanosheets in regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the applications of nanosheets are discussed, with two subsections in each section, based on their effects on cells and molecules. Finally, the application prospects of nanosheets in cellular research are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Huang
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yuta Sunami
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cheng C, Li S, Thomas A, Kotov NA, Haag R. Functional Graphene Nanomaterials Based Architectures: Biointeractions, Fabrications, and Emerging Biological Applications. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1826-1914. [PMID: 28075573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Functional graphene nanomaterials (FGNs) are fast emerging materials with extremely unique physical and chemical properties and physiological ability to interfere and/or interact with bioorganisms; as a result, FGNs present manifold possibilities for diverse biological applications. Beyond their use in drug/gene delivery, phototherapy, and bioimaging, recent studies have revealed that FGNs can significantly promote interfacial biointeractions, in particular, with proteins, mammalian cells/stem cells, and microbials. FGNs can adsorb and concentrate nutrition factors including proteins from physiological media. This accelerates the formation of extracellular matrix, which eventually promotes cell colonization by providing a more beneficial microenvironment for cell adhesion and growth. Furthermore, FGNs can also interact with cocultured cells by physical or chemical stimulation, which significantly mediate their cellular signaling and biological performance. In this review, we elucidate FGNs-bioorganism interactions and summarize recent advancements on designing FGN-based two-dimensional and three-dimensional architectures as multifunctional biological platforms. We have also discussed the representative biological applications regarding these FGN-based bioactive architectures. Furthermore, the future perspectives and emerging challenges will also be highlighted. Due to the lack of comprehensive reviews in this emerging field, this review may catch great interest and inspire many new opportunities across a broad range of disciplines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Cheng
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicholas A Kotov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ou L, Song B, Liang H, Liu J, Feng X, Deng B, Sun T, Shao L. Toxicity of graphene-family nanoparticles: a general review of the origins and mechanisms. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:57. [PMID: 27799056 PMCID: PMC5088662 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their unique physicochemical properties, graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) are widely used in many fields, especially in biomedical applications. Currently, many studies have investigated the biocompatibility and toxicity of GFNs in vivo and in intro. Generally, GFNs may exert different degrees of toxicity in animals or cell models by following with different administration routes and penetrating through physiological barriers, subsequently being distributed in tissues or located in cells, eventually being excreted out of the bodies. This review collects studies on the toxic effects of GFNs in several organs and cell models. We also point out that various factors determine the toxicity of GFNs including the lateral size, surface structure, functionalization, charge, impurities, aggregations, and corona effect ect. In addition, several typical mechanisms underlying GFN toxicity have been revealed, for instance, physical destruction, oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammatory response, apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis. In these mechanisms, (toll-like receptors-) TLR-, transforming growth factor β- (TGF-β-) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) dependent-pathways are involved in the signalling pathway network, and oxidative stress plays a crucial role in these pathways. In this review, we summarize the available information on regulating factors and the mechanisms of GFNs toxicity, and propose some challenges and suggestions for further investigations of GFNs, with the aim of completing the toxicology mechanisms, and providing suggestions to improve the biological safety of GFNs and facilitate their wide application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Song
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Huimin Liang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Jia Liu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Bin Deng
- The General Hospital of People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| |
Collapse
|