Regenerating gene 1B silencing inhibits colon cancer cell HCT116 proliferation and invasion

Pan-cancer analysis of NUP155 and validation of its role in breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis

NUP155 is reported to be correlated with tumor development. However, the role of NUP155 in tumor physiology and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) has not been previously examined. This study comprehensively investigated the expression, immunological function, and prognostic significance of NUP155 in different cancer types. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that NUP155 was upregulated in 26 types of cancer. Additionally, NUP155 upregulation was strongly correlated with advanced pathological or clinical stages and poor prognosis in several cancers. Furthermore, NUP155 was significantly and positively correlated with DNA methylation, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, and stemness score in most cancers. Additionally, NUP155 was also found to be involved in TIME and closely associated with tumor infiltrating immune cells and immunoregulation-related genes. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a strong correlation between NUP155 and immunomodulatory pathways, especially antigen processing and presentation. The role of NUP155 in breast cancer has not been examined. This study, for the first time, demonstrated that NUP155 was upregulated in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) cells and revealed its oncogenic role in BRCA using molecular biology experiments. Thus, our study highlights the potential value of NUP155 as a biomarker in the assessment of prognostic prediction, tumor microenvironment and immunotherapeutic response in pan-cancer.

Interdependencies of Gene Expression and Function between Two Redox Enzymes and REG Family Proteins in Murine Pancreatic Islets and Human Pancreatic Cells

Our laboratory previously revealed that regenerating islets-derived protein 2 (REG2) was diminished in pancreatic islets of glutathione peroxidase-1-overexpressing mice (Gpx1-OE). It remained unknown if there is an inverse relationship between the expression and function of all Reg family genes and antioxidant enzymes in the pancreatic islets or human pancreatic cells. This research was to determine how altering the Gpx1 and superoxide dismutase-1 (Sod1) genes alone or together (dKO) affected the expression of all seven murine Reg genes in murine pancreatic islets. In Experiment 1, Gpx1-/-, Gpx1-OE, their wild-type (WT), Sod1-/-, dKO, and their WT (male, 8-wk old, n = 4–6) were fed a Se-adequate diet and their islets were collected to assay the mRNA levels of Reg family genes. In Experiment 2, islets from the six groups of mice were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), REG2, or REG2 mutant protein (1 µg/mL), and/or GPX mimic (ebselen, 50 µM) and SOD mimic (copper [II] diisopropyl salicylate, CuDIPS, 10 µM) for 48 h before the proliferation assay using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). In Experiment 3, human pancreatic cells (PANC1) were treated with REG2 (1 µg/mL) and assayed for REG gene expression, GPX1 and SOD1 activities, viability, and responses to Ca2+. Compared with the WT, knockouts of Gpx1 and/or Sod1 up-regulated (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of most of the murine Reg genes in islets whereas the Gpx1 overexpression down-regulated (p < 0.05) Reg mRNA levels. REG2, but not the REG2 mutant, inhibited islet proliferation in Gpx1 or Sod1-altered mice. Such inhibition was abolished by co-incubation the Gpx1-/- islets with ebselen and the Sod1-/- islets with CuDIPS. Treating PANC1 cells with murine REG2 protein induced expression of its human orthologue REG1B and three other REG genes, but decreased SOD1 and GPX1 activities and cell viability. In conclusion, our results revealed an interdependence of REG family gene expression and/or function on intracellular GPX1 and SOD1 activities in murine islets and human pancreatic cells.

Transcriptome Related to Avoiding Immune Destruction in Nasopharyngeal Cancer in Indonesian Patients Using Next-Generation Sequencing

Objective:

This study aims to obtain the transcriptomes profile associated with avoiding immune destruction from nasopharyngeal cancer patients in Indonesia using next-generation sequencing.

Methods:

The samples are divided into two types of samples; 1) biopsy of nasopharyngeal cancer tissue samples, 2) brushing tissue of people without nasopharyngeal cancer as control samples. The sequencing results were mapped (HISAT2) and quantified (HTSeq) for differential expression analysis using edgeR software. Transcripts data analyzed with Pantherdb and DAVID software to find genes related to the immune system and pathways related to immune destruction by cancer.

Results:

The differential expression results show that 2,046 genes that have a significant differential expression. The 90 genes expression has down-regulated and 1,956 genes expression up-regulated, there are 20 genes related to the immune system. The 20 genes related to the immune system by analyzing lionproject.net that directly related to hallmark avoiding immune destruction that genes are CXCL9/10/11. The gene expression of CXCL9/10/11 regulates PD-L1 expressions via the Jak/STAT signaling pathway. The interaction between the extracellular domain PD-1 and PD-L1 in cancer cells have avoiding immune destruction.

Conclusion:

The results of this study suggest that the gene expression of CXCL9/10/11 have up-regulated is related to avoiding immune destruction that can use as an early detection biomarker of nasopharyngeal cancer in Indonesian patients.

Candidate genes involved in metastasis of colon cancer identified by integrated analysis

Colon cancer is one of the most malignant cancers worldwide. Nearly 20% of all colon cancer patients are diagnosed at stage IV (metastasis). However, further study of colon cancer is difficult due to a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis. In this study, we acquired high–throughput sequence data from TCGA datasets and performed integrated bioinformatic analysis including differential gene expression analysis, gene ontology and KEGG pathways analysis, protein–protein analysis, survival analysis, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis in order to identify a panel of key candidate genes involved in the metastasis of colon cancer. We then constructed a prognostic signature based on the expression of REG1B, TGM6, NTF4, PNMA5, and HOXC13 which could provide significant prognostic value for colon cancer.