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Trifiletti R, Lachman HM, Manusama O, Zheng D, Spalice A, Chiurazzi P, Schornagel A, Serban AM, van Wijck R, Cunningham JL, Swagemakers S, van der Spek PJ. Identification of ultra-rare genetic variants in pediatric acute onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) by exome and whole genome sequencing. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11106. [PMID: 35773312 PMCID: PMC9246359 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15279-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abrupt onset of severe neuropsychiatric symptoms including obsessive-compulsive disorder, tics, anxiety, mood swings, irritability, and restricted eating is described in children with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS). Symptom onset is often temporally associated with infections, suggesting an underlying autoimmune/autoinflammatory etiology, although direct evidence is often lacking. The pathological mechanisms are likely heterogeneous, but we hypothesize convergence on one or more biological pathways. Consequently, we conducted whole exome sequencing (WES) on a U.S. cohort of 386 cases, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) on ten cases from the European Union who were selected because of severe PANS. We focused on identifying potentially deleterious genetic variants that were de novo or ultra-rare (MAF) < 0.001. Candidate mutations were found in 11 genes (PPM1D, SGCE, PLCG2, NLRC4, CACNA1B, SHANK3, CHK2, GRIN2A, RAG1, GABRG2, and SYNGAP1) in 21 cases, which included two or more unrelated subjects with ultra-rare variants in four genes. These genes converge into two broad functional categories. One regulates peripheral immune responses and microglia (PPM1D, CHK2, NLRC4, RAG1, PLCG2). The other is expressed primarily at neuronal synapses (SHANK3, SYNGAP1, GRIN2A, GABRG2, CACNA1B, SGCE). Mutations in these neuronal genes are also described in autism spectrum disorder and myoclonus-dystonia. In fact, 12/21 cases developed PANS superimposed on a preexisting neurodevelopmental disorder. Genes in both categories are also highly expressed in the enteric nervous system and the choroid plexus. Thus, genetic variation in PANS candidate genes may function by disrupting peripheral and central immune functions, neurotransmission, and/or the blood-CSF/brain barriers following stressors such as infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Herbert M Lachman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Olivia Manusama
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Spalice
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Chiurazzi
- Sezione di Medicina Genomica, Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, UOC Genetica Medica, Rome, Italy
| | - Allan Schornagel
- GGZ-Delfland, Kinderpraktijk Zoetermeer, Zoetermeer, The Netherlands
| | - Andreea M Serban
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier van Wijck
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janet L Cunningham
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sigrid Swagemakers
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Spek
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Omidpanah N, Saadat M. Introducing a new index for selecting genetic polymorphisms for association studies. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:814-817. [PMID: 35949492 PMCID: PMC9360471 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Omidpanah
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Saadat
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Mostafa Saadat, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71467-13565, Iran, E-mail:
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Chbel F, Charroute H, Boulouiz R, Hamdaoui H, Mossafa H, Benrahma H, Ouldim K. Detection of a new deleterious
SGCE
gene variant in Moroccan family with inherited myoclonus–dystonia. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e05568. [PMID: 35340658 PMCID: PMC8931306 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoclonus–dystonia (M‐D) is a pleiotropic neuropsychiatric disorder with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance with variable severity and incomplete penetrance. Pathogenic variants in ξ‐sarcoglycan gene SGCE are the most frequently known genetic cause of M‐D with maternal imprinting, and in most cases, a symptomatic individual inherits the pathogenic variant from his or her father. This work reported a missense mutation c.662G> T inherited in the M‐D Moroccan family described for the first time, which is deleterious based on protein modeling analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Chbel
- National Reference Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS) Casablanca Morocco
- Laboratoire de BioGéosciences et Ingénierie de Matériaux Ecole Normale Supérieure Université Hassan II Casablanca Morocco
| | - Hicham Charroute
- Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Biostatistique et Bioinformatique Institut Pasteur du Maroc Casablanca Morocco
| | | | - Hasna Hamdaoui
- National Reference Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS) Casablanca Morocco
| | - Houssein Mossafa
- National Reference Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS) Casablanca Morocco
| | - Houda Benrahma
- National Reference Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS) Casablanca Morocco
- Université Mohamed IV des Sciences de la Santé Faculté de Médecine Casablanca Morocco
| | - Karim Ouldim
- National Reference Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS) Casablanca Morocco
- Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer Fès Morocco
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A mixed-ethnicity myoclonus-dystonia patient with a novel SGCE nonsense mutation: a case report. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:11. [PMID: 34986800 PMCID: PMC8729002 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02530-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myoclonus-dystonia is a rare movement disorder with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern characterized by a combination of myoclonic jerks and dystonia that may have psychiatric manifestations. Our aim is to present neurologic and psychiatric phenotypic characteristics in the first Filipino bi-ethnic myoclonus-dystonia patient and her father. Case presentation We investigated a Filipino myoclonus-dystonia patient with a positive family history. This 21-year-old woman of mixed Filipino-Greek ethnicity presented with involuntary jerking movements of her upper extremities, head, and trunk. Her symptoms affected her activities of daily living which led her to develop moderate depression, mild to moderate anxiety, and mild obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Her 49-year-old Greek father suffered from adolescence-onset myoclonus-dystonia. Conclusion Genetic testing revealed a novel epsilon-sarcoglycan (SGCE) gene nonsense mutation c.821C > A; p.Ser274* that confirmed our clinical diagnosis. For co-morbid anxiety, depression, and OCD, this patient was given duloxetine, in addition to clonazepam for the myoclonus and dystonia.
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