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Li R, Yang J, Ma J, Zhang A, Li H. Case report: Novel NUS1 variant in a Chinese patient with tremors and intellectual disability. Front Genet 2024; 15:1373448. [PMID: 38655050 PMCID: PMC11035736 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1373448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nuclear undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase 1 (NUS1) gene variants are associated with a range of phenotypes, including epilepsy, intellectual disability, cerebellar ataxia, Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and congenital disorders of glycosylation. Additionally, cases describing genotypes and clinical features are rare. Case Presentation Herein, we report the case of a 23-year-old Chinese female patient who presented with tremors, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. A history of carbon monoxide exposure, brain trauma, or encephalitis was not present in this case. Trio whole-exome sequencing analysis revealed a de novo pathogenic variant of c.750del in exon 4, leading to p.Leu251* amino acid substitution. Genetic analysis failed to identify the identical mutations in the remaining family members who underwent screening. The patient was diagnosed with a rare congenital disease, "congenital glycosylation disorder, type 1aa, autosomal dominant, type 55, with seizures (MRD-55)." Conclusion We provide further evidence for the role of variants in NUS1 in the development of tremors, epilepsy, and intellectual disabilities. These findings expand our understanding of the clinical phenotypes of NUS1 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolin Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Aimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hongfang Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Zimmern V, Minassian B. Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy: A Scoping Review of Diagnostic, Phenotypic and Therapeutic Advances. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:171. [PMID: 38397161 PMCID: PMC10888128 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The progressive myoclonus epilepsies (PME) are a diverse group of disorders that feature both myoclonus and seizures that worsen gradually over a variable timeframe. While each of the disorders is individually rare, they collectively make up a non-trivial portion of the complex epilepsy and myoclonus cases that are seen in tertiary care centers. The last decade has seen substantial progress in our understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and, in select disorders, therapies of these diseases. In this scoping review, we examine English language publications from the past decade that address diagnostic, phenotypic, and therapeutic advances in all PMEs. We then highlight the major lessons that have been learned and point out avenues for future investigation that seem promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Zimmern
- Division of Child Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
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Williams LJ, Waller S, Qiu J, Innes E, Elserafy N, Procopis P, Sampaio H, Mahant N, Tchan MC, Mohammad SS, Morales‐Briceño H, Fung VS. DHDDS and NUS1: A Converging Pathway and Common Phenotype. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2024; 11:76-85. [PMID: 38291835 PMCID: PMC10828623 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants in dehydrodolichol diphosphate synthetase (DHDDS) and nuclear undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase 1 (NUS1) cause a neurodevelopmental disorder, classically with prominent epilepsy. Recent reports suggest a complex movement disorder and an overlapping phenotype has been postulated due to their combined role in dolichol synthesis. CASES We describe three patients with heterozygous variants in DHDDS and five with variants affecting NUS1. They bear a remarkably similar phenotype of a movement disorder dominated by multifocal myoclonus. Diagnostic clues include myoclonus exacerbated by action and facial involvement, and slowly progressive or stable, gait ataxia with disproportionately impaired tandem gait. Myoclonus is confirmed with neurophysiology, including EMG of facial muscles. LITERATURE REVIEW Ninety-eight reports of heterozygous variants in DHDDS, NUS1 and chromosome 6q22.1 structural alterations spanning NUS1, confirm the convergent phenotype of hypotonia at birth, developmental delay, multifocal myoclonus, ataxia, dystonia and later parkinsonism with or without generalized epilepsy. Other features include periodic exacerbations, stereotypies, anxiety, and dysmorphisms. Although their gene products contribute to dolichol biosynthesis, a key step in N-glycosylation, transferrin isoform profiles are typically normal. Imaging is normal or non-specific. CONCLUSIONS Recognition of their shared phenotype may expedite diagnosis through chromosomal microarray and by including DHDDS/NUS1 in movement disorder gene panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Williams
- Movement Disorder Unit, Department of NeurologyWestmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Sophie Waller
- Movement Disorder Unit, Department of NeurologyWestmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jessica Qiu
- Movement Disorder Unit, Department of NeurologyWestmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Emily Innes
- TY Nelson Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Medicine SydneyThe University of Notre DameSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Noha Elserafy
- Department of Genomic MedicineWestmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Peter Procopis
- TY Nelson Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Hugo Sampaio
- Department of NeurologySydney Children's HospitalRandwickNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's and Children's HealthUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Neil Mahant
- Movement Disorder Unit, Department of NeurologyWestmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Michel C. Tchan
- Department of Genomic MedicineWestmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Shekeeb S. Mohammad
- TY Nelson Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
- Kids Neuroscience CentreThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Hugo Morales‐Briceño
- Movement Disorder Unit, Department of NeurologyWestmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Victor S.C. Fung
- Movement Disorder Unit, Department of NeurologyWestmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Ji C, Zhao J, Zhang J, Wang K. Novel NUS1 variant in a Chinese patient with progressive myoclonus epilepsy: a case report and systematic review. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:3495-3498. [PMID: 37249665 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06851-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants of the NUS1 gene have been associated with an extensive spectrum of phenotypes, including epilepsy, intellectual disability, cerebellar ataxia, Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and congenital disorder of glycosylation. It is rarely reported in progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME). METHODS AND RESULTS Herein, we report the case of PME caused by a novel de novo NUS1 missense variant (c.302T>A, p.Met101Lys). In addition, we reviewed the current literature of NUS1-associated PME. At present, five patients with NUS1 variants and PME have been reported in the literature. Due to limited cases reported, the relationship between NUS1 variants and PME is not well-established. CONCLUSIONS Our case provides further evidence of the role of NUS1 variants in PME. These findings expand the clinical phenotypes of NUS1 variants, which should be included in the PME genetic screening panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Ji
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianfang Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Hu Y, Huang M, Wen J, Gao J, Long W, Shen Y, Zeng Q, Chen Y, Zhang T, Liao J, Liu Q, Li N, Lin S. Case report: splicing effect of a novel heterozygous variant of the NUS1 gene in a child with epilepsy. Front Genet 2023; 14:1224949. [PMID: 37470039 PMCID: PMC10352580 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1224949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
NUS1 is responsible for encoding of the Nogo-B receptor (NgBR), which is a subunit of cis-prenyltransferase. Over 25 variants in NUS1 have been reported, and these variants have been found to be associated with various phenotypes, such as congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). We report on the case of a patient who presented with language and motor retardation, epilepsy, and electroencephalogram abnormalities. Upon conducting whole-exome sequencing, we discovered a novel pathogenic variant (chr6:118024873, NM_138459.5: c.791 + 6T>G) in NUS1, which was shown to cause Exon 4 to be skipped, resulting in a loss of 56 amino acids. Our findings strongly suggest that this novel variant of NUS1 is responsible for the development of neurological disorders, including epilepsy. It is believed that the truncation of Nogo-B receptor results in the loss of cis-prenyltransferase activity, which may be the underlying cause of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingwei Huang
- Aegicare (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Jialun Wen
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Aegicare (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiwei Long
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yansheng Shen
- Aegicare (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianxiang Liao
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiuli Liu
- Aegicare (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Aegicare (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Sufang Lin
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Canafoglia L, Zibordi F, Deleo F, Strigaro G, Varrasi C, Ciaccio C, Nardocci N, Panzica F, Franceschetti S, Sciacca FL. Rhythmic cortical myoclonus in patients with 6Q22.1 deletion. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2023; 44:25-27. [PMID: 36990055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
DNA deletions involving 6q22.1 region result in developmental encephalopathy (DE), often associated with movement disorders and epilepsy. The phenotype is attributed to the loss of the NUS1 gene included in the deleted region. Here we report three patients with 6q22.1 deletions of variable length all showing developmental delay, and rhythmic cortical myoclonus. Two patients had generalized seizures beginning in infancy. Myoclonic jerks had polygraphic features consistent with a cortical origin, also supported by cortico-muscular coherence analysis displaying a significant peak around 20 Hz contralateral to activated segment. Deletions in 6q22.1 region, similarly to NUS1 loss-of-function mutations, give rise to DE and cortical myoclonus via a haploinsufficiency mechanism. A phenotype of progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) may also occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Canafoglia
- Department of Diagnostic and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Zibordi
- Department of Paediatric Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesco Deleo
- Department of Diagnostic and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gionata Strigaro
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy.
| | - Claudia Varrasi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy.
| | - Claudia Ciaccio
- Department of Paediatric Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Paediatric Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
| | - Ferruccio Panzica
- Unit of Clinical and Biomedical Engineering, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
| | - Silvana Franceschetti
- Department of Diagnostic and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca L Sciacca
- Department of Diagnostic and Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
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