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Du L, Xu Y, Liu S, Yu G. A new species of Raorchestes (Anura, Rhacophoridae) from Yunnan Province, China. Zookeys 2024; 1192:213-235. [PMID: 38433760 PMCID: PMC10905625 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1192.106013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A new bush frog species is described from Yunnan, China, based on phylogenetic analyses, species delimitation analyses, and morphological comparisons. Raorchesteshekouensissp. nov. is distinguished from all other congeners by a combination of 11 morphological characters. The new species brings the current number of Raorchestes species in China to ten, nine of which are distributed in Yunnan. Molecular analyses supported an unnamed lineage previously recorded as "Raorchestesgryllus" in northern Vietnam. Further studies including additional samples are necessary to clarify the species diversity and boundaries of Raorchestes in China and Indochina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Du
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuhan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Guohua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
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2
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Mo Q, Sun T, Chen H, Yu G, Du L. Biogeographic Origin of Kurixalus (Anura, Rhacophoridae) on the East Asian Islands and Tempo of Diversification within Kurixalus. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2754. [PMID: 37685018 PMCID: PMC10486437 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ancestral area of Kurixalus on the East Asian islands is under dispute, and two hypotheses exist, namely that distribution occurred only on the Asian mainland (scenario of dispersal) and that wide distribution occurred on both the Asian mainland and the East Asian islands (scenario of vicariance). In this study, we conducted biogeographic analyses and estimated the lineage divergence times based on the most complete sampling of species, to achieve a more comprehensive understanding on the origin of Kurixalus on the East Asian islands. Our results revealed that the process of jump dispersal (founder-event speciation) is the crucial process, resulting in the distribution of Kurixalus on the East Asian islands, and supported the model of the Asian mainland origin: that Kurixalus on the East Asian islands originated from the Asian mainland through two long-distance colonization events (jump dispersal), via the model of vicariance of a widespread ancestor on both the Asian mainland and the East Asian islands. Our results indicated that choices of historical biogeography models can have large impacts on biogeographic inference, and the procedure of model selection is very important in biogeographic analysis. The diversification rate of Kurixaus has slightly decreased over time, although the constant-rate model cannot be rejected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Mo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (Q.M.); (T.S.); (H.C.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (Q.M.); (T.S.); (H.C.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (Q.M.); (T.S.); (H.C.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Guohua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (Q.M.); (T.S.); (H.C.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Lina Du
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (Q.M.); (T.S.); (H.C.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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3
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Krzikowski M, Nguyen TQ, Pham CT, Rödder D, Rauhaus A, Le MD, Ziegler T. Assessment of the threat status of the amphibians in Vietnam - Implementation of the One Plan Approach. NATURE CONSERVATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/natureconservation.49.82145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The current decline in global biodiversity is most evident in amphibians with 41% percent of all species worldwide classified as threatened with extinction. Hence, a major challenge in amphibian conservation is the high number of threatened species, leading to a common approach of identifying priority species and regions for conservation efforts. As a part of one of 36 globally designated biodiversity hotspots, Vietnam is considered to be of particular importance for conservation action. To improve amphibian conservation in Vietnam, this study provides an updated species list and assesses their threat status by compiling data from a variety of sources. Furthermore, a Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS) analysis was conducted to determine the representation of extant amphibians from Vietnam in zoos worldwide. The batrachofauna of Vietnam is characterized by a high level of species richness and local endemism as well as a high rate of new discoveries, with more than half of the endemic species reported exclusively from their type locality, making them especially vulnerable to extinction. Up to 18% of all amphibians extant in Vietnam and 28% of endemic species are classified as threatened with extinction by the IUCN. In many cases, the IUCN Red List status is either missing or outdated, highlighting the urgent need of action. Around 14% of endemic amphibian species have been recorded exclusively from unprotected areas, suggesting prioritization for further research and conservation measures. The continuing decline in many species remains an unresolved problem. As a guide for future research and conservation measures, a list of the top 57 species was compiled. In addition, according to the ZIMS analysis, only 8% of threatened and 3% of endemic amphibian taxa from Vietnam are currently kept in zoos worldwide, and a richness analysis revealed that the highest density of husbandries is found in Europe and North America. To achieve maximum outcome for the conservation of threatened species, this study recommends a general shift by zoos towards maintaining species in greater need of captive assurance populations and breeding programs to support integrative strategies that combine in situ and ex situ conservation efforts following the IUCN’s One Plan Approach.
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Messenger KR, Othman SN, Chuang MF, Yang Y, Borzée A. Description of a new Kurixalus species (Rhacophoridae, Anura) and a northwards range extension of the genus. Zookeys 2022; 1108:15-49. [PMID: 36760702 PMCID: PMC9848858 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1108.81725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of biodiversity before species become extinct is paramount to conservation, especially when the relevant species are far from their expected distribution and, thus, likely overlooked. Here, we describe a new Kurixalus species corresponding to a range extension of Kurixalus on the Asian mainland, with the closest population in Taiwan. The species diverged from its closest relative during the Late Pliocene to Pleistocene, ca. 3.06 Mya (HPD 95%: 5.82-0.01), based on calibrations with a relaxed clock species tree of unlinked mtDNA 12S rRNA and nuclear DNA TYR. The status of the newly-described species is also supported by a divergence in call properties and morphometrics. We named the species described here as Kurixalusinexpectatus sp. nov. due to the nature of the discovery, as well as the adjunct distribution of the species relative to its closest congeners. The species was found in Zhejiang Province and it represents a range extension of 663 km for the Kurixalus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R. Messenger
- Herpetology and Applied Conservation Lab, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Siti N. Othman
- Herpetology and Applied Conservation Lab, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Ming-Feng Chuang
- Laboratory of Animal Behaviour and Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Yi Yang
- Herpetology and Applied Conservation Lab, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Amaël Borzée
- Herpetology and Applied Conservation Lab, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037 China
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5
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Nguyen TV, Duong TV, Luu KT, Poyarkov NA. A new species of Kurixalus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from northern Vietnam with comments on the biogeography of the genus. J NAT HIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1728411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tan Van Nguyen
- Department of Species Conservation, Save Vietnam’s Wildlife Center, Ninh Binh, Vietnam
| | - Tang Van Duong
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kien Trung Luu
- Department of Science and International Cooperation, Pu Mat National Park, Nghe An, Vietnam
| | - Nikolay A. Poyarkov
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Tropical Ecology, Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Tominaga A, Matsui M, Shimoji N, Khonsue W, Wu C, Toda M, Eto K, Nishikawa K, Ota H. Relict distribution of
Microhyla
(Amphibia: Microhylidae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago: High diversity in East Asia maintained by insularization. ZOOL SCR 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masafumi Matsui
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Naoko Shimoji
- Faculty of Education University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Japan
| | - Wichase Khonsue
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Chi‐Shiun Wu
- Department of Life Science Chinese Culture University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Mamoru Toda
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Japan
| | - Koshiro Eto
- Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History & Human History Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Kanto Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Ota
- Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences University of Hyogo, and Museum of Nature and Human Activities Sanda Japan
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7
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Yu G, Hui H, Rao D, Yang J. A new species of Kurixalus from western Yunnan, China (Anura, Rhacophoridae). Zookeys 2018:211-226. [PMID: 30002595 PMCID: PMC6041353 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.770.23526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A new species of the genus Kurixalus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) is described from western Yunnan, China. Genetically the new species, Kurixalusyangisp. n., is closer to Kurixalusnaso than to other known congeners. Morphologically the new species is distinguished from all other known congeners by a combination of the following characters: smaller ratios of head, snout, limbs, IND, and UEW to body size; male body size larger than 30 mm; curved canthus rostralis; weak nuptial pad; brown dorsal color; absence of large dark spots on surface of upper-middle abdomen; presence of vomerine teeth; gold brown iris; single internal vocal sac; serrated dermal fringes along outer edge of limbs; granular throat and chest; rudimentary web between fingers; and presence of supernumerary tubercles and outer metacarpal tubercle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Hong Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Dingqi Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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8
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Ali JR. Geological data indicate that the interpretation for the age-calibrated phylogeny for the Kurixalus-genus frogs of South, South-east and East Asia (Lv et al., 2018) needs to be rethought. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 145:106053. [PMID: 29448062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, Lv et al. (2018) published an age-calibrated phylogenetic tree for the Kurixalus frogs, members of which occur across parts of South, South-east and East Asia. A clade on Taiwan, represented by Kurixalus idiootocus and the Kurixalus eiffingeri species complex, is deemed to have been resident since the middle Cenozoic; its closest congeners are in southern Indochina (not in the adjacent parts of south-east China), and the split between the two is dated at 32.8 Ma. Furthermore, a sub-population of Kurixalus eiffingeri is believed to have colonized islands in the western Ryukyus c. 13.5 Ma. There is, however, a problem with this scenario: the landmass regarded as modern-day Taiwan has existed only for 4-5 million years (it results from a young and ongoing tectonic-plate collision). Assuming the Kurixalus phylogeny and the dating of its branchings are correct, then a palaeobiogeographical scenario involving an older, alternative land surface with later transfer to Taiwan, possibly involving over-water dispersal, would reconcile the biology, but testing this may be difficult/impossible. If the ages of the nodes in the proposed tree are found to be significantly overestimated, the geology and biology might more easily be accommodated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Ali
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
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Wostl E, Riyanto A, Hamidy A, Kurniawan N, Smith EN, Harvey MB. A Taxonomic Revision of thePhilautus(Anura: Rhacophoridae) of Sumatra with the Description of Four New Species. HERPETOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS 2017. [DOI: 10.1655/herpmonographs-d-16-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Wostl
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Awal Riyanto
- Laboratory of Herpetology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences–LIPI, Widyasatwa Loka Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor km 46, Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia
| | - Amir Hamidy
- Laboratory of Herpetology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences–LIPI, Widyasatwa Loka Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor km 46, Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia
| | - Nia Kurniawan
- Department of Biology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia
| | - Eric N. Smith
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Michael B. Harvey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Broward College, 3501 S.W. Davie Road; Davie, FL 33314, USA
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Yu G, Rao D, Matsui M, Yang J. Coalescent-based delimitation outperforms distance-based methods for delineating less divergent species: the case of Kurixalus odontotarsus species group. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16124. [PMID: 29170403 PMCID: PMC5700917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Few empirical studies have compared coalescent-based methods to distance-based methods for delimitation of less divergent species. In this study, we used two coalescent-based (BFD and BPP) and two distance-based barcoding (ABGD and jMOTU) methods to delimit closely related species in the Kurixalus odontotarsus species group. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the K. odontotarsus species group comprises 11 distinct maternal clades with strong support values. Based on the genetic and morphological evidences, we consider that species diversity in the K. odontotarsus species group was underestimated and the 11 clades represent 11 species, of which six are unnamed. The coalescent-based delimitations decisively supported the scenario of 11-species corresponding to the 11 clades. However, the distance-based ABGD only obtained 3-6 candidate species, which is not consistent with morphological evidence. These results indicate that BFD and BPP are more conservative than ABGD to false negatives (lumping). Method of fixed threshold (jMOTU) may obtain a resolution similar to that inferred by BFD and BPP, but it severely relies on subjective choice of the threshold and lacks statistical support. We consider that coalescent-based BFD and BPP approaches outperform distance-based methods for delineation of less divergent species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Dingqi Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Masafumi Matsui
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu, Kakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Junxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.
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11
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A comprehensive phylogeny of the genus Kurixalus (Rhacophoridae, Anura) sheds light on the geographical range evolution of frilled swamp treefrogs. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 121:224-232. [PMID: 28987637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the genus Kurixalus comprises 14 species distributed in Southern, Southeast and East Asia. Because of their relatively low dispersal capability and intolerance of seawater, this group is ideal for the study of terrestrial range evolution, especially that portion of its range that extends into the island archipelagos of Southern Asia. We assembled a large dataset of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, and estimated phylogeny by maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods, and we explored the history of each species via divergence-time estimation based on fossil-calibrations. A variety of ancestral-area reconstruction strategies were employed to estimate past changes of the species' geographical range, and to evaluate the impact of different abiotic barriers on range evolution. We found that frilled swamp treefrogs probably originated in Taiwan or South Vietnam in the Oligocene. Alternatively, the lineage leading to Kurixalus appendiculatus strongly supports a hypothesis of terrestrial connection between the Indian and Asian continents in the Oligocene. The outcome of both our divergence-time estimates and ancestral-area reconstruction suggests that the divergence between species from Indochina and Taiwan can probably be attributed to the opening of the South China Sea, approximately 33 million years ago. We could not find evidence for dispersal between mainland China and Taiwan Island. Formation of both Mekong and Red River valleys did not have any impact on Kurixalus species diversification. However, coincidence in timing of climate change and availability of plausible dispersal routes from the Oligocene to the middle Miocene, plausibly implied that Kurixalus diversification in Asia resulted from contemporaneous, climate-induced environmental upheaval (Late Oligocene Warming at 29 Ma; Mi-1 glaciation since 24.4-21.5 Ma; Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum at 14 Ma), which alternatively opened and closed dispersal routes.
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12
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Yu G, Wang J, Hou M, Rao D, Yang J. A new species of the genus Kurixalus from Yunnan, China (Anura, Rhacophoridae). Zookeys 2017:71-93. [PMID: 29134000 PMCID: PMC5672778 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.694.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new species of the genus Kurixalus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) is described from Yunnan, China based on morphological and molecular evidence. The new species, Kurixalus lenquanensissp. n., is distinguished from other congeneric species by a combination of (1) smaller body size (SVL in males ranges from 25.0 to 28.9 mm), (2) obtusely pointed snout with no prominence on tip, (3) rough and brown dorsum with darker mark, (4) absence of large dark spots on ventral surface, (5) brownish clouded chin, (6) granular throat, chest, and belly, (7) presence of vomerine teeth, (8) serrated dermal fringes along outer edge of limbs, (9) slight nuptial pad, (10) golden brown iris, and (11) single internal vocal sac. The new species is known only from montane scrub vegetation at the type locality (Lenquan Village, Mengzi City, Yunnan Province) and Yangjiatian Village, Gejiu City, Yunnan Province. Genetically, the new species is nested within a clade of Taiwanese Kurixalus and recovered as the sister taxon to Kurixalus idiootocus with strong support values, indicating that the ancestor of this new species might have come from Taiwan Island or the ancestor of this new species may have been widespread in southern China and the descendent species in between Taiwan and Yunnan has become extinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Yu
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Jishan Wang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China.,Kunming Institute of survey & design, State Forestry Administration, Kunming, Yunnan 650216, China
| | - Mian Hou
- Institute of Continuing Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Dingqi Rao
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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13
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Wu SP, Huang CC, Tsai CL, Lin TE, Jhang JJ, Wu SH. Systematic revision of the Taiwanese genus Kurixalus members with a description of two new endemic species (Anura, Rhacophoridae). Zookeys 2016:121-53. [PMID: 26877703 PMCID: PMC4740841 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.557.6131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new species of rhacophorid tree frog were identified in Taiwan. In both new taxa, derived reproductive characteristics of laying eggs in tree holes and oophagous tadpoles are shared with Kurixalus eiffingeri, but they are divergent from each other in molecular genetics, mating calls, and tadpole and adult morphology. The morphological characteristics and the molecular phylogenetic evidence support the hypothesis that the two new species, Kurixalus berylliniris sp. n. and Kurixalus wangi sp. n., are both monophyletic lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Wu
- Department of Earth and Life Science, University of Taipei. No.1, Ai-Guo West Road, Taipei, 10048 Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Chi-Li Tsai
- Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, 1, Ming-shen East Road, Chichi Township, Nantou County 55244, Taiwan
| | - Te-En Lin
- Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, 1, Ming-shen East Road, Chichi Township, Nantou County 55244, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Jia Jhang
- Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, 1, Ming-shen East Road, Chichi Township, Nantou County 55244, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hai Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, No. 250, Guo-Guang Road, Taichung City, 40227 Taiwan
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14
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Biju SD, Senevirathne G, Garg S, Mahony S, Kamei RG, Thomas A, Shouche Y, Raxworthy CJ, Meegaskumbura M, Van Bocxlaer I. Frankixalus, a New Rhacophorid Genus of Tree Hole Breeding Frogs with Oophagous Tadpoles. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145727. [PMID: 26790105 PMCID: PMC4720377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite renewed interest in the biogeography and evolutionary history of Old World tree frogs (Rhacophoridae), this family still includes enigmatic frogs with ambiguous phylogenetic placement. During fieldwork in four northeastern states of India, we discovered several populations of tree hole breeding frogs with oophagous tadpoles. We used molecular data, consisting of two nuclear and three mitochondrial gene fragments for all known rhacophorid genera, to investigate the phylogenetic position of these new frogs. Our analyses identify a previously overlooked, yet distinct evolutionary lineage of frogs that warrants recognition as a new genus and is here described as Frankixalusgen. nov. This genus, which contains the enigmatic ‘Polypedates’ jerdonii described by Günther in 1876, forms the sister group of a clade containing Kurixalus, Pseudophilautus, Raorchestes, Mercurana and Beddomixalus. The distinctiveness of this evolutionary lineage is also corroborated by the external morphology of adults and tadpoles, adult osteology, breeding ecology, and life history features.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Biju
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Gayani Senevirathne
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Sonali Garg
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Stephen Mahony
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.,School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Rachunliu G Kamei
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.,Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, United Kingdom
| | - Ashish Thomas
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.,Department of Environmental Studies, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Yogesh Shouche
- Microbial Culture Collection, National Center for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 007, India
| | - Christopher J Raxworthy
- Herpetology Department, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York, 10024, United States of America
| | - Madhava Meegaskumbura
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Ines Van Bocxlaer
- Amphibian Evolution Lab, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
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15
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Tominaga A, Matsui M, Eto K, Ota H. Phylogeny and Differentiation of Wide-Ranging Ryukyu Kajika FrogBuergeria japonica(Amphibia: Rhacophoridae): Geographic Genetic Pattern Not Simply Explained by Vicariance Through Strait Formation. Zoolog Sci 2015; 32:240-7. [DOI: 10.2108/zs140227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Nguyen TT, Matsui M, Eto K. Mitochondrial phylogeny of an Asian tree frog genus Theloderma (Anura: Rhacophoridae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2015; 85:59-67. [PMID: 25683047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We assessed phylogenetic and systematic relationships among 17 out of 23 species of Theloderma and all three species of Nyctixalus from 2412bp sequences of the mitochondrial DNA genes of 12S rRNA, tRNA(val), and 16S rRNA using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. With the exception of T. moloch, Theloderma and Nyctixalus are confirmed to form a clade, in which each genus also forms a clade. Theloderma moloch is phylogenetically outside these clades and closer to samples from Chiromantis, Feihyla, Gracixalus, Kurixalus, Philautus, Polypedates, Raorchestes, and Rhacophorus. Within Theloderma, T. horridum and T. stellatum form the sister taxon to a clade comprising the remaining species. The basal split within the latter clade groups T. asperum, T. licin, T. petilum, and T. ryabovi as the sister to a clade comprising T. bicolor, T. chuyangsinense, T. corticale, T. gordoni, T. laeve, T. lateriticum, T. nebulosum, T. rhododiscus, and T. truongsonense. Our phylogenetic results indicate homoplastic evolution of four morphological characters: small vs. large body size, presence of vomerine teeth, presence of a vocal opening in males, and interdigital webbing on hands. The common ancestor of Theloderma and Nyctixalus is inferred to have arisen in the area including the current Sunda region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Thien Nguyen
- Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Masafumi Matsui
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Koshiro Eto
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Kyoto University Museum, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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