Atypical steatocystoma multiplex with calcification

Genus Berberis: A Comprehensive and Updated Review on Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities

Genus Berberis is an excellent choice for research due to its history in traditional medicine, diverse pharmacological properties, and it has potential for drug discovery. This review presents information on the ethnobotany, pharmacological activities, and many phytochemicals identified from Berberis species. It examines the existing literature on the genus Berberis, drawn from online databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Elsevier, and Google Scholar, etc encompassing the data from 1960 to 2023. This review focuses on the structural details of reported phytochemicals of Berberis species and pharmacological actions. Different extraction techniques were evaluated for extracts preparation. According to literature review, phytochemical analysis exhibited the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. A major bioactive alkaloid, berberine exhibits its main role in treatment of many gastric, infectious, and chronic disorders. This literature indicates that Berberis genus exhibits a variety of biological activities, i.e anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and antioxidant activities and utilization of these effects in the treatment and management of various diseases, like diabetes, microbial infections, inflammation, liver disorders, and cancer. However, conventional medicines, validation of traditional uses, and in-depth phytochemical analysis are areas of research in genus Berberis.

Idiopathic Scrotal Calcinosis - A Case Report

Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis is a rare disorder presenting with firm and painless nodules on the scrotal skin. The most common site is the frontal aspect of the scrotum whereas the dorsal aspect with the transition to the perineum is rarely involved. Surgery is the gold standard of treatment.

Increased FDG uptake in scrotal steatocystoma multiplex with calcification

Steatocystoma multiplex is a rare, benign, sporadic or familial disorder. Steatocystoma multiplex with extensive calcification is extremely rare. A 57-year-old man presented fever and cough with expectoration for 3 weeks. Chest CT showed bilateral pleural effusion. FDG PET/CT showed diffuse FDG uptake of the bone marrow and multiple hypermetabolic calcified nodules in the scrotum with SUVmax of 7.6. Blood culture revealed septicemia. Skin biopsy of the scrotal nodules revealed steatocystoma multiplex with calcification. Histopathologically, there were rich multinucleated giant cells and lymphocytes in the cyst wall of the steatocystoma, which may contribute to the increased FDG uptake.