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Zhang X. An online tool for survival prediction of extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma with random forest. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1166424. [PMID: 37456228 PMCID: PMC10346459 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1166424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) is rare, and its knowledge is mainly extrapolated from small cell lung carcinoma. Reliable survival prediction tools are lacking. Methods A total of 3,921 cases of EPSCC were collected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database, which form the training and internal validation cohorts of the survival prediction model. The endpoint was an overall survival of 0.5-5 years. Internal validation performances of machine learning algorithms were compared, and the best model was selected. External validation (n = 68) was performed to evaluate the generalization ability of the selected model. Results Among machine learning algorithms, the random forest model performs best on internal validation, whose area under the curve (AUC) is 0.736-0.800. The net benefit is higher than the TNM classification in decision curve analysis. The AUC of this model on the external validation cohort is 0.739-0.811. This model was then deployed online as a free, publicly available prediction tool of EPSCC (http://42.192.80.13:4399/). Conclusion This study provides an excellent online survival prediction tool for EPSCC with machine learning and large-scale data. Age, TNM stages, and surgery (including potential performance status information) are the most critical factors for the prediction model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Heydari R, Motieiyan E, Aliabadi A, Abdolmaleki S, Ghadermazi M, Yarmohammadi N. Synthesis, crystallographic studies, electrochemical and in vitro cytotoxicity properties of two Mn(II) and U(IV) complexes containing dipicolinic acid and 4-dimethylaminopyridine. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhu J, Feng Y, Fan M, He X, Wang L. Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma combined with squamous carcinoma of the ureter after renal transplantation: a rare case report. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:1357-1362. [PMID: 31933950 PMCID: PMC6947063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A 47-year-old female presented with a 1-month history of painless gross hematuria after undergoing kidney transplant 4 years. Computed tomography revealed mass-like soft tissue density in the middle-lower portion of the right autologous ureter, which was up to the upper margin of the fourth lumbar vertebra, down to the distal ureter near the entrance of the bladder. The patient underwent right autologous nephroureterectomy resection. Gross examination showed a white, partly yellow mass in the middle-lower portion of ureter. Light microscopy showed a small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) admixed with squamous carcinoma, invading the ureter wall to periureteric fat tissue, and there was invasion of the lymphatic and renal portal vein. The SCNEC was diffusely positive for CD56 and syn, and squamous carcinoma was positive for P40, P63 and CK5/6. Ureteral SCNEC is a rare malignant tumor with high invasiveness and poor prognosis. Diagnosis mainly depends on pathologic morphology and immunohistochemical markers. Positive neuroendocrine markers are one of the important references for this tumor. Surgical treatment and postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the main treatments according to cases reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yupeng Feng
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Miao Fan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianghong He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liantang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Farci F, Manassero F, Baldesi R, Bartolucci A, Boldrini L, Selli C, Faviana P. Primary small cell carcinoma of the ureter: Case report and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11113. [PMID: 29901633 PMCID: PMC6023684 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Primitive small cell carcinoma of the ureter is extremely rare, in this case report is meticulously described its aggressive clinical course and the pathological clues that help with the diagnosis. Also, a detailed table with the clinico-pathological features of analogous case reports in literature is provided. PATIENT CONCERNS A 79-year-old female presented with gross hematuria and flank pain. DIAGNOSES Small cell carcinoma of the ureter. The surgical specimen showed a mixed histology of small cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma; the common neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin A, synaptophysin, CD56) were positive, and vimentin and thyroid transcription factor 1 were negative. The patient had an advanced stage at presentation with regional nodes involvement (pT3N1). INTERVENTIONS Segmental ureterectomy was performed but it was only possible to administer 1 cycle of platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy due to the rapid decline of her clinical parameters. OUTCOMES The disease rapidly spread locally and metastasized. LESSON The clinicians must be aware of this aggressive tumor with silent clinical course and advanced stages at presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Farci
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa
| | - Francesca Manassero
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ramona Baldesi
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annamaria Bartolucci
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa
| | - Laura Boldrini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa
| | - Cesare Selli
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pinuccia Faviana
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa
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Erdem GU, Özdemir NY, Demirci NS, Şahin S, Bozkaya Y, Zengin N. Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: changing trends in the current literature. Curr Med Res Opin 2016; 32:1013-21. [PMID: 26889739 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2016.1155982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (SmCC), also known as oat cell carcinoma or small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, is characterized by an aggressive clinical course with early metastasis pattern and a short life expectancy. So far, there is no prospective, data-based case-control study due to its low incidence. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the epidemiology, morphopathology, clinical characteristics, differential diagnosis and treatment of bladder SmCC in the light of the literature. Scope PubMed and American Society of Clinical Oncology Meeting abstracts were searched according to the following keywords: 'extrapulmonary SmCC', 'bladder cancer', and 'therapeutic approach'. The last search was performed on 1 October 2015. Some additional papers were determined by reviewing references of the appropriate articles. Most of the data regarding small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (SmCCB) were found to be based on the retrospective trials. Findings Bladder SmCC is more frequent in men and usually appears in the seventh to eighth decades. Macroscopic hematuria is the most common clinical symptom. The diagnosis of SmCCB is performed based on the same criteria determined by the WHO classification for the diagnosis of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Prognosis is closely correlated with the stage at presentation. Although the prognosis of the disease is poor, a long survival can be achieved particularly by radical surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early stage tumors. Cystectomy is still the current standard local treatment. However, cystectomy alone is not sufficient. Chemotherapy and definitive radiotherapy should be preferred for limited disease in patients who are not candidate for surgery. Conclusion Considering the poor prognosis of the disease, further studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment options and new molecular markers in the way of early diagnosis and favorable outcomes. Prospective, multicenter, randomized studies are required to evaluate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed either by surgery or radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökmen Umut Erdem
- a Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nuriye Yıldırım Özdemir
- a Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nebi Serkan Demirci
- a Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Süleyman Şahin
- b Dışkapı Education and Research Hospital , Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Yakup Bozkaya
- a Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nurullah Zengin
- a Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
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Lee HY, Wu WJ, Tsai KB, Shen JT, Jang MY, Wang HS, Chang SF, Tsai LJ. Primary small cell carcinoma of kidney after renal transplantation: a case report and literature review. Chin J Cancer Res 2013; 25:608-11. [PMID: 24255587 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-9604.2013.10.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) is a rare neoplasm comprising 2.5% to 5% of small cell carcinomas (SCCs). Bladder SCC is the most common site of genitourinary tract. Primary renal SCC is extremely rare. We report a case of primary SCC of the kidney which is rarely reported in the urinary tract and presents an aggressive clinical picture. A 59-year-old female visited a urologic clinic with complaint of persistent left flank soreness 10 years after undergoing renal transplantation. Abdominal computed tomography showed a left renal pelvis tumor. After the patient received left nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff resection, her pathology results showed SCC. After surgery, she received adjuvant systemic chemotherapy, and her recovery has been uneventful as of 8 months. Primary renal SCC presents with an advanced tumor stage and a short median survival period, therefore early intervention and close follow-up are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Ying Lee
- Department of Urology, Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
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Pervez N, El-Gehani F, Joseph K, Dechaphunkul A, Kamal M, Pertschy D, Venner P, Ghosh S, North S. Genitourinary small-cell carcinoma: a single-institution experience. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:258-64. [PMID: 24155630 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small-cell carcinomas (sccs) of the genitourinary (gu) tract are rare systemic diseases, and there is no standard treatment strategy for patients with this malignancy. The objectives of the present study were to report the management and outcome of patients with scc of the gu tract treated at a tertiary-care institution from 1982 to 2009. METHODS In a chart review of all patients diagnosed with scc of the gu tract between 1982 and 2009, data on demographics, clinical and pathologic characteristics, treatment, and patient outcomes were collected. RESULTS The 58 patients identified had scc in the following primary sites: urinary bladder (n = 35), prostate (n = 17), and upper urinary tract (n = 6). In 38 patients (66%), the scc was of pure histology; in the remainder, histology was mixed. Overall, 28 patients had limited-stage disease; 24 had extensive-stage disease; and staging was unknown in 6 patients. Median survival for the entire cohort was 7.5 months, with extensive-stage disease being identified as a poor prognostic factor (survival was 22.0 months for limited-stage patients and 4.1 months for extensive-stage patients, p < 0.001). Based on site, prostate patients fared worst, with a median survival of only 5.1 months. Compared with best supportive care, treatment was associated with better outcomes (median survival: 12.3 months vs. 2.3 months, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Small-cell cancer of the gu tract is an aggressive cancer, with a poor prognosis overall. Although there is no standard of care, patients should be treated using a multimodality approach analogous to that used in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pervez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alberta and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB
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Moretto P, Wood L, Emmenegger U, Blais N, Mukherjee SD, Winquist E, Belanger EC, MacRae R, Balogh A, Cagiannos I, Kassouf W, Black P, Czaykowski P, Gingerich J, North S, Ernst S, Richter S, Sridhar S, Reaume MN, Soulieres D, Eisen A, Canil CM. Management of small cell carcinoma of the bladder: Consensus guidelines from the Canadian Association of Genitourinary Medical Oncologists (CAGMO). Can Urol Assoc J 2013; 7:E44-56. [PMID: 23671508 PMCID: PMC3650822 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Moretto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Lori Wood
- Division of Medical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - Urban Emmenegger
- Division of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Normand Blais
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | | | - Eric Winquist
- Division of Medical Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON
| | - Eric Charles Belanger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Anatomical Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Robert MacRae
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Anatomical Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Alexander Balogh
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB
| | - Ilias Cagiannos
- Division of Urology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Wassim Kassouf
- Division of Urology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC
| | - Peter Black
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Piotr Czaykowski
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB
| | - Joel Gingerich
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB
| | - Scott North
- Cross Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Scott Ernst
- Division of Medical Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON
| | - Suzanne Richter
- Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - Srikala Sridhar
- Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - M. Neil Reaume
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Denis Soulieres
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Andrea Eisen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Christina M. Canil
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
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