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Jiang MQ, Yu SP, Estaba T, Choi E, Berglund K, Gu X, Wei L. Reprogramming Glioblastoma Cells into Non-Cancerous Neuronal Cells as a Novel Anti-Cancer Strategy. Cells 2024; 13:897. [PMID: 38891029 PMCID: PMC11171681 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with a high mortality rate. Direct reprogramming of glial cells to different cell lineages, such as induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) and induced neurons (iNeurons), provides genetic tools to manipulate a cell's fate as a potential therapy for neurological diseases. NeuroD1 (ND1) is a master transcriptional factor for neurogenesis and it promotes neuronal differentiation. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the expression of ND1 in GBM cells can force them to differentiate toward post-mitotic neurons and halt GBM tumor progression. In cultured human GBM cell lines, including LN229, U87, and U373 as temozolomide (TMZ)-sensitive and T98G as TMZ-resistant cells, the neuronal lineage conversion was induced by an adeno-associated virus (AAV) package carrying ND1. Twenty-one days after AAV-ND1 transduction, ND1-expressing cells displayed neuronal markers MAP2, TUJ1, and NeuN. The ND1-induced transdifferentiation was regulated by Wnt signaling and markedly enhanced under a hypoxic condition (2% O2 vs. 21% O2). ND1-expressing GBM cultures had fewer BrdU-positive proliferating cells compared to vector control cultures. Increased cell death was visualized by TUNEL staining, and reduced migrative activity was demonstrated in the wound-healing test after ND1 reprogramming in both TMZ-sensitive and -resistant GBM cells. In a striking contrast to cancer cells, converted cells expressed the anti-tumor gene p53. In an orthotopical GBM mouse model, AAV-ND1-reprogrammed U373 cells were transplanted into the fornix of the cyclosporine-immunocompromised C57BL/6 mouse brain. Compared to control GBM cell-formed tumors, cells from ND1-reprogrammed cultures formed smaller tumors and expressed neuronal markers such as TUJ1 in the brain. Thus, reprogramming using a single-factor ND1 overcame drug resistance, converting malignant cells of heterogeneous GBM cells to normal neuron-like cells in vitro and in vivo. These novel observations warrant further research using patient-derived GBM cells and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models as a potentially effective treatment for a deadly brain cancer and likely other astrocytoma tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Q. Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA; (M.Q.J.); (T.E.); (E.C.); (X.G.)
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA; (M.Q.J.); (T.E.); (E.C.); (X.G.)
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
| | - Takira Estaba
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA; (M.Q.J.); (T.E.); (E.C.); (X.G.)
| | - Emily Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA; (M.Q.J.); (T.E.); (E.C.); (X.G.)
| | - Ken Berglund
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Xiaohuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA; (M.Q.J.); (T.E.); (E.C.); (X.G.)
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA; (M.Q.J.); (T.E.); (E.C.); (X.G.)
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Mitchell W, Goeminne LJE, Tyshkovskiy A, Zhang S, Chen JY, Paulo JA, Pierce KA, Choy AH, Clish CB, Gygi SP, Gladyshev VN. Multi-omics characterization of partial chemical reprogramming reveals evidence of cell rejuvenation. eLife 2024; 12:RP90579. [PMID: 38517750 PMCID: PMC10959535 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Partial reprogramming by cyclic short-term expression of Yamanaka factors holds promise for shifting cells to younger states and consequently delaying the onset of many diseases of aging. However, the delivery of transgenes and potential risk of teratoma formation present challenges for in vivo applications. Recent advances include the use of cocktails of compounds to reprogram somatic cells, but the characteristics and mechanisms of partial cellular reprogramming by chemicals remain unclear. Here, we report a multi-omics characterization of partial chemical reprogramming in fibroblasts from young and aged mice. We measured the effects of partial chemical reprogramming on the epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, phosphoproteome, and metabolome. At the transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome levels, we saw widescale changes induced by this treatment, with the most notable signature being an upregulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, at the metabolome level, we observed a reduction in the accumulation of aging-related metabolites. Using both transcriptomic and epigenetic clock-based analyses, we show that partial chemical reprogramming reduces the biological age of mouse fibroblasts. We demonstrate that these changes have functional impacts, as evidenced by changes in cellular respiration and mitochondrial membrane potential. Taken together, these results illuminate the potential for chemical reprogramming reagents to rejuvenate aged biological systems and warrant further investigation into adapting these approaches for in vivo age reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Mitchell
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Ludger JE Goeminne
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Alexander Tyshkovskiy
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Sirui Zhang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Julie Y Chen
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Kerry A Pierce
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
| | | | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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3
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Ghosh A, Som A. Network analysis of transcriptomic data uncovers molecular signatures and the interplay of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs in human embryonic stem cells. Differentiation 2024; 135:100738. [PMID: 38008592 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence has shown that besides the protein coding genes, the non-coding elements of the genome are indispensable for maintaining the property of self-renewal in human embryonic stem cells and in cell fate determination. However, the regulatory mechanisms and the landscape of interactions between the coding and non-coding elements is poorly understood. In this work, we used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on transcriptomic data retrieved from RNA-seq and small RNA-seq experiments and reconstructed the core human pluripotency network (called PluriMLMiNet) consisting of 375 mRNA, 57 lncRNA and 207 miRNAs. Furthermore, we derived networks specific to the naïve and primed states of human pluripotency (called NaiveMLMiNet and PrimedMLMiNet respectively) that revealed a set of molecular markers (RPS6KA1, ZYG11A, ZNF695, ZNF273, and NLRP2 for naive state, and RAB34, TMEM178B, PTPRZ1, USP44, KIF1A and LRRN1 for primed state) which can be used to distinguish the pluripotent state from the non-pluripotent state and also to identify the intra-pluripotency states (i.e., naïve and primed state). The lncRNA DANT1 was found to be a crucial as it formed a bridge between the naive and primed state-specific networks. Analysis of the genes neighbouring DANT1 suggested its possible role as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for the induction and maintenance of human pluripotency. This was computationally validated by predicting the missing DANT1-miRNA interactions to complete the ceRNA circuit. Here we first report that DANT1 might harbour binding sites for miRNAs hsa-miR-30c-2-3p, hsa-miR-210-3p and hsa-let-7b-5p which may influence pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Ghosh
- Centre of Bioinformatics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70210, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Anup Som
- Centre of Bioinformatics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India.
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4
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Du X, McManus DP, French JD, Collinson N, Sivakumaran H, MacGregor SR, Fogarty CE, Jones MK, You H. CRISPR interference for sequence-specific regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor A in Schistosoma mansoni. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1105719. [PMID: 36713455 PMCID: PMC9880433 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1105719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Employing the flatworm parasite Schistosoma mansoni as a model, we report the first application of CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) in parasitic helminths for loss-of-function studies targeting the SmfgfrA gene which encodes the stem cell marker, fibroblast growth factor receptor A (FGFRA). SmFGFRA is essential for maintaining schistosome stem cells and critical in the schistosome-host interplay. The SmfgfrA gene was targeted in S. mansoni adult worms, eggs and schistosomula using a catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) fused to a transcriptional repressor KRAB. We showed that SmfgfrA repression resulted in considerable phenotypic differences in the modulated parasites compared with controls, including reduced levels of SmfgfrA transcription and decreased protein expression of SmFGFRA, a decline in EdU (thymidine analog 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, which specifically stains schistosome stem cells) signal, and an increase in cell apoptosis. Notably, reduced SmfgfrA transcription was evident in miracidia hatched from SmfgfrA-repressed eggs, and resulted in a significant change in miracidial behavior, indicative of a durable repression effect caused by CRISPRi. Intravenous injection of mice with SmfgfrA-repressed eggs resulted in granulomas that were markedly reduced in size and a decline in the level of serum IgE, emphasizing the importance of SmFGFRA in regulating the host immune response induced during schistosome infection. Our findings show the feasibility of applying CRISPRi for effective, targeted transcriptional repression in schistosomes, and provide the basis for employing CRISPRi to selectively perturb gene expression in parasitic helminths on a genome-wide scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Du
- Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Donald P. McManus
- Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Juliet D. French
- Genetics & Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Natasha Collinson
- Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Haran Sivakumaran
- Genetics & Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Skye R. MacGregor
- Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Conor E. Fogarty
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Malcolm K. Jones
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
| | - Hong You
- Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia,*Correspondence: Hong You,
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Liu X, Li WJ, Puzanov I, Goodrich DW, Chatta G, Tang DG. Prostate cancer as a dedifferentiated organ: androgen receptor, cancer stem cells, and cancer stemness. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:291-303. [PMID: 35866337 PMCID: PMC9484140 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer progression is characterized and driven by gradual loss of a differentiated phenotype and gain of stem cell-like features. In prostate cancer (PCa), androgen receptor (AR) signaling is important for cancer growth, progression, and emergence of therapy resistance. Targeting the AR signaling axis has been, over the decades, the mainstay of PCa therapy. However, AR signaling at the transcription level is reduced in high-grade cancer relative to low-grade PCa and loss of AR expression promotes a stem cell-like phenotype, suggesting that emergence of resistance to AR-targeted therapy may be associated with loss of AR signaling and gain of stemness. In the present mini-review, we first discuss PCa from the perspective of an abnormal organ with increasingly deregulated differentiation, and discuss the role of AR signaling during PCa progression. We then focus on the relationship between prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) and AR signaling. We further elaborate on the current methods of using transcriptome-based stemness-enriched signature to evaluate the degree of oncogenic dedifferentiation (cancer stemness) in pan-cancer datasets, and present the clinical significance of scoring transcriptome-based stemness across the spectrum of PCa development. Our discussions highlight the importance to evaluate the dynamic changes in both stem cell-like features (stemness score) and AR signaling activity across the PCa spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
| | - Wen Jess Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
- Experimental Therapeutics (ET) Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center and the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
| | - Igor Puzanov
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
| | - David W Goodrich
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
- Experimental Therapeutics (ET) Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center and the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
| | - Gurkamal Chatta
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
- Experimental Therapeutics (ET) Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center and the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A
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6
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Sandoval AGW, Maden M, Bates LE, Silva JC. Tumor suppressors inhibit reprogramming of African spiny mouse ( Acomys) fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 7:215. [PMID: 36060301 PMCID: PMC9437536 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18034.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The African spiny mouse ( Acomys) is an emerging mammalian model for scar-free regeneration, and further study of Acomys could advance the field of regenerative medicine. Isolation of pluripotent stem cells from Acomys would allow for development of transgenic or chimeric animals and in vitro study of regeneration; however, the reproductive biology of Acomys is not well characterized, complicating efforts to derive embryonic stem cells. Thus, we sought to generate Acomys induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by reprogramming somatic cells back to pluripotency. Methods: To generate Acomys iPSCs, we attempted to adapt established protocols developed in Mus. We utilized a PiggyBac transposon system to genetically modify Acomys fibroblasts to overexpress the Yamanaka reprogramming factors as well as mOrange fluorescent protein under the control of a doxycycline-inducible TetON operon system. Results: Reprogramming factor overexpression caused Acomys fibroblasts to undergo apoptosis or senescence. When SV40 Large T antigen (SV40 LT) was added to the reprogramming cocktail, Acomys cells were able to dedifferentiate into pre-iPSCs. Although use of 2iL culture conditions induced formation of colonies resembling Mus PSCs, these Acomys iPS-like cells lacked pluripotency marker expression and failed to form embryoid bodies. An EOS-GiP system was unsuccessful in selecting for bona fide Acomys iPSCs; however, inclusion of Nanog in the reprogramming cocktail along with 5-azacytidine in the culture medium allowed for generation of Acomys iPSC-like cells with increased expression of several naïve pluripotency markers. Conclusions: There are significant roadblocks to reprogramming Acomys cells, necessitating future studies to determine Acomys-specific reprogramming factor and/or culture condition requirements. The requirement for SV40 LT during Acomys dedifferentiation may suggest that tumor suppressor pathways play an important role in Acomys regeneration and that Acomys may possess unreported cancer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Gabriel W. Sandoval
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
- Department of Biology & UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Malcolm Maden
- Department of Biology & UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lawrence E. Bates
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jose C.R. Silva
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou 510005, Guangdong Province, China
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7
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The Mechanisms of Anticancer Activity of Nisin Peptide on Myelogenous Leukemia Cell Line (K562) As a New Treatment: Inducing Apoptosis by Changing in the Expression of Bax and Bcl-2 Genes. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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García-Domínguez X, Diretto G, Peñaranda DS, Frusciante S, García-Carpintero V, Cañizares J, Vicente JS, Marco-Jiménez F. Early Embryo Exposure to Assisted Reproductive Manipulation Induced Subtle Changes in Liver Epigenetics with No Apparent Negative Health Consequences in Rabbit. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189716. [PMID: 34575877 PMCID: PMC8467347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo manipulation is a requisite step in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Therefore, it is of great necessity to appraise the safety of ART and investigate the long-term effect, including lipid metabolism, on ART-conceived offspring. Augmenting our ART rabbit model to investigate lipid metabolic outcomes in offspring longitudinally, we detected variations in hepatic DNA methylation ART offspring in the F3 generation for embryonic exposure (multiple ovulation, vitrification and embryo transfer). Through adult liver metabolomics and proteomics, we identified changes mainly related to lipid metabolism (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids, steroids, steroid hormone). We also found that DNA methylation analysis was linked to changes in lipid metabolism and apoptosis genes. Nevertheless, these differences did not apparently alter the general health status. Thus, our findings suggest that ART is likely to be a player in embryo epigenetic events related to hepatic homeostasis alteration in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximo García-Domínguez
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Reproduction, Institute for Animal Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (X.G.-D.); (D.S.P.); (J.S.V.)
| | - Gianfranco Diretto
- Casaccia Research Centre, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (S.F.)
| | - David S. Peñaranda
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Reproduction, Institute for Animal Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (X.G.-D.); (D.S.P.); (J.S.V.)
| | - Sarah Frusciante
- Casaccia Research Centre, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (S.F.)
| | - Victor García-Carpintero
- Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of Agricultural Biodiversity (COMAV-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (V.G.-C.); (J.C.)
| | - Joaquín Cañizares
- Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of Agricultural Biodiversity (COMAV-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (V.G.-C.); (J.C.)
| | - José S. Vicente
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Reproduction, Institute for Animal Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (X.G.-D.); (D.S.P.); (J.S.V.)
| | - Francisco Marco-Jiménez
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Reproduction, Institute for Animal Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (X.G.-D.); (D.S.P.); (J.S.V.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Yang A, Zhang P, Sun Z, Liu X, Zhang X, Liu X, Wang D, Meng Z. Lysionotin induces apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via caspase-3 mediated mitochondrial pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 344:109500. [PMID: 33989594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
As the sixth most prevalent cancer, liver cancer has been reported as the second cause of cancer-induced deaths globally. Lysionotin, a flavonoid compound widely distributed in Lysionotus pauciflorus Maxim, has attracted considerable attention due to its multiple biological activities. The present study analyzes the anti-liver cancer effects of lysionotin in cells and mouse models. In HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, lysionotin significantly reduced the viability of cells, inhibited cell proliferation and migration, enhanced cell apoptosis, promoted the increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and alternated the content of apoptosis-related proteins. In HepG2-and SMMC-7721-xenograft tumor mouse models, lysionotin inhibited tumor growth, reduced the expression levels of anti-apoptotic proteins and enhanced the expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins in tumor tissues. Additionally, the pre-treatment of Ac-DEVD-CHO, an inhibitor of caspase-3, strongly restored the low cell viability, the enhanced apoptosis rate, the dissipation of MMP caused by lysionotin exposure, as well as prevented the lysionotin-caused enhancement on expressions of apoptosis related proteins, especially cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), Fas Ligand (FasL), cleaved caspase-3 and Bax in both HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. Altogether, lysionotin showed significant anti-liver cancer effects related to caspase-3 mediated mitochondrial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anhui Yang
- Department of Translational Medicine Research, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China; School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Zhen Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Xingkai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Department of Translational Medicine Research, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China.
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10
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CloneSeq: A highly sensitive analysis platform for the characterization of 3D-cultured single-cell-derived clones. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1804-1817.e7. [PMID: 34010629 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell assays have revealed the importance of heterogeneity in many biological systems. However, limited sensitivity is a major hurdle for uncovering cellular variation. To overcome it, we developed CloneSeq, combining clonal expansion inside 3D hydrogel spheres and droplet-based RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). We show that clonal cells maintain similar transcriptional profiles and cell states. CloneSeq of lung cancer cells revealed cancer-specific subpopulations, including cancer stem-like cells, that were not revealed by scRNA-seq. Clonal expansion within 3D soft microenvironments supported cellular stemness of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) even without pluripotent media, and it improved epigenetic reprogramming efficiency of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. CloneSeq of ESCs revealed that the differentiation decision is made early during Oct4 downregulation and is maintained during early clonal expansion. Together, we show CloneSeq can be adapted to different biological systems to discover rare subpopulations by leveraging the enhanced sensitivity within clones.
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11
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Cytoprotective Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG)-5'-O-α-Glucopyranoside, a Novel EGCG Derivative. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051466. [PMID: 29762498 PMCID: PMC5983637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a well-studied polyphenol with antioxidant effects. Since EGCG has low solubility and stability, many researchers have modified EGCG residues to ameliorate these problems. A novel EGCG derivative, EGCG-5′-O-α-glucopyranoside (EGCG-5′Glu), was synthesized, and its characteristics were investigated. EGCG-5′Glu showed antioxidant effects in cell and cell-free systems. Under SNP-derived radical exposure, EGCG-5′Glu decreased nitric oxide (NO) production, and recovered ROS-mediated cell viability. Moreover, EGCG-5′Glu regulated apoptotic pathways (caspases) and cell survival molecules (phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1)). In another radical-induced condition, ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation, EGCG-5′Glu protected cells from UVB and regulated the PI3K/PDK1/AKT pathway. Next, the proliferative effect of EGCG-5′Glu was examined. EGCG-5′Glu increased cell proliferation by modulating nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity. EGCG-5′Glu protects and repairs cells from external damage via its antioxidant effects. These results suggest that EGCG-5′Glu could be used as a cosmetics ingredient or dietary supplement.
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Paim Á, Cardozo NSM, Tessaro IC, Pranke P. Relevant biological processes for tissue development with stem cells and their mechanistic modeling: A review. Math Biosci 2018; 301:147-158. [PMID: 29746816 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A potential alternative for tissue transplants is tissue engineering, in which the interaction of cells and biomaterials can be optimized. Tissue development in vitro depends on the complex interaction of several biological processes such as extracellular matrix synthesis, vascularization and cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, death, and differentiation. The complexity of an individual phenomenon or of the combination of these processes can be studied with phenomenological modeling techniques. This work reviews the main biological phenomena in tissue development and their mathematical modeling, focusing on mesenchymal stem cell growth in three-dimensional scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágata Paim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), R. Eng. Luis Englert, s/n Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90040-040, Brazil; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga, 2752. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil.
| | - Nilo S M Cardozo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), R. Eng. Luis Englert, s/n Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90040-040, Brazil
| | - Isabel C Tessaro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), R. Eng. Luis Englert, s/n Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90040-040, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga, 2752. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil; Stem Cell Research Institute, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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13
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Scientific Evidence of Rice By-Products for Cancer Prevention: Chemopreventive Properties of Waste Products from Rice Milling on Carcinogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9017902. [PMID: 28210630 PMCID: PMC5292171 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9017902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant global health concern affecting men and women worldwide. Although current chemopreventive drugs could inhibit the growth of cancer cells, they exert many adverse side effects. Dietary factor plays a crucial role in the management of cancers and has drawn the attention of researchers to be used as an option to combat this disease. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that rice and its by-products display encouraging results in the prevention of this disease. The mechanism of anticancer effect is suggested partly through potentiation of bioactive compounds like vitamin E, phytic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), γ-oryzanol, and phenolics. Nevertheless, the bioactivity of rice and its by-products is still incompletely understood. In this review, we present the findings from a preclinical study both in in vitro and in animal experiments on the promising role of rice by-products with focus on cancer prevention.
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Singh NK, Ernst M, Liebscher V, Fuellen G, Taher L. Revealing complex function, process and pathway interactions with high-throughput expression and biological annotation data. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:3196-208. [PMID: 27507577 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00280c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The biological relationships both between and within the functions, processes and pathways that operate within complex biological systems are only poorly characterized, making the interpretation of large scale gene expression datasets extremely challenging. Here, we present an approach that integrates gene expression and biological annotation data to identify and describe the interactions between biological functions, processes and pathways that govern a phenotype of interest. The product is a global, interconnected network, not of genes but of functions, processes and pathways, that represents the biological relationships within the system. We validated our approach on two high-throughput expression datasets describing organismal and organ development. Our findings are well supported by the available literature, confirming that developmental processes and apoptosis play key roles in cell differentiation. Furthermore, our results suggest that processes related to pluripotency and lineage commitment, which are known to be critical for development, interact mainly indirectly, through genes implicated in more general biological processes. Moreover, we provide evidence that supports the relevance of cell spatial organization in the developing liver for proper liver function. Our strategy can be viewed as an abstraction that is useful to interpret high-throughput data and devise further experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Kumar Singh
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 8, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
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15
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Apoptosis in Porcine Pluripotent Cells: From ICM to iPSCs. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091533. [PMID: 27626414 PMCID: PMC5037808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigs have great potential to provide preclinical models for human disease in translational research because of their similarities with humans. In this regard, porcine pluripotent cells, which are able to differentiate into cells of all three primary germ layers, might be a suitable animal model for further development of regenerative medicine. Here, we describe the current state of knowledge on apoptosis in pluripotent cells including inner cell mass (ICM), epiblast, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Information is focused on the apoptotic phenomenon in pluripotency, maintenance, and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and reprogramming of somatic cells in pigs. Additionally, this review examines the multiple roles of apoptosis and summarizes recent progress in porcine pluripotent cells.
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Tang Y, Hong YZ, Bai HJ, Wu Q, Chen CD, Lang JY, Boheler KR, Yang HT. Plant Homeo Domain Finger Protein 8 Regulates Mesodermal and Cardiac Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells Through Mediating the Histone Demethylation of pmaip1. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1527-40. [PMID: 26866517 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Histone demethylases have emerged as key regulators of biological processes. The H3K9me2 demethylase plant homeo domain finger protein 8(PHF8), for example, is involved in neuronal differentiation, but its potential function in the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to cardiomyocytes is poorly understood. Here, we explored the role of PHF8 during mesodermal and cardiac lineage commitment of mouse ESCs (mESCs). Using a phf8 knockout (ph8(-/Y) ) model, we found that deletion of phf8 in ESCs did not affect self-renewal, proliferation or early ectodermal/endodermal differentiation, but it did promote the mesodermal lineage commitment with the enhanced cardiomyocyte differentiation. The effects were accompanied by a reduction in apoptosis through a caspase 3-independent pathway during early ESC differentiation, without significant differences between differentiating wide-type (ph8(+/Y) ) and ph8(-/Y) ESCs in cell cycle progression or proliferation. Functionally, PHF8 promoted the loss of a repressive mark H3K9me2 from the transcription start site of a proapoptotic gene pmaip1 and activated its transcription. Furthermore, knockdown of pmaip1 mimicked the phenotype of ph8(-/Y) by showing the decreased apoptosis during early differentiation of ESCs and promoted mesodermal and cardiac commitment, while overexpression of pmaip1 or phf8 rescued the phenotype of ph8(-/Y) ESCs by increasing the apoptosis and weakening the mesodermal and cardiac differentiation. These results reveal that the histone demethylase PHF8 regulates mesodermal lineage and cell fate decisions in differentiating mESCs through epigenetic control of the gene critical to programmed cell death pathways. Stem Cells 2016;34:1527-1540.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Zhen Hong
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Jun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Charlie Degui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yu Lang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kenneth R Boheler
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, School of Biomedical Sciences, Jockey Club Building for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Huang-Tian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Neganova I, Shmeleva E, Munkley J, Chichagova V, Anyfantis G, Anderson R, Passos J, Elliott DJ, Armstrong L, Lako M. JNK/SAPK Signaling Is Essential for Efficient Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts to Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1198-212. [PMID: 26867034 PMCID: PMC4982072 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reprogramming of somatic cells to the phenotypic state termed “induced pluripotency” is thought to occur through three consecutive stages: initiation, maturation, and stabilisation. The initiation phase is stochastic but nevertheless very important as it sets the gene expression pattern that permits completion of reprogramming; hence a better understanding of this phase and how this is regulated may provide the molecular cues for improving the reprogramming process. c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK)/stress‐activated protein kinase (SAPKs) are stress activated MAPK kinases that play an essential role in several processes known to be important for successful completion of the initiation phase such as cellular proliferation, mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) and cell cycle regulation. In view of this, we postulated that manipulation of this pathway would have significant impacts on reprogramming of human fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells. Accordingly, we found that key components of the JNK/SAPK signaling pathway increase expression as early as day 3 of the reprogramming process and continue to rise in reprogrammed cells throughout the initiation and maturation stages. Using both chemical inhibitors and RNA interference of MKK4, MKK7 and JNK1, we tested the role of JNK/SAPK signaling during the initiation stage of neonatal and adult fibroblast reprogramming. These resulted in complete abrogation of fully reprogrammed colonies and the emergence of partially reprogrammed colonies which disaggregated and were lost from culture during the maturation stage. Inhibition of JNK/SAPK signaling resulted in reduced cell proliferation, disruption of MET and loss of the pluripotent phenotype, which either singly or in combination prevented establishment of pluripotent colonies. Together these data provide new evidence for an indispensable role for JNK/SAPK signaling to overcome the well‐established molecular barriers in human somatic cell induced reprogramming. Stem Cells2016;34:1198–1212
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Neganova
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life and Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition
| | - Evgenija Shmeleva
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life and Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life and Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition
| | - Valeria Chichagova
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life and Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition
| | - George Anyfantis
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life and Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition
| | - Rhys Anderson
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University
| | - Joao Passos
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University
| | - David J Elliott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life and Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition
| | - Lyle Armstrong
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life and Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition
| | - Majlinda Lako
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life and Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition
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Ghasemian M, Mahdavi M, Zare P, Ali Hosseinpour Feizi M. Spiroquinazolinone-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in K562 human leukemia cells: alteration in expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax. J Toxicol Sci 2015; 40:115-26. [PMID: 25743751 DOI: 10.2131/jts.40.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Spiroquinazolinone compounds have been considered as a new series of potent apoptosis-inducing agents. In this study, anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of the derivatives from the spiroquinazolinone family were investigated in the human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. The K562 cells were treated with various concentrations of the spiroquinazolinone (10-300 µM) for 3 days and cell viability was determined by MTT growth inhibition assay. 4t-QTC was more active among these compounds with IC50 of 50 ± 3.6 µM and was selected for further studies. Apoptosis, as the mechanism of cell death was investigated morphologically by acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) double staining, cell surface expression assay of phosphatidyl serine by Annexin V/PI technique, as well as the formation of DNA ladder. The K562 cells underwent apoptosis upon a single dose (at IC50 value) of the 4t-QTC compound, and over-expressed caspase-3 expression by more than 1.7-fold, following a 72 hr treatment. Furthermore, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis revealed that treatment of the K562 cells with 4t-QTC down-regulates and up-regulates the expression of Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic) and Bax (pro-apoptotic), respectively. Based on the present data, it seems that these compounds from the spiroquinazolinone family are good candidates for further evaluation as an effective chemotherapeutic family acting through induction of apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ghasemian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Iran
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Chiou SS, Wang SSW, Wu DC, Lin YC, Kao LP, Kuo KK, Wu CC, Chai CY, Lin CLS, Lee CY, Liao YM, Wuputra K, Yang YH, Wang SW, Ku CC, Nakamura Y, Saito S, Hasegawa H, Yamaguchi N, Miyoshi H, Lin CS, Eckner R, Yokoyama KK. Control of Oxidative Stress and Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-like Cells by Jun Dimerization Protein 2. Cancers (Basel) 2013; 5:959-84. [PMID: 24202329 PMCID: PMC3795374 DOI: 10.3390/cancers5030959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here that the Jun dimerization protein 2 (JDP2) plays a critical role as a cofactor for the transcription factors nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and MafK in the regulation of the antioxidants and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). JDP2 associates with Nrf2 and MafK (Nrf2-MafK) to increase the transcription of antioxidant response element-dependent genes. Oxidative-stress-inducing reagent led to an increase in the intracellular accumulation of ROS and cell proliferation in Jdp2 knock-out mouse embryonic fibroblasts. In Jdp2-Cre mice mated with reporter mice, the expression of JDP2 was restricted to granule cells in the brain cerebellum. The induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-like cells were generated from DAOY medulloblastoma cell by introduction of JDP2, and the defined factor OCT4. iPSC-like cells expressed stem cell-like characteristics including alkaline phosphatase activity and some stem cell markers. However, such iPSC-like cells also proliferated rapidly, became neoplastic, and potentiated cell malignancy at a later stage in SCID mice. This study suggests that medulloblastoma cells can be reprogrammed successfully by JDP2 and OCT4 to become iPSC-like cells. These cells will be helpful for studying the generation of cancer stem cells and ROS homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyh-Shin Chiou
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-Y.L.); (Y.-M.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Sophie Sheng-Wen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (S.S.-W.W.); (D.-C.W.); (S.-W.W.)
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (S.S.-W.W.); (D.-C.W.); (S.-W.W.)
| | - Ying-Chu Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Li-Pin Kao
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (L.-P.K.); (C.-L.S.L.); (K.W.); (C.-C.K.); (S.S.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - Kung-Kai Kuo
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (K.-K.K.); (Y.-H.Y.)
| | - Chun-Chieh Wu
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-C.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-C.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Cheng-Lung Steve Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (L.-P.K.); (C.-L.S.L.); (K.W.); (C.-C.K.); (S.S.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - Cheng-Yi Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-Y.L.); (Y.-M.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mei Liao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-Y.L.); (Y.-M.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kenly Wuputra
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (L.-P.K.); (C.-L.S.L.); (K.W.); (C.-C.K.); (S.S.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - Ya-Han Yang
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (K.-K.K.); (Y.-H.Y.)
| | - Shin-Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (S.S.-W.W.); (D.-C.W.); (S.-W.W.)
| | - Chia-Chen Ku
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (L.-P.K.); (C.-L.S.L.); (K.W.); (C.-C.K.); (S.S.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan; E-Mails: (Y.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Shigeo Saito
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (L.-P.K.); (C.-L.S.L.); (K.W.); (C.-C.K.); (S.S.); (C.-S.L.)
- Saito Laboratory of Cell Technology, Yaita, Tochigi 329-1571, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan; E-Mails: (H.H.); (N.Y.)
| | - Naoto Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan; E-Mails: (H.H.); (N.Y.)
| | - Hiroyuki Miyoshi
- RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan; E-Mails: (Y.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Chang-Sheng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (L.-P.K.); (C.-L.S.L.); (K.W.); (C.-C.K.); (S.S.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - Richard Eckner
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Kazunari K. Yokoyama
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mails: (L.-P.K.); (C.-L.S.L.); (K.W.); (C.-C.K.); (S.S.); (C.-S.L.)
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