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Liu C, Guo M, Wang J, Sun Y, Bian Y, Xu Z. Prevalence and diversity of mycoviruses occurring in Chinese Lentinula edodes germplasm resource. Virology 2023; 582:71-82. [PMID: 37030155 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Incidence and banding patterns of virus-like dsRNA elements in 215 Chinese genetically diverse Lentinula edodes strains collected from wide geographic distribution (or producing areas) were first investigated, and 17 viruses were identified including eight novel viruses. The results revealed a 63.3% incidence of dsRNA elements in the cultivated strains and a 67.2% incidence in the wild strains. A total of 10 distinguishable dsRNAs ranging from 0.6 to 12 kbp and 12 different dsRNA patterns were detected in the positive strains. The molecular information of these dsRNA elements was characterized, and the molecular information of the other 12 different viral sequences with (+) ssRNA genome was revealed in four L. edodes strains with complex dsRNA banding patterns. RT-PCR was also done to verify the five dsRNA viruses and 12 (+) ssRNA ones. The results presented may enrich our understanding of L. edodes virus diversity, and will promote further research on virus-host interactions. IMPORTANCE: Viral infections involve complicated interactions including benign, harmful or possibly beneficial to hosts. Sometimes environment could lead to a transition in lifestyles from persistent to acute, resulting in a disease phenotype. The quality of spawn, such as the vulnerability to infection of viruses, is therefore important for mushroom production. Lentinula edodes, a wood rot basidiomycete fungus, was widely cultivated in the world for its edible and medicinal properties. In this study, the profile of dsRNA elements from Chinese genetically diverse L. edodes strains collected from wide geographic distribution or producing areas was first investigated. The molecular information of the dsRNA elements was characterized. Additionally, 12 different viral sequences with (+) ssRNA genome from four L. edodes strains with complex dsRNA banding patterns were identified. The results presented here will broaden our knowledge about mushroom viruses, and promote further studies of L. edodes production and the interaction between viruses and L. edodes.
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Hu HJ, Wang JR, Cheng XH, Liu Y, Zhang XY. Preliminary Studies on the Effects of Oyster Mushroom Spherical Virus China Strain on the Mycelial Growth and Fruiting Body Yield of the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:574. [PMID: 35453773 PMCID: PMC9029326 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oyster mushroom spherical virus (OMSV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA mycovirus which is associated with a devastating oyster mushroom die-back disease. However, little is known about its diversity, and the effects of OMSV infection on its fungal host are not well understood. In this study, we determined the nearly complete nucleotide sequence of OMSV isolated from cultivated oyster mushrooms in China. Sequence analysis suggested that the virus represents a new strain of OMSV (referred to here as OMSV-Ch). A GenBank BLAST search of the genomic sequences demonstrated that the OMSV-Ch had the highest identity (74.9%) with the OMSV from Korea (OMSV-Kr). At the amino acid-sequence level, these two strains shared 84.1% identity in putative replication protein (RP) and 94.1% identity in coat protein (CP). Phylogenetic analysis based on RP showed that OMSV-Ch clustered with OMSV-Kr, closely related to Tymoviridae. Phylogenetic analysis based on both the RP and CP showed that OMSV had a distant clade relationship with tymoviruses, marafiviruses, and maculaviruses. We obtained the OMSV-Ch-free Pleurotus ostreatus strain via single hyphal tip cultures combined with high-temperature treatment. Preliminary studies indicate that OMSV-Ch can significantly inhibit mycelial growth, cause malformations of the fruiting bodies, and reduce the yield of P. ostreatus. Co-cultivation resulted in horizontal transmission of the OMSV-Ch to a virus-cured strain. The findings of our study contribute to the prevention and control of mycoviral diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Edible Mushroom Technology, School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (H.-J.H.); (J.-R.W.); (X.-H.C.); (Y.L.)
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3
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Sun Y, Guo M, Wang J, Bian Y, Xu Z. Curing two predominant viruses occurring in Lentinula edodes by chemotherapy and mycelial fragmentation methods. J Virol Methods 2021; 300:114370. [PMID: 34813824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has established that Lentinula edodes mycovirus HKB (LeV-HKB) and L. edodes partitivirus 1(LePV1) are major mycoviruses identified in L.edodes germplasm. In this paper, two different methods for curing these two dsRNA mycoviruses, ribavirin treatment and mycelial fragmentation, were evaluated for the first time. Mycelial fragmentation was found to resulted in LeV-HKB- and LePV1-cured fungal strains, whereas ribavirin treatment could eliminate LeV-HKB only. Although no LePV1-cured strain was obtained via ribavirin treatment by the end of the experiment, the relative LePV1 concentration in the eighth successive subcultures was lower than that of the untreated control. The culture features of several virus-cured strains had faster mycelial growth rate and higher colony density than the infected ones. It was also suggested that LeV-HKB infection may affect the pigmentation in plate- and bag-cultivated mycelia of L. edodes strain L135.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Sun
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Mengpei Guo
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Jinjie Wang
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yinbing Bian
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Development (Ministry of Agriculture), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Zhangyi Xu
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Development (Ministry of Agriculture), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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O'Connor E, Doyle S, Amini A, Grogan H, Fitzpatrick DA. Transmission of mushroom virus X and the impact of virus infection on the transcriptomes and proteomes of different strains of Agaricus bisporus. Fungal Biol 2021; 125:704-717. [PMID: 34420697 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cultivation of Agaricus bisporus is a large horticultural industry for many countries worldwide, where a single variety is almost grown exclusively. Mushroom virus X (MVX), a complex of multiple positive-sense single stranded RNA (ss(+)RNA) viruses, is a major pathogen of typical A. bisporus crops. MVX can manifest a variety of symptoms in crops and is highly infective and difficult to eradicate once established in host mycelium. Currently our knowledge regarding the molecular response of A. bisporus fruit bodies to MVX infection is limited. In order to study the response of different A. bisporus strains with different susceptibilities to MVX, we designed a model system to evaluate the in-vitro transmission of viruses in A. bisporus hyphae over a time-course, at two crucial phases in the crop cycle. The symptom expression of MVX in these varieties and the transcriptomic and proteomic response of fruit bodies to MVX-infection were examined. Transmission studies revealed the high potential of MVX to spread to uninfected mycelium yet not into the fruit bodies of certain strains in a crop. MVX affected colour and quality of multiple fruit bodies. Gene expression is significantly altered in all strains and between times of inoculation in the crop. Genes related to stress responses displayed differential expression. Proteomic responses revealed restriction of cellular signalling and vesicle transport in infected fruit bodies. This in-depth analysis examining many factors relevant to MVX infection in different A. bisporus strains, will provide key insights into host responses for this commercially important food crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin O'Connor
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Horticulture Development Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | - Sean Doyle
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Aniça Amini
- Sylvan-Somycel (ESSC - Unité 2), ZI SUD, Rue Lavoisier, BP 25, 37130 Langeais, France
| | - Helen Grogan
- Horticulture Development Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | - David A Fitzpatrick
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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Yan D, Gao Q, Rong C, Liu Y, Song S, Yu Q, Zhou K, Liao Y. Comparative transcriptome analysis of abnormal cap and healthy fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes. Fungal Genet Biol 2021; 156:103614. [PMID: 34400332 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2021.103614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lentinula edodes, a commercially important mushroom, is cultivated worldwide. Artificially cultivated L. edodes often present with abnormal symptoms in the fruiting body, which affect their commercial value and reduce production efficiency. In this study, we carried out a comparative transcriptome analysis of normal fruiting body pileus (LeNP), normal margin in abnormal fruiting body pileus (LeAPNM), and abnormal margin in abnormal fruiting body pileus (LeAPAM). Metabolic pathways such as those involved in transmembrane transport, ribosome production, tryptophan metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and the metabolism of other amino acids were significantly enriched in LeAPAM. F-box, short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases, the major facilitator superfamily, and the FMN_red superfamily are related to malformation in L. edodes. Genes encoding heat shock proteins, G protein, and β-1,3-glucanase in the GH5 family showed different expression patterns, suggesting that these genes are involved in the development of L. edodes fruiting bodies. In particular, CAZymes, which are involved in the development of cell walls in L. edodes, were highly expressed in LeAPAM. According to TEM observation, the cell wall of LeAPAM samples showed significant thickening compared to the other samples. These results suggested that cell wall anabolism in LeAPAM samples was more active than that in normal fruiting bodies, enhancing the environmental adaptability of the fungus. This study provides preliminary data for future research aimed at solving the phenomenon of abnormal fruiting bodies of L. edodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yan
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, 9 Shuguang Garden Zhonglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, 9 Shuguang Garden Zhonglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Chengbo Rong
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, 9 Shuguang Garden Zhonglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, 9 Shuguang Garden Zhonglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Shuang Song
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, 9 Shuguang Garden Zhonglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Qiuyu Yu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, 9 Shuguang Garden Zhonglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Kaixin Zhou
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, 9 Shuguang Garden Zhonglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China; College of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan Second Street, Youjiang District, Guangxi 533000, China
| | - Yanling Liao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, 9 Shuguang Garden Zhonglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China; College of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan Second Street, Youjiang District, Guangxi 533000, China
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Komatsu A, Kondo H, Sato M, Kurahashi A, Nishibori K, Suzuki N, Fujimori F. Isolation and characterization of a novel mycovirus infecting an edible mushroom, Grifola frondosa. MYCOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Lin YH, Fujita M, Chiba S, Hyodo K, Andika IB, Suzuki N, Kondo H. Two novel fungal negative-strand RNA viruses related to mymonaviruses and phenuiviruses in the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes). Virology 2019; 533:125-136. [PMID: 31153047 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There is still limited information on the diversity of (-)ssRNA viruses that infect fungi. Here, we have discovered two novel (-)ssRNA mycoviruses in the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes). The first virus has a monopartite RNA genome and relates to that of mymonaviruses (Mononegavirales), especially to Hubei rhabdo-like virus 4 from arthropods and thus designated as Lentinula edodes negative-strand RNA virus 1. The second virus has a putative bipartite RNA genome and is related to the recently discovered bipartite or tripartite phenui-like viruses (Bunyavirales) associated with plants and ticks, and designated as Lentinula edodes negative-strand RNA virus 2 (LeNSRV2). LeNSRV2 is likely the first segmented (-)ssRNA virus known to infect fungi. Its smaller RNA segment encodes a putative nucleocapsid and a plant MP-like protein using a potential ambisense coding strategy. These findings enhance our understanding of the diversity, evolution and spread of (-)ssRNA viruses in fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsin Lin
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Miki Fujita
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Sotaro Chiba
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Asian Satellite Campuses Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Hyodo
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Ida Bagus Andika
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Suzuki
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Hideki Kondo
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
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8
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Wang J, Guo M, Sun Y, Bian Y, Zhou Y, Xu Z. Genetic variation and phylogenetic analyses reveal transmission clues of Lentinula edodes partitivirus 1 (LePV1) from the Chinese L. edodes core collection. Virus Res 2018; 255:127-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Picarelli MASC, Gobatto D, Patrício F, Rivas EB, Colariccio A. Vírus que infectam fungos fitopatogênicos. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000162016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO: Micovírus são vírus que infectam todos os taxa de fungos. São geralmente crípticos (latentes), mas podem causar pequenas ou imperceptíveis alterações no hospedeiro. Nos fungos fitopatogênicos, os vírus podem interferir com os sintomas e, em alguns casos, reduzir a virulência de seu hospedeiro; por esta razão, são objeto de estudo, por serem um potencial agente de biocontrole e por serem ferramentas importantes para o conhecimento sobre os mecanismos de patogênese de fungos. A presente revisão teve o objetivo de reunir os dados de literatura relacionados aos aspectos gerais da biologia e do comportamento dos micovírus presentes em alguns fungos fitopatogênicos.
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Guo M, Bian Y, Wang J, Wang G, Ma X, Xu Z. Biological and Molecular Characteristics of a Novel Partitivirus Infecting the Edible Fungus Lentinula edodes. PLANT DISEASE 2017; 101:726-733. [PMID: 30678568 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-16-0951-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new partitivirus named Lentinula edodes partitivirus 1 (LePV1) was isolated from a diseased L. edodes strain with severe degeneration of the mycelium and imperfect browning in bag cultures. The nucleotide sequences of LePV1 dsRNA-1 and dsRNA-2 were determined; they were 2,382 bp and 2,245 bp in length, and each contained a single ORF encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and coat protein (CP), respectively. The purified virus preparation contained isometric particles 34 nm in diameter encapsidating these dsRNAs. Phylogenetic analyses showed LePV1 to be a new member of Betapartitivirus, with the RdRp sequence most closely related to Grapevine partitivirus. RT-PCR analysis showed that 27 of the 56 Chinese L. edodes core collection strains carry LePV1, with the virus being more common in wild strains than cultivated strains. In addition, qPCR analysis suggested that coinfection with L. edodes mycovirus HKB (LeV-HKB) could increase replication of the RdRp gene of LePV1. This study may be essential for the development of more accurate disease diagnostics and the formulation of control strategies for viral diseases in L. edodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengpei Guo
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yinbing Bian
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China, and Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Development (Ministry of Agriculture), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinjie Wang
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gangzheng Wang
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhangyi Xu
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China, and Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Development (Ministry of Agriculture), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Song HY, Choi HJ, Jeong H, Choi D, Kim DH, Kim JM. Viral Effects of a dsRNA Mycovirus (PoV-ASI2792) on the Vegetative Growth of the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. MYCOBIOLOGY 2016; 44:283-290. [PMID: 28154486 PMCID: PMC5287161 DOI: 10.5941/myco.2016.44.4.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) mycovirus was detected in malformed fruiting bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus strain ASI2792, one of bottle cultivated commercial strains of the edible oyster mushroom. The partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene of the P. ostreatus ASI2792 mycovirus (PoV-ASI2792) was cloned, and a cDNA sequences alignment revealed that the sequence was identical to the RdRp gene of a known PoSV found in the P. ostreatus strain. To investigate the symptoms of PoV-ASI2792 infection by comparing the isogenic virus-free P. ostreatus strains with a virus-infected strain, isogenic virus-cured P. ostreatus strains were obtained by the mycelial fragmentation method for virus curing. The absence of virus was verified with gel electrophoresis after dsRNA-specific virus purification and Northern blot analysis using a partial RdRp cDNA of PoV-ASI2792. The growth rate and mycelial dry weight of virus-infected P. ostreatus strain with PoV-ASI2792 mycovirus were compared to those of three virus-free isogenic strains on 10 different media. The virus-cured strains showed distinctly higher mycelial growth rates and dry weights on all kinds of experimental culture media, with at least a 2.2-fold higher mycelial growth rate on mushroom complete media (MCM) and Hamada media, and a 2.7-fold higher mycelial dry weight on MCM and yeastmalt-glucose agar media than those of the virus-infected strain. These results suggest that the infection of PoV mycovirus has a deleterious effect on the vegetative growth of P. ostreatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Yeon Song
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Choi
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Hansaem Jeong
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Dahye Choi
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Kim
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
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12
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Ratti C, Iotti M, Zambonelli A, Terlizzi F. Mycoviruses Infecting True Truffles. SOIL BIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31436-5_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Kim JM, Song HY, Choi HJ, Yun SH, So KK, Ko HK, Kim DH. Changes in the mycovirus (LeV) titer and viral effect on the vegetative growth of the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes. Virus Res 2014; 197:8-12. [PMID: 25445339 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study attempted to cure the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes strain FMRI0339 of the L. edodes mycovirus (LeV) in order to obtain an isogenic virus-free fungal strain as well as a virus-infected strain for comparison. Mycelial fragmentation, followed by being spread on a plate with serial dilutions resulted in a virus-free colony. Viral absence was confirmed with gel electrophoresis after dsRNA-specific virus purification, Northern blot analysis, and PCR using reverse transcriptase (RT-PCR). Once cured, all of fungal cultures remained virus-free over the next two years. Interestingly, the viral titer of LeV varied depending on the culture condition. The titer from the plate culture showed at least a 20-fold higher concentration than that grown in the liquid culture. However, the reduced virus titer in the liquid culture was recovered by transferring the mycelia to a plate containing the same medium. In addition, oxygen-depleted culture conditions resulted in a significant decrease of viral concentration, but not to the extent seen in the submerged liquid culture. Although no discernable phenotypic changes in colony morphology were observed, virus-cured strains showed significantly higher growth rates and mycelial mass than virus-infected strains. These results indicate that LeV infection has a deleterious effect on mycelial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Mi Kim
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk 570-749, South Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Song
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk 570-749, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Choi
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk 570-749, South Korea
| | - Suk-Hyun Yun
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Kum-Kang So
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Han-Kyu Ko
- Forest Mushroom Research Center, Yeoju, Gyeonggi 469-803, South Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561-756, South Korea.
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