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Rubilar-Hernández C, Álvarez-Maldini C, Pizarro L, Figueroa F, Villalobos-González L, Pimentel P, Fiore N, Pinto M. Nitric Oxide Mitigates the Deleterious Effects Caused by Infection of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Modulates the Carbon Assimilation Process in Sweet Cherry under Water Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1361. [PMID: 38794433 PMCID: PMC11125257 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial canker is an important disease of sweet cherry plants mainly caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss). Water deficit profoundly impairs the yield of this crop. Nitric oxide (NO) is a molecule that plays an important role in the plant defense mechanisms. To evaluate the protection exerted by NO against Pss infection under normal or water-restricted conditions, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, was applied to sweet cherry plants cv. Lapins, before they were exposed to Pss infection under normal or water-restricted conditions throughout two seasons. Well-watered plants treated with exogenous NO presented a lower susceptibility to Pss. A lower susceptibility to Pss was also induced in plants by water stress and this effect was increased when water stress was accompanied by exogenous NO. The lower susceptibility to Pss induced either by exogenous NO or water stress was accompanied by a decrease in the internal bacterial population. In well-watered plants, exogenous NO increased the stomatal conductance and the net CO2 assimilation. In water-stressed plants, NO induced an increase in the leaf membranes stability and proline content, but not an increase in the CO2 assimilation or the stomatal conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rubilar-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile; (C.R.-H.); (L.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Carolina Álvarez-Maldini
- Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile;
- Departamento de Silvicultura, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070374, Chile
| | - Lorena Pizarro
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile; (C.R.-H.); (L.P.); (F.F.)
- Centro UOH de Biología de Sistemas Para la Sanidad Vegetal, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile
| | - Franco Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile; (C.R.-H.); (L.P.); (F.F.)
| | | | - Paula Pimentel
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Fruticultura (CEAF), Rengo 2940000, Chile; (L.V.-G.); (P.P.)
| | - Nicola Fiore
- Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile;
| | - Manuel Pinto
- Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile;
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Hong JK, Sook Jo Y, Jeong DH, Woo SM, Park JY, Yoon DJ, Lee YH, Choi SH, Park CJ. Vapours from plant essential oils to manage tomato grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea. Fungal Biol 2023; 127:985-996. [PMID: 37024158 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Tomato grey mould has been a great concern during tomato production. The in vitro antifungal activity of vapours emitted from four plant essential oils (EOs) (cinnamon oil, fennel oil, origanum oil, and thyme oil) were evaluated during in vitro conidial germination and mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mould. Cinnamon oil vapour was the most effective in suppressing conidial germination, whereas the four EOs showed similar activities regarding inhibiting mycelial growth in dose-dependent manners. The in planta protection effect of the four EO vapours was also investigated by measuring necrotic lesions on tomato leaves inoculated by B. cinerea. Grey mould lesions on the inoculated leaves were reduced by the vapours from cinnamon oil, origanum oil and thyme oil at different levels, but fennel oil did not limit the spread of the necrotic lesions. Decreases in cuticle defect, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide production in the B. cinerea-inoculated leaves were correlated with reduced lesions by the cinnamon oil vapours. The reduced lesions by the cinnamon oil vapour were well matched with arrested fungal proliferation on the inoculated leaves. The cinnamon oil vapour regulated tomato defence-related gene expression in the leaves with or without fungal inoculation. These results suggest that the plant essential oil vapours, notably cinnamon oil vapour, can provide eco-friendly alternatives to manage grey mould during tomato production.
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Kolomiiets YV, Grygoryuk IP, Butsenko LM, Emets AI, Blume YB. Sodium Nitroprusside as a Resistance Inducer in Tomato Plants against Pathogens of Bacterial Diseases. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721060049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yan Y, Wang P, Wei Y, Bai Y, Lu Y, Zeng H, Liu G, Reiter RJ, He C, Shi H. The dual interplay of RAV5 in activating nitrate reductases and repressing catalase activity to improve disease resistance in cassava. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:785-800. [PMID: 33128298 PMCID: PMC8051611 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cassava bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) seriously affects cassava yield. Nitrate reductase (NR) plays an important role in plant nitrogen metabolism in plants. However, the in vivo role of NR and the corresponding signalling pathway remain unclear in cassava. In this study, we isolated MeNR1/2 and revealed their novel upstream transcription factor MeRAV5. We also identified MeCatalase1 (MeCAT1) as the interacting protein of MeRAV5. In addition, we investigated the role of MeCatalase1 and MeRAV5-MeNR1/2 module in cassava defence response. MeNRs positively regulates cassava disease resistance against CBB through modulation of nitric oxide (NO) and extensive transcriptional reprogramming especially in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling. Notably, MeRAV5 positively regulates cassava disease resistance through the coordination of NO and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) level. On the one hand, MeRAV5 directly activates the transcripts of MeNRs and NO level by binding to CAACA motif in the promoters of MeNRs. On the other hand, MeRAV5 interacts with MeCAT1 to inhibit its activity, so as to negatively regulate endogenous H2 O2 level. This study highlights the precise coordination of NR activity and CAT activity by MeRAV5 through directly activating MeNRs and interacting with MeCAT1 in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Peng Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yunxie Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yujing Bai
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yi Lu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Hongqiu Zeng
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Guoyin Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Anatomy and Cell SystemUT Health San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Chaozu He
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical BioresourcesCollege of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikouChina
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A natriuretic peptide from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPNP-A) can modulate catalase 2 activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19632. [PMID: 33184368 PMCID: PMC7665192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76676-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Analogues of vertebrate natriuretic peptides (NPs) present in plants, termed plant natriuretic peptides (PNPs), comprise a novel class of hormones that systemically affect salt and water balance and responses to plant pathogens. Several lines of evidence indicate that Arabidopsis thaliana PNP (AtPNP-A) affects cellular redox homeostasis, which is also typical for the signaling of its vertebrate analogues, but the molecular mechanism(s) of this effect remains elusive. Here we report identification of catalase 2 (CAT2), an antioxidant enzyme, as an interactor of AtPNP-A. The full-length AtPNP-A recombinant protein and the biologically active fragment of AtPNP-A bind specifically to CAT2 in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analyses, while a biologically inactive scrambled peptide does not. In vivo bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) showed that CAT2 interacts with AtPNP-A in chloroplasts. Furthermore, CAT2 activity is lower in homozygous atpnp-a knockdown compared with wild type plants, and atpnp-a knockdown plants phenocopy CAT2-deficient plants in their sensitivity to elevated H2O2, which is consistent with a direct modulatory effect of the PNP on the activity of CAT2 and hence H2O2 homeostasis. Our work underlines the critical role of AtPNP-A in modulating the activity of CAT2 and highlights a mechanism of fine-tuning plant responses to adverse conditions by PNPs.
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Yoo Y, Park JC, Cho MH, Yang J, Kim CY, Jung KH, Jeon JS, An G, Lee SW. Lack of a Cytoplasmic RLK, Required for ROS Homeostasis, Induces Strong Resistance to Bacterial Leaf Blight in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:577. [PMID: 29868050 PMCID: PMC5968223 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Many scientific findings have been reported on the beneficial function of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various cellular processes, showing that they are not just toxic byproducts. The double-edged role of ROS shows the importance of the regulation of ROS level. We report a gene, rrsRLK (required for ROS-scavenging receptor-like kinase), that encodes a cytoplasmic RLK belonging to the non-RD kinase family. The gene was identified by screening rice RLK mutant lines infected with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), an agent of bacterial leaf blight of rice. The mutant (ΔrrsRLK) lacking the Os01g02290 gene was strongly resistant to many Xoo strains, but not to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe grisea. ΔrrsRLK showed significantly higher expression of OsPR1a, OsPR1b, OsLOX, RBBTI4, and jasmonic acid-related genes than wild type. We showed that rrsRLK protein interacts with OsVOZ1 (vascular one zinc-finger 1) and OsPEX11 (peroxisomal biogenesis factor 11). In the further experiments, abnormal biogenesis of peroxisomes, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, and reduction of activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes were investigated in ΔrrsRLK. These results suggest that the enhanced resistance in ΔrrsRLK is due to H2O2 accumulation caused by irregular ROS-scavenging mechanism, and rrsRLK is most likely a key regulator required for ROS homeostasis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngchul Yoo
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Man-Ho Cho
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jungil Yang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Chi-Yeol Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jong-Seong Jeon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Gynheung An
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
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Hong JK, Jang SJ, Lee YH, Jo YS, Yun JG, Jo H, Park CJ, Kim HJ. Reduced Bacterial Wilt in Tomato Plants by Bactericidal Peroxyacetic Acid Mixture Treatment. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 34:78-84. [PMID: 29422791 PMCID: PMC5796753 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.06.2017.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Peroxyacetic acid mixture Perosan, composed of peroxyacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid, was evaluated for eco-friendly management of tomato bacterial wilt by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum. Perosan drastically suppressed in vitro growth of R. pseudosolanacearum in liquid cultures in dose- and incubation time-dependent manners. Higher perosan doses (0.1 and 1%) caused lowered pH and phytotoxicity to detached leaves of two tomato cultivars Cupirang and Benekia 220 in aqueous solution. Treatment with 0.01% of Perosan delayed wilting symptom significantly in the detached leaves of two cultivars inoculated with R. pseudosolanacearum (107 cfu/ml). Soil drenching of 5% Perosan solution in pots caused severe tissue collapse of tomato seedlings at the four-week-old stage of two tomato cultivars. Treatment with 1% Perosan by soil-drenching significantly reduced bacterial wilt in the tomato seedlings of two cultivars. These findings suggest that Perosan treatment can be applied to suppress bacterial wilt during tomato production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeum Kyu Hong
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Su Jeong Jang
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Yeon Sook Jo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Jae Gill Yun
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Hyesu Jo
- Department of Bioresources Engineering and PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 05006,
Korea
| | - Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Bioresources Engineering and PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 05006,
Korea
| | - Hyo Joong Kim
- Institute of Technology, Daesung C&S Co., Ltd., Seoul 08504,
Korea
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Yuan HM, Liu WC, Lu YT. CATALASE2 Coordinates SA-Mediated Repression of Both Auxin Accumulation and JA Biosynthesis in Plant Defenses. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 21:143-155. [PMID: 28182949 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plants defend against pathogen attack by modulating auxin signaling and activating the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways. SA and JA act antagonistically in resistance to specific pathogen types, yet how plants coordinate these phytohormones remains elusive. Here we report that biotrophic-pathogen-induced SA accumulation dampens both auxin and JA synthesis by inhibiting CATALASE2 (CAT2) activity in the model plant Arabidopsis. SA suppression of CAT2 results in increased H2O2 levels and subsequent sulfenylation of tryptophan synthetase β subunit 1, thus depleting the auxin biosynthetic precursor tryptophan. In addition, we find that CAT2 promotes JA biosynthesis by facilitating direct interaction of the JA biosynthetic enzymes ACX2 and ACX3, and thus SA repression of CAT2 inhibits JA accumulation. As such, the cat2-1 mutant exhibits increased resistance to biotrophic pathogens and increased susceptibility to necrotrophic pathogens. Our study illustrates how CAT2 coordinates SA repression of auxin accumulation and JA biosynthesis in plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Hong JK, Kim HJ, Jung H, Yang HJ, Kim DH, Sung CH, Park CJ, Chang SW. Differential Control Efficacies of Vitamin Treatments against Bacterial Wilt and Grey Mould Diseases in Tomato Plants. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 32:469-480. [PMID: 27721697 PMCID: PMC5051566 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2016.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt and grey mould in tomato plants are economically destructive bacterial and fungal diseases caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. Various approaches including chemical and biological controls have been attempted to arrest the tomato diseases so far. In this study, in vitro growths of bacterial R. solanacearum and fungal B. cinerea were evaluated using four different vitamins including thiamine (vitamin B1), niacin (vitamin B3), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), and menadione (vitamin K3). In planta efficacies of the four vitamin treatments on tomato protection against both diseases were also demonstrated. All four vitamins showed different in vitro antibacterial activities against R. solanacearum in dose-dependent manners. However, treatment with 2 mM thiamine was only effective in reducing bacterial wilt of detached tomato leaves without phytotoxicity under lower disease pressure (106 colony-forming unit [cfu]/ml). Treatment with the vitamins also differentially reduced in vitro conidial germination and mycelial growth of B. cinerea. The four vitamins slightly reduced the conidial germination, and thiamine, pyridoxine and menadione inhibited the mycelial growth of B. cinerea. Menadione began to drastically suppress the conidial germination and mycelial growth by 5 and 0.5 mM, respectively. Grey mould symptoms on the inoculated tomato leaves were significantly reduced by pyridoxine and menadione pretreatments one day prior to the fungal challenge inoculation. These findings suggest that disease-specific vitamin treatment will be integrated for eco-friendly management of tomato bacterial wilt and grey mould.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeum Kyu Hong
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Heesoo Jung
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Hye Ji Yang
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Sung
- Turfgrass Science Institute, Hanul Inc., Hapcheon 50229,
Korea
| | - Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Bioresources Engineering and PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 05006,
Korea
| | - Seog Won Chang
- Department of Golf Course Management, Korea Golf University, Gangwon 25247,
Korea
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Sivakumaran A, Akinyemi A, Mandon J, Cristescu SM, Hall MA, Harren FJM, Mur LAJ. ABA Suppresses Botrytis cinerea Elicited NO Production in Tomato to Influence H2O2 Generation and Increase Host Susceptibility. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:709. [PMID: 27252724 PMCID: PMC4879331 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) production has emerged a susceptibility factor in plant-pathogen interactions. This work examined the interaction of ABA with nitric oxide (NO) in tomato following challenge with the ABA-synthesizing pathogen, Botrytis cinerea. Trace gas detection using a quantum cascade laser detected NO production within minutes of challenge with B. cinerea whilst photoacoustic laser detection detected ethylene production - an established mediator of defense against this pathogen - occurring after 6 h. Application of the NO generation inhibitor N-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) suppressed both NO and ethylene production and resistance against B. cinerea. The tomato mutant sitiens fails to accumulate ABA, shows increased resistance to B. cinerea and we noted exhibited elevated NO and ethylene production. Exogenous application of L-NAME or ABA reduced NO production in sitiens and reduced resistance to B. cinerea. Increased resistance to B. cinerea in sitiens have previously been linked to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation but this was reduced in both L-NAME and ABA-treated sitiens. Taken together, our data suggests that ABA can decreases resistance to B. cinerea via reduction of NO production which also suppresses both ROS and ethylene production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushen Sivakumaran
- Molecular Plant Pathology Group, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth, UK
| | - Aderemi Akinyemi
- Molecular Plant Pathology Group, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth, UK
| | - Julian Mandon
- Life Science Trace Gas Facility, Molecular and Laser Physics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud UniversityNijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Simona M. Cristescu
- Life Science Trace Gas Facility, Molecular and Laser Physics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud UniversityNijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Michael A. Hall
- Molecular Plant Pathology Group, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth, UK
| | - Frans J. M. Harren
- Life Science Trace Gas Facility, Molecular and Laser Physics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud UniversityNijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Luis A. J. Mur
- Molecular Plant Pathology Group, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth, UK
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Lai T, Chen Y, Li B, Qin G, Tian S. Mechanism of Penicillium expansum in response to exogenous nitric oxide based on proteomics analysis. J Proteomics 2014; 103:47-56. [PMID: 24675182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Penicillium expansum is an important fungal pathogen, which causes blue mold rot in various fruits and produces a mycotoxin (patulin) with potential damage to public health. Here, we found that nitric oxide (NO) donor could significantly inhibit germinability of P. expansum spores, resulting in lower virulence to apple fruit. Based on two dimension electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, we identified ten differentially expressed proteins in response to exogenous NO in P. expansum. Among of them, five proteins, such as glutamine synthetase (GS), amidohydrolase, nitrilases, nitric oxide dioxygenase (NOD) and heat shock protein 70, were up-regulated. Others including tetratricopeptide repeat domain, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase, enolase (Eno), heat shock protein 60 and K homology RNA-binding domain were down-regulated. The expression of three genes associated with the identified proteins (GS, NOD, and Eno) was evaluated at the mRNA level by RT-PCR. Our results provide the novel evidence for understanding the mechanism, by which NO regulates growth of P. expansum and its virulence. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Crop diseases caused by fungal pathogens lead to huge economic losses every year in the world. Application of chemical fungicides to control diseases brings the concern about food and environmental safety. Screening new antimicrobial compounds and exploring involved mechanisms have great significance to development of new disease management strategies. Nitric oxide (NO), as an important intracellular signaling molecule, has been proved to be involved in many physiological processes and defense responses during plant-pathogen interactions. In this study, we firstly found that NO at high concentration could distinctly delay spore germination and significantly reduce virulence of P. expansum to fruit host, identified some important proteins in response to NO stress and characterized the functions of these proteins. These results provide novel evidence for understanding the mechanism of NO regulating virulence of the fungal pathogen, but are beneficial for screening new targets of antifungal compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongfei Lai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan Nanxincun 20, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan Nanxincun 20, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Boqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan Nanxincun 20, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Guozheng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan Nanxincun 20, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Shiping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan Nanxincun 20, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China.
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