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Nowrousian M. The Role of Chromatin and Transcriptional Control in the Formation of Sexual Fruiting Bodies in Fungi. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2022; 86:e0010422. [PMID: 36409109 PMCID: PMC9769939 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00104-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal fruiting bodies are complex, three-dimensional structures that arise from a less complex vegetative mycelium. Their formation requires the coordinated action of many genes and their gene products, and fruiting body formation is accompanied by major changes in the transcriptome. In recent years, numerous transcription factor genes as well as chromatin modifier genes that play a role in fruiting body morphogenesis were identified, and through research on several model organisms, the underlying regulatory networks that integrate chromatin structure, gene expression, and cell differentiation are becoming clearer. This review gives a summary of the current state of research on the role of transcriptional control and chromatin structure in fruiting body development. In the first part, insights from transcriptomics analyses are described, with a focus on comparative transcriptomics. In the second part, examples of more detailed functional characterizations of the role of chromatin modifiers and/or transcription factors in several model organisms (Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus nidulans, Sordaria macrospora, Coprinopsis cinerea, and Schizophyllum commune) that have led to a better understanding of regulatory networks at the level of chromatin structure and transcription are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minou Nowrousian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Botany, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Jung B, Park J, Kim N, Li T, Kim S, Bartley LE, Kim J, Kim I, Kang Y, Yun K, Choi Y, Lee HH, Ji S, Lee KS, Kim BY, Shon JC, Kim WC, Liu KH, Yoon D, Kim S, Seo YS, Lee J. Cooperative interactions between seed-borne bacterial and air-borne fungal pathogens on rice. Nat Commun 2018; 9:31. [PMID: 29295978 PMCID: PMC5750236 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial-fungal interactions are widely found in distinct environments and contribute to ecosystem processes. Previous studies of these interactions have mostly been performed in soil, and only limited studies of aerial plant tissues have been conducted. Here we show that a seed-borne plant pathogenic bacterium, Burkholderia glumae (Bg), and an air-borne plant pathogenic fungus, Fusarium graminearum (Fg), interact to promote bacterial survival, bacterial and fungal dispersal, and disease progression on rice plants, despite the production of antifungal toxoflavin by Bg. We perform assays of toxoflavin sensitivity, RNA-seq analyses, lipid staining and measures of triacylglyceride content to show that triacylglycerides containing linolenic acid mediate resistance to reactive oxygen species that are generated in response to toxoflavin in Fg. As a result, Bg is able to physically attach to Fg to achieve rapid and expansive dispersal to enhance disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boknam Jung
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Jungwook Park
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46269, Korea
| | - Namgyu Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46269, Korea
| | - Taiying Li
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Laura E Bartley
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Jinnyun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46269, Korea
| | - Inyoung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46269, Korea
| | - Yoonhee Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Kihoon Yun
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Younghae Choi
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46269, Korea
| | - Sungyeon Ji
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Kwang Sik Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Bo Yeon Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Shon
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics-Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Won Cheol Kim
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics-Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics-Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Dahye Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46269, Korea
| | - Suhkman Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46269, Korea
| | - Young-Su Seo
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46269, Korea.
| | - Jungkwan Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea.
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Cao S, Zhang S, Hao C, Liu H, Xu JR, Jin Q. FgSsn3 kinase, a component of the mediator complex, is important for sexual reproduction and pathogenesis in Fusarium graminearum. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22333. [PMID: 26931632 PMCID: PMC4773989 DOI: 10.1038/srep22333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is an important pathogen of wheat and barley. In addition to severe yield losses, infested grains are often contaminated with harmful mycotoxins. In this study, we characterized the functions of FgSSN3 kinase gene in different developmental and infection processes and gene regulation in F. graminearum. The FgSSN3 deletion mutant had a nutrient-dependent growth defects and abnormal conidium morphology. It was significantly reduced in DON production, TRI gene expression, and virulence. Deletion of FgSSN3 also resulted in up-regulation of HTF1 and PCS1 expression in juvenile cultures, and repression of TRI genes in DON-producing cultures. In addition, Fgssn3 was female sterile and defective in hypopodium formation and infectious growth. RNA-seq analysis showed that FgSsn3 is involved in the transcriptional regulation of a wide variety genes acting as either a repressor or activator. FgSsn3 physically interacted with C-type cyclin Cid1 and the cid1 mutant had similar phenotypes with Fgssn3, indicating that FgSsn3 and Cid1 form the CDK-cyclin pair as a component of the mediator complex in F. graminearum. Taken together, our results indicate that FgSSN3 is important for secondary metabolism, sexual reproduction, and plant infection, as a subunit of mediator complex contributing to transcriptional regulation of diverse genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaofeng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin-Rong Xu
- Dept. of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Qiaojun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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