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Liu Y, Wei X, Chang F, Yu N, Guo C, Cai H. Distribution and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Species Associated with Soybean Root Rot in Northeast China. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 39:575-583. [PMID: 38081317 PMCID: PMC10721389 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.06.2023.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium root rot is an increasingly severe problem in soybean cultivation. Although several Fusarium species have been reported to infect soybean roots in Heilongjiang province, their frequency and aggressiveness have not been systematically quantified in the region. This study aimed to investigate the diversity and distribution of Fusarium species that cause soybean root rot in Heilongjiang province over two years. A total of 485 isolates belonging to nine Fusarium species were identified, with F. oxysporum and F. solani being the most prevalent. Pot experiments were conducted to examine the relative aggressiveness of different Fusarium species on soybean roots, revealing that F. oxysporum and F. solani were the most aggressive pathogens, causing the most severe root rot symptoms. The study also assessed the susceptibility of different soybean cultivars to Fusarium root rot caused by F. oxysporum and F. solani. The results indicated that the soybean cultivar DN51 exhibited the most resistance to both pathogens, indicating that it may possess genetic traits that make it less susceptible to Fusarium root rot. These findings provide valuable insights into the diversity and distribution of Fusarium species that cause soybean root rot and could facilitate the development of effective management strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Xuena Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Feng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Na Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Hongsheng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
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Pavlicevic M, Elmer W, Zuverza-Mena N, Abdelraheem W, Patel R, Dimkpa C, O'Keefe T, Haynes CL, Pagano L, Caldara M, Marmiroli M, Maestri E, Marmiroli N, White JC. Nanoparticles and biochar with adsorbed plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria alleviate Fusarium wilt damage on tomato and watermelon. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108052. [PMID: 37778113 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The addition of biochars and nanoparticles with adsorbed Azotobacter vinelandii and Bacillus megaterium alleviated damage from Fusarium infection in both tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) plants. Tomato and watermelon plants were grown in greenhouse for 28 and 30 days (respectively) and were treated with either nanoparticles (chitosan-coated mesoporous silica or nanoclay) or varying biochars (biochar produced by pyrolysis, gasification and pyrogasification). Treatments with nanoparticles and biochars were applied in two variants - with or without adsorbed plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPR). Chitosan-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles with adsorbed bacteria increased chlorophyll content in infected tomato and watermelon plants (1.12 times and 1.63 times, respectively) to a greater extent than nanoclay with adsorbed bacteria (1.10 times and 1.38 times, respectively). However, the impact on other endpoints (viability of plant cells, phosphorus and nitrogen content, as well antioxidative status) was species-specific. In all cases, plants treated with adsorbed bacteria responded better than plants without bacteria. For example, the content of antioxidative compounds in diseased watermelon plants increased nearly 46% upon addition of Aries biochar and by approximately 52% upon addition of Aries biochar with adsorbed bacteria. The overall effect on disease suppression was due to combination of the antifungal effects of both nanoparticles (and biochars) and plant-growth promoting bacteria. These findings suggest that nanoparticles or biochars with adsorbed PGPR could be viewed as a novel and sustainable solution for management of Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Pavlicevic
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Wade Elmer
- Connecticut Agricultural Experimental Station, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | | | - Wael Abdelraheem
- Connecticut Agricultural Experimental Station, New Haven, CT, USA; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Ravikumar Patel
- Connecticut Agricultural Experimental Station, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Christian Dimkpa
- Connecticut Agricultural Experimental Station, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Tana O'Keefe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Christy L Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Luca Pagano
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Marina Caldara
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Marta Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Elena Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Parma, Italy.
| | - Jason C White
- Connecticut Agricultural Experimental Station, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Gupta R, Leibman-Markus M, Anand G, Rav-David D, Yermiyahu U, Elad Y, Bar M. Nutrient Elements Promote Disease Resistance in Tomato by Differentially Activating Immune Pathways. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:2360-2371. [PMID: 35771048 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-22-0052-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient elements play essential roles in plant growth, development, and reproduction. Balanced nutrition is critical for plant health and the ability to withstand biotic stress. Treatment with essential elements has been shown to induce disease resistance in certain cases. Understanding the functional mechanisms underlying plant immune responses to nutritional elements has the potential to provide new insights into crop improvement. In the present study, we investigated the effect of various elements-potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sodium (Na)-in promoting resistance against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and the hemibiotrophic bacterium Xanthomonas euvesicatoria in tomato. We demonstrate that spray treatment of essential elements was sufficient to activate immune responses, inducing defense gene expression, cellular leakage, reactive oxygen species, and ethylene production. We report that different defense signaling pathways are required for induction of immunity in response to different elements. Our results suggest that genetic mechanisms that are modulated by nutrient elements can be exploited in agricultural practices to promote disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Gupta
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, 68 Hamakabim Rd., Rishon LeZion 7534509, Israel
| | - Meirav Leibman-Markus
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, 68 Hamakabim Rd., Rishon LeZion 7534509, Israel
| | - Gautam Anand
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, 68 Hamakabim Rd., Rishon LeZion 7534509, Israel
| | - Dalia Rav-David
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, 68 Hamakabim Rd., Rishon LeZion 7534509, Israel
| | - Uri Yermiyahu
- Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, D.N. Negev 2, Bet Dagan 85280, Israel
| | - Yigal Elad
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, 68 Hamakabim Rd., Rishon LeZion 7534509, Israel
| | - Maya Bar
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, 68 Hamakabim Rd., Rishon LeZion 7534509, Israel
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Cai H, Yu N, Liu Y, Wei X, Guo C. Meta-analysis of fungal plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum infection-related gene profiles using transcriptome datasets. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:970477. [PMID: 36090060 PMCID: PMC9449528 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.970477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is a serious soil-borne fungal pathogen that affects the production of many economically important crops worldwide. Recent reports suggest that this fungus is becoming the dominant species in soil and could become the main infectious fungus in the future. However, the infection mechanisms employed by F. oxysporum are poorly understood. In the present study, using a network meta-analysis technique and public transcriptome datasets for different F. oxysporum and plant interactions, we aimed to explore the common molecular infection strategy used by this fungus and to identify vital genes involved in this process. Principle component analysis showed that all the fungal culture samples from different datasets were clustered together, and were clearly separated from the infection samples, suggesting the feasibility of an integrated analysis of heterogeneous datasets. A total of 335 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among these samples, of which 262 were upregulated and 73 were downregulated significantly across the datasets. The most enriched functional categories of the common DEGs were carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Nine co-expression modules were identified, and two modules, the turquoise module and the blue module, correlated positively and negatively with all the infection processes, respectively. Co-expression networks were constructed for these two modules and hub genes were identified and validated. Our results comprise a cross fungal-host interaction resource, highlighting the use of a network biology approach to gain molecular insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
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Nutrient Status of Cucumber Plants Affects Powdery Mildew ( Podosphaera xanthii). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102216. [PMID: 34686025 PMCID: PMC8539619 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effects of applications of N, P, K, Mg, and Ca through an irrigation solution and spraying K, Ca, and Mg salts on cucumber powdery mildew (CPM, Podosphaera xanthii) in potted plants and under commercial-like conditions. Spraying CaCl2 and MgCl2, or KCl and K2SO4, decreased CPM. There were significant negative correlations between the anion-related molar concentrations of the salts and disease severity. Among the sprayed treatments, NaCl provided significantly less CPM control when applied at a low (0.05 M) concentration, as compared with CaCl2 and MgCl2. When sprayed applications of Mg and K salts were analyzed separately from the untreated control, the Cl− salts were found to be more effective than the SO4−2 salts. High N and Mg concentrations in the irrigation water delivered to young, fruit-less cucumber plants reduced CPM, whereas more CPM was observed when the irrigation solution contained a medium amount of P and a high amount of K. In contrast, mature, fruit-bearing plants had less severe CPM at higher N, lower P, and higher K levels. Spraying mature plants with monopotassium phosphate, polyhalite (K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4·2H2O), and the salts mentioned above over an entire growing season suppressed CPM. CPM severity was also reduced by spray applications of Ca, Mg, and KSO4−2 and Cl− salts. Spray applications provided better CPM control than fertigation treatments. Induced resistance is probably involved in the effects of nutrients on CPM.
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The Role of a New Compound Micronutrient Multifunctional Fertilizer against Verticillium dahliae on Cotton. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10010081. [PMID: 33477774 PMCID: PMC7832308 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Verticillium dahliae Kleb., the causal pathogen of vascular wilt, can seriously reduce the yield and quality of many crops, including cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). To control the harm caused by V. dahliae, considering the environmental pollution of chemical fungicides and their residues, the strategy of plant nutrition regulation is becoming increasingly important as an eco-friendly method for disease control. A new compound micronutrient fertilizer (CMF) found in our previous study could reduce the damage of cotton Verticillium wilt and increase yield. However, there is little information about the mode of action of CMF to control this disease. In the present study, we evaluated the role of CMF against V. dahliae and its mechanism of action in vitro and in vivo. In the laboratory tests, we observed that CMF could inhibit hyphal growth, microsclerotia germination, and reduce sporulation of V. dahliae. Further studies revealed that the biomass of V. dahliae in the root and hypocotyl of cotton seedlings treated with CMF were significantly reduced compared with the control, and these results could explain the decline in the disease index of cotton Verticillium wilt. Furthermore, those key genes involved in the phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway, resistance-related genes defense, and nitric oxide signaling pathway were induced in cotton root and hypocotyl tissue when treated with CMF. These results suggest that CMF is a multifaceted micronutrient fertilizer with roles in inhibiting the growth, development, and pathogenicity of V. dahliae and promoting cotton growth.
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