Li X, Liu Y, Yang L, Jiang Y, Qian Q. TIM-3 shuttled by MV3 cells-secreted exosomes inhibits CD4+ T cell immune function and induces macrophage M2 polarization to promote the growth and metastasis of melanoma cells.
Transl Oncol 2022;
18:101334. [PMID:
35093790 PMCID:
PMC8808081 DOI:
10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101334]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MV3-Exo inhibits CD4+ t cell immune function and induces M2-polarized macrophages.
TIM-3 is upregulated in MV3 cells-secreted exosomes.
TIM-3 inhibits CD4+ t cell immune function and induces M2-polarized macrophages.
TIM-3 shuttled by MV3-Exo promotes growth and metastasis of melanoma.
The study unveiled a protective target against metastasis of melanoma.
This study is sought to determine the physiological mechanisms by which exosomes-encapsulated TIM-3 derived from melanoma cells might mediate CD4+ T cell immune function and macrophage M2 polarization in melanoma. Initially, exosomes were isolated from the human skin-derived melanoma cell line MV3for analysis of TIM-3 expression pattern. Next, the exosomes sourced from MV3 cells manipulated with sh-TIM-3 were co-incubated with CD4+ T cells to detect CD4+ T cell proliferation and MV3 cell migration and invasion, to observe the macrophage M2 polarization, and to determine levels of several EMT-related factors. Finally, melanoma nude mouse models were established to study the in vivo modulatory effects of TIM-3 from MV3 cells-derived exosomes. MV3 cells-derived exosomes inhibited CD4+ T cell immune function and promoted macrophage M2 polarization in melanoma. Our results revealed the abundance of TIM-3 in MV3 cells-derived exosomes. Of importance, silencing of TIM-3 shuttled by MV3 cells-derived exosomes improved CD4+ T cell immune function and inhibited macrophage M2 polarization to attenuate the growth and metastasis of melanoma cells. Collectively, MV3 cells-derived exosomes-loaded TIM-3 suppressed CD4+ T cell immune function and induced macrophage M2 polarization to improve occurrence and development of melanoma, therefore providing us with a potential therapeutic target for effectively combating melanoma.
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