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Liu J, Ma Y, Zhang M, Lai T, Wang Y, Yang Z. Biosynthesis of lactosucrose by a new source of β-fructofuranosidase from Bacillus methanolicus LB-1. J Biosci Bioeng 2023; 135:118-126. [PMID: 36564253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lactosucrose (LS) is a prebiotic trisaccharide enzymatically synthesized by transglycosylation from lactose and sucrose with beneficial health effect. The β-fructofuranosidase used for synthesis of LS was produced from Bacillus methanolicus LB-1, which was isolated from traditional rice wine. A maximal yield of 8.63 U/mL of the enzyme was obtained by fermentation with B. methanolicus LB-1 under the optimized conditions: 10 g/L of glucose, 5 g/L of yeast extract, initial medium pH at 7.0, 37 °C, 24 h. The enzyme was purified and identified by ammonium sulfate fractional precipitation, Sephadex G-75 gel filtration chromatography and LC-MS, and SDS-PAGE of the purified enzyme showed a major protein band at 45 kDa. Biosynthesis of LS was performed using the purified β-fructofuranosidase, and production of LS reached 110 g/L under the optimized reaction conditions: pH at 7.0, 37 °C, 6.0 U/g sucrose of enzyme, 15% of sucrose, 15% of lactose, 28 h. HPLC analysis of the reaction products showed a distinct peak for LS at about 30 min of elution, confirming that B. methanolicus LB-1 β-fructofuranosidase had effective transfructosylation activity. Therefore, this new microbial source of β-fructofuranosidase may be a candidate with potential application prospect in biosynthesis of prebiotic LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yimiao Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Primary Processing, Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, MARA, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Tiantian Lai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yihui Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhennai Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Prebiotics as a Tool for the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Diabetes: Classification and Ability to Modulate the Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116097. [PMID: 35682774 PMCID: PMC9181475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and obesity are metabolic diseases that have become alarming conditions in recent decades. Their rate of increase is becoming a growing concern worldwide. Recent studies have established that the composition and dysfunction of the gut microbiota are associated with the development of diabetes. For this reason, strategies such as the use of prebiotics to improve intestinal microbial structure and function have become popular. Consumption of prebiotics for modulating the gut microbiota results in the production of microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids that play essential roles in reducing blood glucose levels, mitigating insulin resistance, reducing inflammation, and promoting the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 in the host, and this accounts for the observed remission of metabolic diseases. Prebiotics can be either naturally extracted from non-digestible carbohydrate materials or synthetically produced. In this review, we discussed current findings on how the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites may influence host metabolism to promote health. We provided evidence from various studies that show the ability of prebiotic consumption to alter gut microbial profile, improve gut microbial metabolism and functions, and improve host physiology to alleviate diabetes and obesity. We conclude among other things that the application of systems biology coupled with bioinformatics could be essential in ascertaining the exact mechanisms behind the prebiotic–gut microbe–host interactions required for diabetes and obesity improvement.
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Novel and emerging prebiotics: Advances and opportunities. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 95:41-95. [PMID: 33745516 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Consumers are conscientiously changing their eating preferences toward healthier options, such as functional foods enriched with pre- and probiotics. Prebiotics are attractive bioactive compounds with multidimensional beneficial action on both human and animal health, namely on the gastrointestinal tract, cardiometabolism, bones or mental health. Conventionally, prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates which generally present favorable organoleptic properties, temperature and acidic stability, and are considered interesting food ingredients. However, according to the current definition of prebiotics, application categories other than food are accepted, as well as non-carbohydrate substrates and bioactivity at extra-intestinal sites. Regulatory issues are considered a major concern for prebiotics since a clear understanding and application of these compounds among the consumers, regulators, scientists, suppliers or manufacturers, health-care providers and standards or recommendation-setting organizations are of utmost importance. Prebiotics can be divided in several categories according to their development and regulatory status. Inulin, galactooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides and lactulose are generally classified as well established prebiotics. Xylooligosaccharides, isomaltooligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides and lactosucrose are classified as "emerging" prebiotics, while raffinose, neoagaro-oligosaccharides and epilactose are "under development." Other substances, such as human milk oligosaccharides, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, protein hydrolysates and peptides are considered "new candidates." This chapter will encompass actual information about the non-established prebiotics, mainly their physicochemical properties, market, legislation, biological activity and possible applications. Generally, there is a lack of clear demonstrations about the effective health benefits associated with all the non-established prebiotics. Overcoming this limitation will undoubtedly increase the demand for these compounds and their market size will follow the consumer's trend.
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Long J, Pan T, Xie Z, Xu X, Jin Z. Co-immobilization of β-fructofuranosidase and glucose oxidase improves the stability of Bi-enzymes and the production of lactosucrose. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Perspectives on the biotechnological production and potential applications of lactosucrose: A review. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Li W, Yu S, Zhang T, Jiang B, Stressler T, Fischer L, Mu W. Efficient Biosynthesis of Lactosucrose from Sucrose and Lactose by the Purified Recombinant Levansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512 FMC. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9755-9763. [PMID: 26487543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lactosucrose, a rare trisaccharide formed from sucrose and lactose by enzymatic transglycosylation, is a type of indigestible carbohydrate with a good prebiotic effect. In this study, lactosucrose biosynthesis was efficiently carried out by a purified levansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512. The target gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant enzyme was purified to homogeneity by nickel affinity and gel filtration chromatography. The effects of pH, temperature, substrate concentration, substrate ratio, and enzyme amount on lactosucrose biosynthesis were studied in detail, and the optimized conditions were determined to be pH 6.5, 50 °C, 27% (W/V) sucrose, 27% (W/V) lactose, and 5 U mL(-1) of the purified recombinant enzyme. Under the optimized reaction conditions, the maximal lactosucrose yield reached 224 g L(-1) after reaction for 1 h. Therefore, L. mesenteroides levansucrase could be considered a potential candidate for future industrial production of lactosucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhuai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Timo Stressler
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology , Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Science, Garbenstrasse 25, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Lutz Fischer
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology , Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Science, Garbenstrasse 25, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology , Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Science, Garbenstrasse 25, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
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Miyazato S, Kishimoto Y, Takahashi K, Kaminogawa S, Hosono A. Continuous intake of resistant maltodextrin enhanced intestinal immune response through changes in the intestinal environment in mice. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2015; 35:1-7. [PMID: 26858925 PMCID: PMC4735028 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2015-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of resistant maltodextrin (RMD), a non-viscous soluble dietary fiber, on
intestinal immune response and its mechanism in mice. Intestinal and fecal immunoglobulin A (IgA) were
determined as indicators of intestinal immune response, and changes in the intestinal environment were focused
to study the mechanism. BALB/c mice were fed one of three experimental diets, a control diet or a diet
containing either 5% or 7.5% RMD, for two weeks. Continuous intake of RMD dose-dependently increased total IgA
levels in the intestinal tract. Total IgA production from the cecal mucosa was significantly increased by RMD
intake, while there were no significant differences in mucosal IgA production between the control group and
experimental groups in the small intestine and colon. Continuous intake of RMD changed the composition of the
cecal contents; that is, the composition of the cecal microbiota was changed, and short-chain fatty acids
(SCFAs) were increased. There was an increased trend in Bacteroidales in the cecal microbiota, and butyrate,
an SCFA, was significantly increased. Our study demonstrated that continuous intake of RMD enhanced the
intestinal immune response by increasing the production of IgA in the intestinal tract. It suggested that the
increase in total SCFAs and changes in the intestinal microbiota resulting from the fermentation of RMD orally
ingested were associated with the induction of IgA production in intestinal immune cells, with the IgA
production of the cecal mucosa in particular being significantly increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Miyazato
- Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 5-3 Kitaitami, Itami, Hyogo 664-8508, Japan; College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Yuka Kishimoto
- Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 5-3 Kitaitami, Itami, Hyogo 664-8508, Japan
| | - Kyoko Takahashi
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaminogawa
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Akira Hosono
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
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Kishino E, Takemura N, Masaki H, Ito T, Nakazawa M. Dietary lactosucrose suppresses influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in mice. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2015; 34:67-76. [PMID: 26594606 PMCID: PMC4654070 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2015-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of lactosucrose
(4G-β-D-galactosylsucrose) on influenza A virus infections
in mice. First, the effects of lactosucrose on fermentation in the
cecum and on immune function were investigated. In female BALB/c mice,
lactosucrose supplementation for 6 weeks promoted cecal fermentation
and increased both secretory IgA (SIgA) levels in feces and total IgA
and IgG2a concentrations in serum. Both the percentage of
CD4+ T cells in Peyer’s patches and the cytotoxic
activity of splenic natural killer (NK) cells increased significantly
in response to lactosucrose. Next, we examined the effects of
lactosucrose on low-dose influenza A virus infection in mice. After 2
weeks of dietary supplementation with lactosucrose, the mice were
infected with low-dose influenza A virus. At 7 days post infection, a
comparison with control mice showed that weight loss was suppressed,
as were viral titers in the lungs. In the spleens of lactosucrose-fed
mice, there was an increase in the percentage of NK cells. Lastly,
mice fed lactosucrose were challenged with a lethal dose of influenza
A virus. The survival rate of these mice was significantly higher than
that of mice fed a control diet. These results suggested that
lactosucrose supplementation suppresses influenza A virus infection by
augmenting innate immune responses and enhancing cellular and mucosal
immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Kishino
- Carbohydrate Research Laboratory, Ensuiko Sugar Refining Co., Ltd., 1-1-1 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Naho Takemura
- Carbohydrate Research Laboratory, Ensuiko Sugar Refining Co., Ltd., 1-1-1 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hisaharu Masaki
- Carbohydrate Research Laboratory, Ensuiko Sugar Refining Co., Ltd., 1-1-1 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ito
- Carbohydrate Research Laboratory, Ensuiko Sugar Refining Co., Ltd., 1-1-1 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nakazawa
- Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Recent novel applications of levansucrases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6959-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6797-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Zhou Y, Ruan Z, Zhou X, Huang X, Li H, Wang L, Zhang C, Liu S, Deng Z, Wu G, Yin Y. A diet with lactosucrose supplementation ameliorates trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats. Food Funct 2015; 6:162-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00381k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic intestinal inflammation contributes to an increased risk of colon cancer.
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Wu C, Zhang T, Mu W, Miao M, Jiang B. Biosynthesis of lactosylfructoside by an intracellular levansucrase from Bacillus methylotrophicus SK 21.002. Carbohydr Res 2015; 401:122-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Zhou Y, Ruan Z, Zhou X, Huang X, Li H, Wang L, Zhang C, Deng Z, Wu G, Yin Y. Lactosucrose attenuates intestinal inflammation by promoting Th2 cytokine production and enhancing CD86 expression in colitic rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 79:643-51. [PMID: 25522686 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.991680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Some oligosaccharides have immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory functions in the intestine. This study investigated the immunoregulatory effect of lactosucrose (LS) on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitic rats. Alkaline phosphatase activity was increased but myeloperoxidase activity was decreased in the LS-TNBS group, as compared with the TNBS group (colitis rats without receiving LS). LS supplementation stimulated IL-4 and IL-10 production, while up-regulating CD86 expression in dendritic cells. LS supplementation reduced the ratio of CD80/CD86 and the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 compared to the TNBS group. Moreover, IFN-γ was significantly correlated with CD80 (r = 0.764, p < 0.01), whereas IL-4 was significantly correlated with CD86 (r = 0.489, p < 0.05). These results indicated that LS attenuated colitis by promoting the production of Th2-type cytokines and rebalancing the ratio of Th1/Th2 and that enhanced IL-4 production is correlated with enhanced CD86 expression in the gut. Therefore, LS is a functional food for patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
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Absorption of the Indigestible Disaccharide, β-1,4-Mannobiose, from Coconut by the Rat Portal Vein. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 76:575-7. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lactosucrose Inhibits Body Fat Accumulation in Rats by Decreasing Intestinal Lipid Absorption. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 73:582-7. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.80658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Current studies on physiological functions and biological production of lactosucrose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:7073-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5079-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Preparation of partially benzylated mono-, di-, and trisaccharides by selective cleavage of the β-fructofuranosidic linkage in fully benzylated sucrose and sucrose-related oligosaccharides under acidic conditions. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:1366-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Revised: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Effects of dietary lactosucrose (4G-beta-D-galactosylsucrose) on the IgE response in mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2007; 71:2766-73. [PMID: 17986785 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.70364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effects of dietary lactosucrose (LS, a non-digestible oligosaccharide) on the IgE response in mice immunized with ovalbumin (OVA)/alum. In addition to IgG1 and IgG2a responses, the anti-OVA IgE response in mice fed LS diets was dose-dependently suppressed, as compared with the control mice, while the serum total IgG levels were comparable. Moreover, dietary LS feeding inhibited antigen-specific IgE and IgG1 productions even after a second immunization. Regarding with cytokine production, when stimulated in vitro with OVA, splenocytes obtained from LS-fed mice produced a similar level of IFN-gamma, and lower levels of IL-4 and IL-5, as compared with the control mice. But IL-10 production by OVA-stimulated splenocytes was augmented in LS-fed mice, suggesting that IL-10 producing cells are responsible for the immunoregulatory effect of LS. Our findings indicate the further possibility that dietary LS supplementation can be used to prevent IgE-mediated allergic diseases.
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