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Poltorak A, Zhou X, Kasuga T, Xu Y, Fan Z. Conversion of Deproteinized Cheese Whey to Lactobionate by an Engineered Neurospora crassa Strain F5. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1292-1303. [PMID: 37392323 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04583-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel production process for lactobionic acid (LBA) production using an engineered Neurospora crassa strain F5. The wild-type N. crassa strain produces cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) and uses lactose as a carbon source. N. crassa strain F5, which was constructed by deleting six out of the seven β-glucosidases in the wild type, showed a much slower lactose utilization rate and produced a much higher level of cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) than the wild type. Strain N. crassa F5 produced CDH and laccase simultaneously on the pretreated wheat straw with 3 µM of cycloheximide added as the laccase inducer. The deproteinized cheese whey was added directly to the shake flasks with the fungus present to achieve LBA production. Strain F5 produced about 37 g/L of LBA from 45 g/L of lactose in 27 h since deproteinized cheese whey addition. The yield of LBA from consumed lactose was about 85%, and the LBA productivity achieved was about 1.37 g/L/h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Poltorak
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Takao Kasuga
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiliang Fan
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Han HJ, Oh YR, Han SW, Lee SS, Eom GT. Efficient Production of Lactobionic Acid Using Escherichia coli Capable of Synthesizing Pyrroloquinoline Quinone. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1962-1970. [PMID: 35118861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lactobionic acid (LBA) is an emerging chemical that has been widely utilized in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. We sought to produce LBA using Escherichia coli. LBA can be produced from lactose in E. coli, which is innately unable to produce LBA, by coexpressing a heterologous quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) and a pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) synthesis gene cluster. Using a recombinant E. coli strain, we successfully produced LBA without additional supplementation of PQQ, and changing the type of heterologous GDH improved the LBA production titer and productivity. To further enhance LBA production, culture conditions, such as growth temperature and isopropyl-β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside concentration, were optimized. Using optimized culture conditions, batch fermentation of the recombinant E. coli strain was performed using a 5 L bioreactor. After fermentation, this strain produced an LBA titer of 209.3 g/L, a yield of 100%, and a productivity of 1.45 g/L/h. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to produce LBA using heterologous GDH in an E. coli strain without any additional cofactors. Our results provide a simple method to produce LBA from lactose in a naturally non-LBA-producing bacterium and lay the groundwork for highly efficient LBA production in E. coli, which is one of the most versatile metabolite-producing bacterial hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jeong Han
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Oh
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Han
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Lee
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Tae Eom
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Lee SS, Oh YR, Jeong BY, Eom GT. Isolation of new lactobionic acid-producing microorganisms and improvement of their production ability by heterologous expression of glucose dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas taetrolens. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 153:109954. [PMID: 34826779 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Lactobionic acid (LBA) is a specialty organic acid that is widely employed in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. In the present study, we screened new LBA-producing bacteria from the soil of a poultry farm. Among the 700 bacterial colonies, five that exhibited LBA-producing ability were successfully isolated. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16 S rRNA sequences identified strain 2-15 as an Acinetobacter sp., strains 3-13 and 3-15 as Pseudomonas spp., and strains 7-7 and 7-8 as Psychrobacter spp. The LBA-producing abilities of the five strains were compared in flask culture, whereupon Psychrobacter sp. 7-8 showed the highest LBA titer (203.7 g/L), LBA yield from lactose (97.3%), and LBA productivity (2.83 g/L/h). To our best knowledge, this is the first study showing that Acinetobacter and Psychrobacter spp. can produce LBA from lactose. Our results would help broaden the spectrum of workhorse bacteria available for the industrially important microbial production of LBA. In addition, we improved the LBA-production ability of the three isolated bacteria, namely Acinetobacter sp. 2-15, Pseudomonas spp. strains 3-13 and 3-15, by heterologously expressing quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas taetrolens. In particular, the LBA-production ability of the recombinant Pseudomonas sp. 3-13 were highly improved that the LBA titer and productivity were 19.2- (205.6 vs. 10.7 g/L, respectively) and 17.8-fold (1.07 vs. 0.06 g/L/h, respectively) higher, respectively, than those of the wild-type strain. These values were almost identical to those of the wild-type Psychrobacter sp. 7-8, which showed the highest LBA productivity among the five isolated strains. This result demonstrated that the expression of lactose-oxidizing enzyme in LBA-producing microorganisms was highly effective to enhance their LBA-production ability. Our study presents a practical method to screen for efficient LBA-producing microorganisms and to improve their production ability by genetic engineering for industrial LBA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Soo Lee
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Oh
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Young Jeong
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Tae Eom
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea; Department of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
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Oh YR, Eom GT. Identification of a lactose-oxidizing enzyme in Escherichia coli and improvement of lactobionic acid production by recombinant expression of a quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas taetrolens. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 148:109828. [PMID: 34116749 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lactobionic acid (LBA), an aldonic acid prepared by oxidation of the free aldehyde group of lactose, has been broadly used in cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Although Escherichia coli is unable to produce LBA naturally, a wild-type E. coli strain successfully produced LBA from lactose upon pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) supplementation, indicating that E. coli contains at least one lactose-oxidizing enzyme as an apo-form. By inactivating the candidate genes in the E. coli chromosome, we found that the lactose-oxidizing enzyme of E. coli was the quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (GCD). To improve the LBA production ability of the E. coli strain, quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) from Pseudomonas taetrolens was recombinantly expressed and culture conditions such as growth temperature, initial lactose concentration, PQQ concentration, and isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside induction concentration were optimized. We performed batch fermentation using a 5-L bioreactor under the optimized culture conditions determined in flask culture experiments. After batch fermentation, the LBA production titer, yield, and productivity of the recombinant E. coli strain were 200 g/L, 100 %, and 1.28 g/L/h, respectively. To the best our knowledge, this is the first report to identify the lactose-oxidizing enzyme of E. coli and to produce LBA using a recombinant E. coli strain as the production host. Because E. coli is one of the most easily genetically manipulated bacteria, our result provides the groundwork to further enhance LBA production by metabolic engineering of LBA-producing E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ri Oh
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Tae Eom
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea; Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Oh YR, Jang YA, Lee SS, Kim JH, Hong SH, Han JJ, Eom GT. Enhancement of Lactobionic Acid Productivity by Homologous Expression of Quinoprotein Glucose Dehydrogenase in Pseudomonas taetrolens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12336-12344. [PMID: 33103429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study on improving lactobionic acid (LBA) production capacity in Pseudomonas taetrolens by genetic engineering. First, quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) was identified as the lactose-oxidizing enzyme of P. taetrolens. Of the two types of GDH genes in P. taetrolens, membrane-bound (GDH1) and soluble (GDH2), only GDH1 showed lactose-oxidizing activity. Next, the genetic tool system for P. taetrolens was developed based on the pDSK519 plasmid for the first time, and GDH1 gene was homologously expressed in P. taetrolens. Recombinant expression of the GDH1 gene enhanced intracellular lactose-oxidizing activity and LBA production of P. taetrolens in flask culture. In batch fermentation of the recombinant P. taetrolens using a 5 L bioreactor, the LBA productivity of the recombinant P. taetrolens was approximately 17% higher (8.70 g/(L h)) than that of the wild type (7.41 g/(L h)). The LBA productivity in this study is the highest ever reported using bacteria as production strains for LBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ri Oh
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ah Jang
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Lee
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Ho Kim
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Ho Hong
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Jun Han
- GF Fermentech, Inc., 74-12, Geumhoseonmal-gil, Bugang-myeon, Sejong-si 30077, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Tae Eom
- Bio-based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Oh YR, Jang YA, Hong SH, Han JJ, Eom GT. Efficient production of lactobionic acid using genetically engineered Pseudomonas taetrolens as a whole-cell biocatalyst. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 141:109668. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Cardoso T, Marques C, Dagostin JLA, Masson ML. Lactobionic Acid as a Potential Food Ingredient: Recent Studies and Applications. J Food Sci 2019; 84:1672-1681. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taís Cardoso
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Food EngineeringFederal Univ. of Paraná Av. Francisco Hoffmann dos Santos s/n, P.O. Box 19011 Postal code 81531‐970 Curitiba Paraná State Brazil
| | - Caroline Marques
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Food EngineeringFederal Univ. of Paraná Av. Francisco Hoffmann dos Santos s/n, P.O. Box 19011 Postal code 81531‐970 Curitiba Paraná State Brazil
| | - João Luiz Andreotti Dagostin
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Food EngineeringFederal Univ. of Paraná Av. Francisco Hoffmann dos Santos s/n, P.O. Box 19011 Postal code 81531‐970 Curitiba Paraná State Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Masson
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Graduate Program in Food EngineeringFederal Univ. of Paraná Av. Francisco Hoffmann dos Santos s/n, P.O. Box 19011 Postal code 81531‐970 Curitiba Paraná State Brazil
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Alonso S, Rendueles M, Díaz M. Bio-production of lactobionic acid: Current status, applications and future prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1275-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lactobionic acid: A high value-added lactose derivative for food and pharmaceutical applications. Int Dairy J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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