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Pan B, Kaldhone PR, Alund AW, Du H, Guo X, Yan J, Chen Y, Zhou T, Robison TW, Chen T. Mutagenicity of silver nanoparticles evaluated using whole-genome sequencing in mouse lymphoma cells. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:418-432. [PMID: 33710943 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1894614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The increasing medical and food applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) raise concerns about their safety, including the potential health consequences of human exposure. Previous studies found that AgNPs were negative in the Ames test due to both their microbicidal activity and the inability of nanoparticles to penetrate bacterial cell walls. Thus, the mutagenicity of AgNPs is still not completely clear, though they do induce chromosome damage, as suggested by many previous genotoxicity studies. In this study, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to analyze the mutagenicity of AgNPs in mouse lymphoma cells expanded from single-cell clones. The cells were treated with AgNPs, 4-nitroquinolone-1-oxide (4-NQO) as the positive control, and vehicle controls. Both AgNPs and 4-NQO significantly increased mutation frequencies over their concurrent controls by 1.12-fold and 4.89-fold with mutation rates at 4-fold and 130-fold, respectively. AgNP-induced mutations mainly occurred at G:C sites with G:C > T:A transversions, G:C > A:T transitions, and deletions as the most commonly observed mutations. AgNPs also induced higher fold changes in tandem mutations. The results suggest that the WGS mutation assay conducted here can detect the low-level mutagenicity of AgNPs, providing substantial support for the use of the WGS method as a possible alternative assay with respect to the mutagenic assessment of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohu Pan
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Pravin R Kaldhone
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Alexander W Alund
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Hua Du
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Jian Yan
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Tong Zhou
- Center for Veterinary Medicine, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Timothy W Robison
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Tao Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
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