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Muoio MG, Pellegrino M, Rapicavoli V, Talia M, Scavo G, Sergi V, Vella V, Pettinato S, Galasso MG, Lappano R, Scordamaglia D, Cirillo F, Pulvirenti A, Rigiracciolo DC, Maggiolini M, Belfiore A, De Francesco EM. RAGE inhibition blunts insulin-induced oncogenic signals in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:84. [PMID: 37461077 PMCID: PMC10351154 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is implicated in diabetes and obesity complications, as well as in breast cancer (BC). Herein, we evaluated whether RAGE contributes to the oncogenic actions of Insulin, which plays a key role in BC progression particularly in obese and diabetic patients. Analysis of the publicly available METABRIC study, which collects gene expression and clinical data from a large cohort (n = 1904) of BC patients, revealed that RAGE and the Insulin Receptor (IR) are co-expressed and associated with negative prognostic parameters. In MCF-7, ZR75 and 4T1 BC cells, as well as in patient-derived Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts, the pharmacological inhibition of RAGE as well as its genetic depletion interfered with Insulin-induced activation of the oncogenic pathway IR/IRS1/AKT/CD1. Mechanistically, IR and RAGE directly interacted upon Insulin stimulation, as shown by in situ proximity ligation assays and coimmunoprecipitation studies. Of note, RAGE inhibition halted the activation of both IR and insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), as demonstrated in MCF-7 cells KO for the IR and the IGF-1R gene via CRISPR-cas9 technology. An unbiased label-free proteomic analysis uncovered proteins and predicted pathways affected by RAGE inhibition in Insulin-stimulated BC cells. Biologically, RAGE inhibition reduced cell proliferation, migration, and patient-derived mammosphere formation triggered by Insulin. In vivo, the pharmacological inhibition of RAGE halted Insulin-induced tumor growth, without affecting blood glucose homeostasis. Together, our findings suggest that targeting RAGE may represent an appealing opportunity to blunt Insulin-induced oncogenic signaling in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Muoio
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122, Catania, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - M Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - V Rapicavoli
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - M Talia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - G Scavo
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - V Sergi
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - V Vella
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - S Pettinato
- Breast Unit Breast Surgery, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - M G Galasso
- Pathological Anatomy Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - R Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - D Scordamaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - F Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - A Pulvirenti
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95131, Catania, Italy
| | - D C Rigiracciolo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - M Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy.
| | - A Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - E M De Francesco
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122, Catania, Italy.
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2
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Balkanov AS, Rozanov ID, Glazkov AA. Relationship of carbohydrate metabolism indicators during adjuvant radiotherapy and survival in patients with glioblastoma. ZHURNAL VOPROSY NEIROKHIRURGII IMENI N. N. BURDENKO 2022; 86:13-20. [PMID: 36252189 DOI: 10.17116/neiro20228605113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Despite the improvement of treatment methods, survival of patients with glioblastoma is still low. Glioblastoma is the most common brain tumor. OBJECTIVE To study carbohydrate metabolism in patients with glioblastoma during adjuvant external beam radiation therapy and its impact on survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 66 patients with glioblastoma (Karnofsky score ≥80%) who underwent hypofractionated adjuvant external beam radiation therapy (single focal dose 2.5-3Gr). Patients received dexamethasone 4-8 mg daily throughout the entire course of irradiation. RESULTS High level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was observed in 33.3% of patients with glioblastoma undergoing irradiation. Cumulative survival was 17 months (95% CI 13.7-20.3). Two indicators had a significant negative impact on cumulative survival: age of patients (HR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01-1.08; p=0.02) and level of HbA1c (HR 1.94; 95% CI 1.23-3.06; p=0.005). Cumulative survival was significantly (p=0.022) higher in patients younger 53 years compared to older people (18 months and 14 months, respectively). Cumulative survival was 20 months among patients whose HbA1c did not exceed the upper reference value (<5.8%). Survival was higher (p=0.017) in these ones compared to patients with HbA1c ≥5.8% (13 months). According to multivariate Cox regression model, high HbA1c was the only significant negative predictor of cumulative survival (HR 3.35; 95% CI 1.14-9.81; p=0.027). CONCLUSION High HbA1c is unfavorable predictor of cumulative survival in patients with glioblastoma and Karnofski score ≥80% undergoing adjuvant hypofractionated irradiation regardless their age.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Balkanov
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - I D Rozanov
- Botkin Moscow City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Glazkov
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
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3
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Li Y, Pan Y, Cao S, Sasaki K, Wang Y, Niu A, Fan X, Wang S, Zhang MZ, Harris RC. Podocyte EGFR Inhibits Autophagy Through Upregulation of Rubicon in Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes 2021; 70:562-576. [PMID: 33239448 PMCID: PMC7881855 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is activated in models of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and inhibition of the EGFR signaling pathway protects against the development of DN. We have now determined that in cultured podocytes, high glucose led to increases in activation of EGFR signaling but decreases in autophagy activity as indicated by decreased beclin-1 and inhibition of LC3B autophagosome formation as well as increased rubicon (an autophagy inhibitor) and SQSTM1 (autophagy substrate). Either genetic (small interfering [si]EGFR) or pharmacologic (AG1478) inhibition of EGFR signaling attenuated the decreased autophagy activity. In addition, rubicon siRNA knockdown prevented high glucose-induced inhibition of autophagy in podocytes. We further examined whether selective EGFR deletion in podocytes affected the progression of DN in type 2 diabetes. Selective podocyte EGFR deletion had no effect on body weight or fasting blood sugars in either db/db mice or nos3 -/-; db/db mice, a model of accelerated type 2 DN. However selective podocyte EGFR deletion led to relative podocyte preservation and marked reduction in albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis, renal proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression, and decreased profibrotic and fibrotic components in nos3 -/-; db/db mice. Podocyte EGFR deletion led to decreased podocyte expression of rubicon, in association with increased podocyte autophagy activity. Therefore, activation of EGFR signaling in podocytes contributes to progression of DN at least in part by increasing rubicon expression, leading to subsequent autophagy inhibition and podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shirong Cao
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Kensuke Sasaki
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Yinqiu Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Aolei Niu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Xiaofeng Fan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Suwan Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN
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Pessôa MTC, Valadares JMM, Rocha SC, Silva SC, McDermott JP, Sánchez G, Varotti FP, Scavone C, Ribeiro RIMA, Villar JAFP, Blanco G, Barbosa LA. 21-Benzylidene digoxin decreases proliferation by inhibiting the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway and induces apoptosis in HeLa cells. Steroids 2020; 155:108551. [PMID: 31812624 PMCID: PMC7028499 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotonic steroids (CTS) are agents traditionally known for their capacity to bind to the Na,K-ATPase (NKA), affecting the ion transport and the contraction of the heart. Natural CTS have been shown to also have effects on cell signaling pathways. With the goal of developing a new CTS derivative, we synthesized a new digoxin derivative, 21-benzylidene digoxin (21-BD). Previously, we have shown that this compound binds to NKA and has cytotoxic actions on cancer, but not on normal cells. Here, we further studied the mechanisms of actions of 21-BD. Working with HeLa cells, we found that 21-BD decreases the basal, as well as the insulin stimulated proliferation. 21-BD reduces phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK), which are involved in pathways that stimulate cell proliferation. In addition, 21-BD promotes apoptosis, which is mediated by the translocation of Bax from the cytosol to mitochondria and the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c to the cytosol. 21-BD also activated caspases-8, -9 and -3, and induced the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Altogether, these results show that the new compound that we have synthesized exerts cytotoxic actions on HeLa cells by inhibition of cell proliferation and the activation of both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. These results support the relevance of the cardiotonic steroid scaffold as modulators of cell signaling pathways and potential agents for their use in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Túlio C Pessôa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Jéssica M M Valadares
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Sayonarah C Rocha
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone C Silva
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Nanoestruturas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Jeff P McDermott
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Gladis Sánchez
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Fernando P Varotti
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica (NQBio), Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Cristóforo Scavone
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosy I M A Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - José A F P Villar
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Nanoestruturas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Blanco
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Leandro A Barbosa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
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5
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de Laat MA, Spence RJ, Sillence MN, Pollitt CC. An investigation of the equine epidermal growth factor system during hyperinsulinemic laminitis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225843. [PMID: 31805097 PMCID: PMC6894753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine laminitis is a disease of the digital epidermal lamellae typified by epidermal cell proliferation and structural collapse. Most commonly the disease is caused by hyperinsulinemia, although the pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Insulin can activate the epidermal growth factor (EGF) system in other species and the present study tested the hypothesis that upregulation of EGF receptor (EGFR) signalling is a key factor in laminitis pathophysiology. First, we examined lamellar tissue from healthy Standardbred horses and those with induced hyperinsulinemia and laminitis for EGFR distribution and quantity using immunostaining and gene expression, respectively. Phosphorylation of EGFR was also quantified. Next, plasma EGF concentrations were compared in healthy and insulin-infused horses, and in healthy and insulin-dysregulated ponies before and after feeding. The EGFR were localised to the secondary epidermal lamellae, with stronger staining in parabasal, rather than basal, cells. No change in EGFR gene expression occurred with laminitis, although the receptor showed some phosphorylation. No difference was seen in EGF concentrations in horses, but in insulin-dysregulated ponies mean, post-prandial EGF concentrations were almost three times higher than in healthy ponies (274 ± 90 vs. 97.4 ± 20.9 pg/mL, P = 0.05). Although the EGFR does not appear to play a major pathogenic role in hyperinsulinemic laminitis, the significance of increased EGF in insulin-dysregulated ponies deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody A. de Laat
- Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Robert J. Spence
- Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martin N. Sillence
- Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher C. Pollitt
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
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6
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Nocita E, Del Giovane A, Tiberi M, Boccuni L, Fiorelli D, Sposato C, Romano E, Basoli F, Trombetta M, Rainer A, Traversa E, Ragnini-Wilson A. EGFR/ErbB Inhibition Promotes OPC Maturation up to Axon Engagement by Co-Regulating PIP2 and MBP. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080844. [PMID: 31390799 PMCID: PMC6721729 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Remyelination in the adult brain relies on the reactivation of the Neuronal Precursor Cell (NPC) niche and differentiation into Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells (OPCs) as well as on OPC maturation into myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs). These two distinct phases in OL development are defined by transcriptional and morphological changes. How this differentiation program is controlled remains unclear. We used two drugs that stimulate myelin basic protein (MBP) expression (Clobetasol and Gefitinib) alone or combined with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or Retinoid X Receptor gamma (RXRγ) gene silencing to decode the receptor signaling required for OPC differentiation in myelinating OLs. Electrospun polystyrene (PS) microfibers were used as synthetic axons to study drug efficacy on fiber engagement. We show that EGFR inhibition per se stimulates MBP expression and increases Clobetasol efficacy in OPC differentiation. Consistent with this, Clobetasol and Gefitinib co-treatment, by co-regulating RXRγ, MBP and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) levels, maximizes synthetic axon engagement. Conversely, RXRγ gene silencing reduces the ability of the drugs to promote MBP expression. This work provides a view of how EGFR/ErbB inhibition controls OPC differentiation and indicates the combination of Clobetasol and Gefitinib as a potent remyelination-enhancing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Nocita
- NeurotechIT Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Del Giovane
- NeurotechIT Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Tiberi
- NeurotechIT Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Boccuni
- NeurotechIT Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Fiorelli
- NeurotechIT Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Carola Sposato
- NeurotechIT Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Romano
- Advanced Microscopy Center, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Basoli
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Trombetta
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Rainer
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Traversa
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Antonella Ragnini-Wilson
- NeurotechIT Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
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7
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Guerrero CH, Gamboa-Loira B, Mérida-Ortega Á, López-Carrillo L. Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load and Risk of Breast Cancer by Molecular Subtype in Mexican Women. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1283-1289. [PMID: 31058544 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1607408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to estimate the risk of breast cancer (BC) molecular subtypes in relation to the average glycemic index (GI) and the dietary glycemic load (GL) in Mexican women. From 2007 to 2011, a study of incident cases and population controls was conducted in five states of northern Mexico. A subsample of 509 cases matched 1:1 by age with 509 controls was selected. With a food frequency questionnaire, information about diet was obtained, and GI and GL were calculated. The expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in tumors was obtained from medical records. Patients were classified as luminal A (RE+ and/or PR+/HER2-), HER2+ (RE+ and/or PR+/HER2+ and RE-/PR-/HER2+), or triple negative (TN) (RE-/PR-/HER2-). GI and GL associations with BC molecular subtypes were evaluated using conditional logistic regression models. GI was positively associated with luminal A (OR= 1.12; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.22), HER2+ (OR= 1.15; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.30), and TN (OR= 1.20; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.39) BC. GL was not associated with BC molecular subtypes. These results suggest that the type of carbohydrate consumed is associated with increased BC regardless of the luminal A, HER2+, and TN subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian H Guerrero
- Center for Research in Health and Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health , Cuernavaca , Morelos, Mexico
| | - Brenda Gamboa-Loira
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health , Cuernavaca , Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ángel Mérida-Ortega
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health , Cuernavaca , Morelos, Mexico
| | - Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health , Cuernavaca , Morelos, Mexico
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8
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Jin EJ, Ko HR, Hwang I, Kim BS, Choi JY, Park KW, Cho SW, Ahn JY. Akt regulates neurite growth by phosphorylation-dependent inhibition of radixin proteasomal degradation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2557. [PMID: 29416050 PMCID: PMC5803261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20755-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurite growth is controlled by a complex molecular signaling network that regulates filamentous actin (F-actin) dynamics at the growth cone. The evolutionarily conserved ezrin, radixin, and moesin family of proteins tether F-actin to the cell membrane when phosphorylated at a conserved threonine residue and modulate neurite outgrowth. Here we show that Akt binds to and phosphorylates a threonine 573 residue on radixin. Akt-mediated phosphorylation protects radixin from ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation, thereby enhancing radixin protein stability, which permits proper neurite outgrowth and growth cone formation. Conversely, the inhibition of Akt kinase or disruption of Akt-dependent phosphorylation reduces the binding affinity of radixin to F-actin as well as lowers radixin protein levels, resulting in decreased neurite outgrowth and growth cone formation. Our findings suggest that Akt signaling regulates neurite outgrowth by stabilizing radixin interactions with F-actin, thus facilitating local F-actin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ju Jin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Hyo Rim Ko
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Inwoo Hwang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Byeong-Seong Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Choi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jee-Yin Ahn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea. .,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea. .,Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
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9
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Ko HR, Kwon IS, Hwang I, Jin EJ, Shin JH, Brennan-Minnella AM, Swanson R, Cho SW, Lee KH, Ahn JY. Akt1-Inhibitor of DNA binding2 is essential for growth cone formation and axon growth and promotes central nervous system axon regeneration. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27938661 PMCID: PMC5153247 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic studies of axon growth during development are beneficial to the search for neuron-intrinsic regulators of axon regeneration. Here, we discovered that, in the developing neuron from rat, Akt signaling regulates axon growth and growth cone formation through phosphorylation of serine 14 (S14) on Inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2). This enhances Id2 protein stability by means of escape from proteasomal degradation, and steers its localization to the growth cone, where Id2 interacts with radixin that is critical for growth cone formation. Knockdown of Id2, or abrogation of Id2 phosphorylation at S14, greatly impairs axon growth and the architecture of growth cone. Intriguingly, reinstatement of Akt/Id2 signaling after injury in mouse hippocampal slices redeemed growth promoting ability, leading to obvious axon regeneration. Our results suggest that Akt/Id2 signaling is a key module for growth cone formation and axon growth, and its augmentation plays a potential role in CNS axonal regeneration. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.20799.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Rim Ko
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Sun Kwon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inwoo Hwang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Jin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Ho Shin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Angela M Brennan-Minnella
- The Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, United States
| | - Raymond Swanson
- The Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, United States
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Lee
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Yin Ahn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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