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Jia J, He R, Yao Z, Su J, Deng S, Chen K, Yu B. Daidzein alleviates osteoporosis by promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis coupling. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16121. [PMID: 37868048 PMCID: PMC10586307 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures are world-wide serious public health problem. Recent studies demonstrated that inhibiting caveolin-1 leads to osteoclastogenesis suppression and protection against OVX-induced osteoporosis. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of caveolin-1 mediating bone loss and the potential therapeutic target. Methods Thirty C57BL/6 female mice were allocated randomly into three groups: sham or bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) surgeries were performed for mice and subsequently daidzein or vehicle was administrated to animals (control, OVX + vehicle and OVX + daidzein). After 8-week administration, femurs were harvested for Micro-CT scan, histological staining including H&E, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, TRAP. Bone marrow endothelial cells (BMECs) were cultured and treated with inhibitors of caveolin-1 (daidzein) or EGFR (erlotinib) and then scratch wound healing and ki67 assays were performed. In addition, cells were harvested for western blot and PCR analysis. Results Micro-CT showed inhibiting caveolin-1with daidzein alleviated OVX-induced osteoporosis and osteogenesis suppression. Further investigations revealed H-type vessels in cancellous bone were decreased in OVX-induced mice, which can be alleviated by daidzein. It was subsequently proved that daidzein improved migration and proliferation of BMECs hence improved H-type vessels formation through inhibiting caveolin-1, which suppressed EGFR/AKT/PI3K signaling in BMECs. Conclusions This study demonstrated that daidzein alleviates OVX-induced osteoporosis by promoting H-type vessels formation in cancellous bone, which then promotes bone formation. Activating EGFR/AKT/PI3K signaling could be the critical reason.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Jia
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Ruiyi He
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Zilong Yao
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwen Su
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songyun Deng
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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2
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Oh MC, Fernando PDSM, Piao MJ, Kang KA, Herath HMUL, Hyun JW. Baicalein Inhibits α-Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone-stimulated Melanogenesis via p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells. J Cancer Prev 2023; 28:40-46. [PMID: 37434796 PMCID: PMC10331030 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2023.28.2.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive UVB exposure causes development of both malignant and non-malignant melanoma via the secretion of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). We investigated whether baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone) could inhibit α-MSH-stimulated melanogenesis. Baicalein prevented UVB- and α-MSH-induced melanin production and attenuated α-MSH-stimulated tyrosinase (monophenol monooxygenase) activity, and expression of tyrosinase and tyrosine-related protein-2. In addition, baicalein prevented melanogenesis and pigmentation via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway. These findings suggest that baicalein represents a natural compound for attenuating melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chang Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | | | - Mei Jing Piao
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Kyoung Ah Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | | | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
- Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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3
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Guo Y, Song W, Yang Y. Inhibition of ALKBH5-mediated m 6 A modification of PPARG mRNA alleviates H/R-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in placenta trophoblast. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:910-924. [PMID: 34995009 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent (ALKB) homolog 5 (ALKBH5), an m6 A demethylase, has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE), but the exact mechanism requires further investigation. RT-qPCR or Western blotting were used to determine ALKBH5 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) expression in placentas from PE patients and normal volunteers, as well as in HTR-8/SVneo cells treated with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Our results showed that the expression of ALKBH5 was significantly upregulated and PPARG was downregulated in preeclamptic placentas and H/R-treated cells. ALKBH5 interference reduced m6 A levels of PPARG mRNA, and increased PPARG mRNA stability and promoted PPARG translation level. In addition, ALKBH5 silencing increased the cell proliferation, migration, and vimentin protein level, and inhibited cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and protein levels of endoglin (ENG) and E-cadherin in H/R-treated cells, whereas PPARG interference reversed these effects. Furthermore, PPARG repressed the H3K9me2 levels at activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) promoter region by increasing the expression and activity of lysine demethylase 3B (KDM3B). ALCAM inhibition reversed the effects of PPARG overexpression on H/R-treated cell functions. PKF115-584 suppressed the effects of ALKBH5 interference on the behaviors of H/R-treated cells. Finally, inhibition of ALKBH5 alleviates PE-like features in pregnant mice. Inhibition of ALKBH5 promotes KDM3B-mediated ALCAM demethylation by facilitating PPARG mRNA m6 A modification, and further activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and in turn alleviates PE progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Guo
- Department of Obstetrics, Baoji Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Wenxia Song
- Department of Obstetrics, Baoji Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Yali Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Baoji Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Baoji, China
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4
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KDM3B-ETF1 fusion gene downregulates LMO2 via the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, promoting metastasis of invasive ductal carcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 29:215-224. [PMID: 33828234 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy for women, with invasive ductal carcinoma being the largest subtype of breast cancers, accounting for 75-80% of cases. However, the underlying mechanism of invasive ductal carcinoma remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the possible effects KDM3B-ETF1 fusion gene has on breast cancer cell metastasis, invasion and its downstream signaling mediators as revealed from RNA sequence data analysis. As predicted, KDM3B-ETF1 expression was increased in breast cancer tissues and cells. Overexpression of KDM3B-ETF1 in cancer cell lines promoted the growth and invasion of breast cancer cells, while KDM3B-ETF1 knockdown showed the opposite effects on malignant cell growth and invasion both in vivo and in vitro as evidenced by cell counting kit-8, Transwell assay and tumor xenograft in nude mice. On the contrary, LIM Domain Only 2 (LMO2) expression was significantly reduced in breast cancer tissues and cells. According to chromatin immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis, KDM3B-ETF1 targets LMO2 and reduced the expression of LMO2, leading to an increase in WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway and thus promoting invasion. In conclusion, fusion gene KDM3B-ETF1 inhibits LMO2, activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that leads to increased breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis, providing a novel insight into developing therapeutic strategies. These results provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of invasive ductal carcinomas, which may lead to potential therapeutic targets.
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5
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Saraç H, Morova T, Pires E, McCullagh J, Kaplan A, Cingöz A, Bagci-Onder T, Önder T, Kawamura A, Lack NA. Systematic characterization of chromatin modifying enzymes identifies KDM3B as a critical regulator in castration resistant prostate cancer. Oncogene 2020; 39:2187-2201. [PMID: 31822799 PMCID: PMC7056651 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard care for prostate cancer (PCa) patients who fail surgery or radiotherapy. While initially effective, the cancer almost always recurs as a more aggressive castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Previous studies have demonstrated that chromatin modifying enzymes can play a critical role in the conversion to CRPC. However, only a handful of these potential pharmacological targets have been tested. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a focused shRNA screen of chromatin modifying enzymes previously shown to be involved in cellular differentiation. We found that altering the balance between histone methylation and demethylation impacted growth and proliferation. Of all genes tested, KDM3B, a histone H3K9 demethylase, was found to have the most antiproliferative effect. These results were phenocopied with a KDM3B CRISPR/Cas9 knockout. When tested in several PCa cell lines, the decrease in proliferation was remarkably specific to androgen-independent cells. Genetic rescue experiments showed that only the enzymatically active KDM3B could recover the phenotype. Surprisingly, despite the decreased proliferation of androgen-independent cell no alterations in the cell cycle distribution were observed following KDM3B knockdown. Whole transcriptome analyses revealed changes in the gene expression profile following loss of KDM3B, including downregulation of metabolic enzymes such as ARG2 and RDH11. Metabolomic analysis of KDM3B knockout showed a decrease in several critical amino acids. Overall, our work reveals, for the first time, the specificity and the dependence of KDM3B in CRPC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Saraç
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Tunç Morova
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Elisabete Pires
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - James McCullagh
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Anıl Kaplan
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cingöz
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | | | - Tamer Önder
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Akane Kawamura
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Nathan A Lack
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey.
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6H 3Z6, Canada.
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6
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Park JW, Cho H, Oh H, Kim JY, Seo SB. AURKA Suppresses Leukemic THP-1 Cell Differentiation through Inhibition of the KDM6B Pathway. Mol Cells 2018; 41:444-453. [PMID: 29477140 PMCID: PMC5974621 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrations in histone modifications are being studied in mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-AF9-driven acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we focused on the regulation of the differentiation of the MLL-AF9 type AML cell line THP-1. We observed that, upon phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment, THP-1 cells differentiated into monocytes by down-regulating Aurora kinase A (AURKA), resulting in a reduction in H3S10 phosphorylation. We revealed that the AURKA inhibitor alisertib accelerates the expression of the H3K27 demethylase KDM6B, thereby dissociating AURKA and YY1 from the KDM6B promoter region. Using Flow cytometry, we found that alisertib induces THP-1 differentiation into monocytes. Furthermore, we found that treatment with the KDM6B inhibitor GSK-J4 perturbed the PMA-mediated differentiation of THP-1 cells. Thus, we discovered the mechanism of AURKA-KDM6B signaling that controls the differentiation of THP-1 cells, which has implications for biotherapy for leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Aurora Kinase A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Aurora Kinase A/physiology
- Azepines/pharmacology
- Benzazepines/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Genes, Reporter
- HEK293 Cells
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/physiology
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/pathology
- Monocytes/cytology
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/physiology
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/physiology
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational/drug effects
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- THP-1 Cells
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
- YY1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756,
Korea
| | - Hana Cho
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756,
Korea
| | - Hyein Oh
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756,
Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756,
Korea
| | - Sang-Beom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756,
Korea
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7
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Jung H, Chae YC, Kim JY, Jeong OS, Kook H, Seo SB. Regulatory role of G9a and LSD1 in the Transcription of Olfactory Receptors during Leukaemia Cell Differentiation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46182. [PMID: 28387360 PMCID: PMC5384044 DOI: 10.1038/srep46182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported the ectopic expression of olfactory receptors (ORs) in non-olfactory tissues, however, their physiological roles were not well elucidated. ORs are expressed in and function in different types of cancers. Here, we identified that the H3K9me2 levels of several OR promoters decreased during differentiation in the HL-60, human myeloid leukaemia cell line, by all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). We found that the differential OR promoters H3K9me2 levels were regulated by G9a and LSD1, resulting in the decrease of ORs transcription during HL-60 differentiation. G9a and LSD1 could regulate the expression of ORs in several non-olfactory cells via the methylation and demethylation of H3K9me2. In addition, we demonstrated that knockdown of OR significantly reduced cell proliferation. Therefore, the epigenetic regulation of ORs transcription is critical for carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonsoo Jung
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Cheol Chae
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh-Seok Jeong
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kook
- Environmental Health Center for Childhood Leukaemia and Cancer, Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 519-809, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Beom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
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8
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Lee PY, Park BC, Chi SW, Bae KH, Kim S, Cho S, Kang S, Kim JH, Park SG. Histone H4 is cleaved by granzyme A during staurosporine-induced cell death in B-lymphoid Raji cells. BMB Rep 2017; 49:560-565. [PMID: 27439606 PMCID: PMC5227298 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Granzyme A (GzmA) was first identified as a cytotoxic T lymphocyte protease protein with limited tissue expression. A number of cellular proteins are known to be cleaved by GzmA, and its function is to induce apoptosis. Histones H1, H2B, and H3 were identified as GzmA substrates during apoptotic cell death. Here, we demonstrated that histone H4 was cleaved by GzmA during staurosporine-induced cell death; however, in the presence of caspase inhibitors, staurosporine-treated Raji cells underwent necroptosis instead of apoptosis. Furthermore, histone H4 cleavage was blocked by the GzmA inhibitor nafamostat mesylate and by GzmA knockdown using siRNA. These results suggest that histone H4 is a novel substrate for GzmA in staurosporine-induced cells. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(10): 560-565]
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil Young Lee
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141; Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Park
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seung Wook Chi
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sunhong Kim
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sayeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Seongman Kang
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sung Goo Park
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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9
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Loh TJ, Moon H, Jang HN, Liu Y, Choi N, Shen S, Williams DR, Jung DW, Zheng X, Shen H. SR proteins regulate V6 exon splicing of CD44 pre-mRNA. BMB Rep 2017; 49:612-616. [PMID: 27530682 PMCID: PMC5346321 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44 pre-mRNA includes 20 exons, of which exons 1–5 (C1–C5) and exons 16–20 (C6–C10) are constant exons, whereas exons 6–15 (V1–V10) are variant exons. V6-exon-containing isoforms have been known to be implicated in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we performed a SR protein screen for CD44 V6 splicing using overexpression and lentivirus-mediated shRNA treatment. Using a CD44 V6 minigene, we demonstrate that increased SRSF3 and SRSF4 expression do not affect V6 splicing, but increased expression of SRSF1, SRSF6 and SRSF9 significantly inhibit V6 splicing. In addition, using a constitutive exon-specific primer set, we could not detect alterations of CD44 splicing after SR protein-targeting shRNA treatment. However, using a V6 specific primer, we identified that reduced SRSF2 expression significantly reduced the V6 isoform, but increased V6–10 and V6,8–10 isoforms. Our results indicate that SR proteins are important regulatory proteins for CD44 V6 splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiing Jen Loh
- School of life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Heegyum Moon
- School of life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Ha Na Jang
- School of life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Yongchao Liu
- School of life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Namjeong Choi
- School of life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Shengfu Shen
- Willston Northampton School, Easthampton, MA 01027, USA
| | - Darren Reece Williams
- School of life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Da-Woon Jung
- School of life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Xuexiu Zheng
- School of life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Haihong Shen
- School of life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
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10
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Jung E, Jang S, Lee J, Kim Y, Shin H, Park HS, Lee Y. Truncated SRA RNA derivatives inhibit estrogen receptor-α-mediated transcription. Mol Biol Rep 2016; 43:1019-25. [PMID: 27406387 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-4039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that acts as a putative coactivator for steroid receptor-mediated transcription. A recent study showed that SRA RNA can be structurally dissected into four domains comprising various secondary structures, but the contribution of each domain to the coactivation ability of SRA RNA was previously unknown. Here, we assessed the functional contributions of the various domains of SRA. We examined the effects of each domain on the coactivation of estrogen receptor-α (ERα)-mediated transcription of a luciferase reporter gene in HeLa cells. Then the detailed domain analysis was focused on domain III (D3) not only with the reporter gene in HeLa cells, but also with ERα-responsive genes in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Domain deletion analysis showed that the deletion of any domain decreased the luciferase activity, and that deletion of D3 caused the largest decrease. This D3 deletion effect was not recovered by co-expression of D3 alone; moreover, the expression of D3 fragments (particularly helices H15-H18, which are highly conserved across vertebrates) inhibited luciferase expression in HeLa cells. Moreover, a fragment containing helices H15-H18 reduced ERα-responsive gene expression in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Our findings indicate that D3 inhibited ERα-mediated transcription of a reporter gene in HeLa cells and that helices H15-H18, as a core element responsible for the D3-driven inhibition, reduced expression of ERα-responsive genes in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euihan Jung
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Seonghui Jang
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Jungmin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Heegwon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Hee-Sung Park
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Younghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea.
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11
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Park JY, Shin MS, Kim SN, Kim HY, Kim KH, Shin KS, Kang KS. Polysaccharides from Korean Citrus hallabong peels inhibit angiogenesis and breast cancer cell migration. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 85:522-9. [PMID: 26778161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the peel of the hallabong (Citrus sphaerocarpa) fruit is rich in polysaccharides, which are valuable dietary ingredients for human health, it is normally wasted. The present study aimed to utilize the peel waste and identify properties it may have against breast cancer metastasis. Hallabong peel extract containing crude polysaccharides was fractionated by gel permeation chromatography to produce four different polysaccharide fractions (HBE-I, -II, -III, and -IV). The HBE polysaccharides significantly blocked tube formation of human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), at a concentration of 12.5 or 25 μg/mL. Tube formation appeared to be more sensitive to HBE-II than to other HBE polysaccharides. HBE-II also inhibited breast cancer cell migration, through downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells. Therefore, inhibition of tube formation and MMP-9-mediated migration observed in HUVEC and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively, are likely to be important therapeutic targets in triple-negative breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 210-340, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 443-760, Republic of Korea
| | - S N Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 210-340, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Kim
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Kim
- Natural Product Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 443-760, Republic of Korea.
| | - K S Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea.
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