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Li H, Wang P, Hu M, Xu S, Li X, Xu D, Feng K, Zhou Q, Chang M, Yao S. Echistatin/BYL-719 impedes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica through modulation of the Integrin β1/ILK/PI3K signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112368. [PMID: 38823175 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Silicosis is a chronic fibroproliferative lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of crystalline silica dust, characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. Currently, there are no effective treatments available. Recent research suggests that the Integrin β1/ILK/PI3K signaling pathway may be associated with the pathogenesis of silicosis fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of Echistatin (Integrin β1 inhibitor) and BYL-719 (PI3K inhibitor) on silicosis rats at 28 and 56 days after silica exposure. Histopathological analysis of rat lung tissue was performed using H&E staining and Masson staining. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and qRT-PCR were employed to assess the expression of markers associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fibrosis, and the Integrin β1/ILK/PI3K pathway in lung tissue. The results showed that Echistatin, BYL 719 or their combination up-regulated the expression of E-cadherin and down-regulated the expression of Vimentin and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, including type I and type III collagen. The increase of Snail, AKT and β-catenin in the downstream Integrin β1/ILK/PI3K pathway was inhibited. These results indicate that Echistatin and BYL 719 can inhibit EMT and pulmonary fibrosis by blocking different stages of Integrinβ1 /ILK/PI3K signaling pathway. This indicates that the Integrin β1/ILK/PI3K signaling pathway is associated with silica-induced EMT and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Penghao Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Meng Hu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Shushuo Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xinxiao Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Deliang Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Kaihao Feng
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Meiyu Chang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
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2
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Liu D, Zhang C, Zhang J, Xu GT, Zhang J. Molecular pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in neovascular AMD focusing on epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of retinal pigment epithelium. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 185:106250. [PMID: 37536385 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among elderly people in developed countries. Neovascular AMD (nAMD) accounts for more than 90% of AMD-related vision loss. At present, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) is widely used as the first-line therapy to decrease the choroidal and retinal neovascularizations, and thus to improve or maintain the visual acuity of the patients with nAMD. However, about 1/3 patients still progress to irreversible visual impairment due to subretinal fibrosis even with adequate anti-VEGF treatment. Extensive literatures support the critical role of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD, but the underlying mechanisms still remain largely unknown. This review summarized the molecular pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD, especially focusing on the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced EMT pathways. It was also discussed how these pathways crosstalk and respond to signals from the microenvironment to mediate EMT and contribute to the progression of nAMD-related subretinal fibrosis. Targeting EMT signaling pathways might provide a promising and effective therapeutic strategy to treat subretinal fibrosis secondary to nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital and Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital and Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Li M, Duan Y, Wei J, Chen S, Xue C, Zheng L, Deng H, Fan S, Xiong W, Li G, Tan M, Tang F, She K, Zhou M. Yin Yang 1 suppresses tumor invasion and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by negatively regulating eIF4E transcriptional activity and expression. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:3763-3780. [PMID: 37693135 PMCID: PMC10492101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a leading cause of death in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. Previous research has identified that transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) acts as a tumor suppressor that inhibits cell proliferation and tumor growth in NPC; however, the role and the molecular mechanisms of YY1 in NPC invasion and metastasis remain unclear. In this study, we discovered that YY1 could inhibit the migration and invasion of NPC cells in vitro as well as NPC xenograft tumor metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, we identified eIF4E as a direct downstream target of YY1, and YY1 could negatively regulate the expression of eIF4E at transcriptional level. Moreover, we found that eIF4E promoted the migration and invasion of NPC cells as well as NPC lung metastasis, suggesting its potential as a pro-metastatic mediator in NPC. Importantly, restoring eIF4E expression could partially reverse the inhibitory effects of YY1 on NPC malignancy. In consistent with these findings, the expression of YY1 was downregulated while eIF4E was upregulated in NPC patients with metastasis, and there was a negative correlation between YY1 and eIF4E expression. Collectively, our results indicate that YY1 suppresses the invasion and metastasis of NPC by negatively regulating eIF4E transcription. Therefore, targeting the YY1/eIF4E transcriptional axis could be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yumei Duan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jianxia Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Shipeng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Changning Xue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Lemei Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Hongyu Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Tan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical UniversityTaichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Faqing Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Kelin She
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Nomal UniversityChangsha 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South UniversityChangsha 410078, Hunan, China
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4
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Shah R, Amador C, Chun ST, Ghiam S, Saghizadeh M, Kramerov AA, Ljubimov AV. Non-canonical Wnt signaling in the eye. Prog Retin Eye Res 2023; 95:101149. [PMID: 36443219 PMCID: PMC10209355 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling comprises a group of complex signal transduction pathways that play critical roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis during development, as well as in stem cell maintenance and adult tissue homeostasis. Wnt pathways are classified into two major groups, canonical (β-catenin-dependent) or non-canonical (β-catenin-independent). Most previous studies in the eye have focused on canonical Wnt signaling, and the role of non-canonical signaling remains poorly understood. Additionally, the crosstalk between canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling in the eye has hardly been explored. In this review, we present an overview of available data on ocular non-canonical Wnt signaling, including developmental and functional aspects in different eye compartments. We also discuss important changes of this signaling in various ocular conditions, such as keratoconus, aniridia-related keratopathy, diabetes, age-related macular degeneration, optic nerve damage, pathological angiogenesis, and abnormalities in the trabecular meshwork and conjunctival cells, and limbal stem cell deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Shah
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia Amador
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven T Chun
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sean Ghiam
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Sackler School of Medicine, New York State/American Program of Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mehrnoosh Saghizadeh
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrei A Kramerov
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander V Ljubimov
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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5
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Markitantova Y, Simirskii V. Endogenous and Exogenous Regulation of Redox Homeostasis in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells: An Updated Antioxidant Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10776. [PMID: 37445953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) performs a range of necessary functions within the neural layers of the retina and helps ensure vision. The regulation of pro-oxidative and antioxidant processes is the basis for maintaining RPE homeostasis and preventing retinal degenerative processes. Long-term stable changes in the redox balance under the influence of endogenous or exogenous factors can lead to oxidative stress (OS) and the development of a number of retinal pathologies associated with RPE dysfunction, and can eventually lead to vision loss. Reparative autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome utilization, the repair of damaged proteins, and the maintenance of their conformational structure are important interrelated mechanisms of the endogenous defense system that protects against oxidative damage. Antioxidant protection of RPE cells is realized as a result of the activity of specific transcription factors, a large group of enzymes, chaperone proteins, etc., which form many signaling pathways in the RPE and the retina. Here, we discuss the role of the key components of the antioxidant defense system (ADS) in the cellular response of the RPE against OS. Understanding the role and interactions of OS mediators and the components of the ADS contributes to the formation of ideas about the subtle mechanisms in the regulation of RPE cellular functions and prospects for experimental approaches to restore RPE functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Markitantova
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Simirskii
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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6
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Yin Y, Liu S, Pu L, Luo J, Liu H, Wu W. Nintedanib prevents TGF-β2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114543. [PMID: 36933383 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is a key fibrosis pathogenesis in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). However, few medicines can prevent proliferative membranes and cell proliferation in the clinic. Nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to prevent fibrosis and be anti-inflammatory in multiple organ fibrosis. In our study, 0.1, 1, 10 μM nintedanib was added to 20 ng/mL transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-β2)-induced EMT in ARPE-19 cells. Western blot and immunofluorescence assay showed that 1 μM nintedanib suppressed TGF-β2-induced E-cadherin expression decreased and Fibronectin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and α-SMA expression increased. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that 1 μM nintedanib decreased TGF-β2-induced increase in SNAI1, Vimentin, and Fibronectin expression and increased TGF-β2-induced decrease in E-cadherin expression. In addition, the CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay, and collagen gel contraction assay also showed that 1 μM nintedanib ameliorated TGF-β2-induced cell proliferation, migration, and contraction, respectively. These results suggested that nintedanib inhibits TGF-β2-induced EMT in ARPE-19 cells, which may be a potential pharmacological treatment for PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Shikun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Pu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hanhan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.
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7
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Geng B, Zhu Y, Yuan Y, Bai J, Dou Z, Sui A, Luo W. Artesunate Suppresses Choroidal Melanoma Vasculogenic Mimicry Formation and Angiogenesis via the Wnt/CaMKII Signaling Axis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:714646. [PMID: 34476217 PMCID: PMC8406848 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.714646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) are considered to be the main processes to ensure tumor blood supply during the proliferation and metastasis of choroidal melanoma (CM). The traditional antimalarial drug artesunate (ART) has some potential anti-CM effects; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclarified. Recent studies have shown that the Wnt5a/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) signaling pathway has a close correlation with angiogenesis and VM formation. This study demonstrated that ART eliminated VM formation by inhibiting the aforementioned signaling pathway in CM cells. The microvessel sprouting of the mouse aortic rings and the microvessel density of chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) decreased significantly after ART treatment. VM formation assay and periodic acid schiff (PAS) staining revealed that ART inhibited VM formation in CM. Moreover, ART downregulated the expression levels of the angiogenesis-related proteins vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A, and VM-related proteins ephrin type-A receptor (EphA) 2 and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, Wnt5a, and phosphorylated CaMKII was also downregulated after ART treatment. In addition, we further demonstrated that ART inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OCM-1 and C918 cells. Collectively, our results suggested that ART inhibited angiogenesis and VM formation of choroidal melanoma likely by regulating the Wnt5a/CaMKII signaling pathway. These findings further supported the feasibility of ART for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Geng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuanzhang Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingying Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingyi Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhizhi Dou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Aihua Sui
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjuan Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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8
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Chen Z, Stanbouly S, Nishiyama NC, Chen X, Delp MD, Qiu H, Mao XW, Wang C. Spaceflight decelerates the epigenetic clock orchestrated with a global alteration in DNA methylome and transcriptome in the mouse retina. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2021; 4:93-108. [PMID: 34179686 PMCID: PMC8220224 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Astronauts exhibit an assortment of clinical abnormalities in their eyes during long-duration spaceflight. The purpose of this study was to determine whether spaceflight induces epigenomic and transcriptomic reprogramming in the retina or alters the epigenetic clock. The mice were flown for 37 days in animal enclosure modules on the International Space Station; ground-based control animals were maintained under similar housing conditions. Mouse retinas were isolated and both DNA methylome and transcriptome were determined by deep sequencing. We found that a large number of genes were differentially methylated with spaceflight, whereas there were fewer differentially expressed genes at the transcriptome level. Several biological pathways involved in retinal diseases such as macular degeneration were significantly altered. Our results indicated that spaceflight decelerated the retinal epigenetic clock. This study demonstrates that spaceflight impacts the retina at the epigenomic and transcriptomic levels, and such changes could be involved in the etiology of eye-related disorders among astronauts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Chen
- Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Seta Stanbouly
- Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Nina C Nishiyama
- Division of Radiation Research, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Michael D Delp
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Hongyu Qiu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Xiao W Mao
- Division of Radiation Research, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Charles Wang
- Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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9
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Lopez-Bergami P, Barbero G. The emerging role of Wnt5a in the promotion of a pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 39:933-952. [PMID: 32435939 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Wnt5a is the prototypical activator of the non-canonical Wnt pathways, and its overexpression has been implicated in the progression of several tumor types by promoting cell motility, invasion, EMT, and metastasis. Recent evidences have revealed a novel role of Wnt5a in the phosphorylation of the NF-κB subunit p65 and the activation of the NF-κB pathway in cancer cells. In this article, we review the molecular mechanisms and mediators defining a Wnt5a/NF-κB signaling pathway and propose that the aberrant expression of Wnt5a in some tumors drives a Wnt5a/NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 positive feedback loop that amplifies the effects of Wnt5a. The evidences discussed here suggest that Wnt5a has a double effect on the tumor microenvironment. First, it activates an autocrine ROR1/Akt/p65 pathway that promotes inflammation and chemotaxis of immune cells. Then, Wnt5a activates a TLR/MyD88/p50 pathway exclusively in myelomonocytic cells promoting the synthesis of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and a tolerogenic phenotype. As a result of these mechanisms, Wnt5a plays a negative role on immune cell function that contributes to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and would contribute to resistance to immunotherapy. Finally, we summarized the development of different strategies targeting either Wnt5a or the Wnt5a receptor ROR1 that can be helpful for cancer therapy by contributing to generate a more immunostimulatory tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Lopez-Bergami
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimonides, Hidalgo 775, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gastón Barbero
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimonides, Hidalgo 775, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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10
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Ilimaquinone inhibits neovascular age-related macular degeneration through modulation of Wnt/β-catenin and p53 pathways. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105146. [PMID: 32814173 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a common cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor has been effective in treating pathological ocular neovascularization, but it has limitations including the need for repeated intraocular injections for the maintenance of therapeutic effects in most patients and poor or non-response to this agent in some patients. in vitro cellular studies were conducted using retinal pigment epithelial cell lines (ARPE-19 and hTERT-RPE1), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and human umbilical vein smooth muscle cells (HUVSMCs). in vivo efficacy of ilimaquinone (IQ) was tested in laser-induced choroidal neovascularization mouse and rabbit models. Tissue distribution study was performed in male C57BL6/J mice. IQ, 4,9-friedodrimane-type sesquiterpenoid isolated from the marine sponge, repressed the expression of angiogenic/inflammatory factors and restored the expression of E-cadherin in retinal pigment epithelial cells by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, it selectively inhibited proliferation and tube formation of HUVECs by activating the p53 pathway. Topical and intraperitoneal administration of IQ significantly reduced choroidal neovascularization in rabbits and mice with laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. Notably, IQ by the oral route of exposure was highly permeable to the eyes and suppressed abnormal vascular leakage by downregulation of β-catenin and stabilization of p53 in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that IQ functions through regulation of p53 and Wnt/β-catenin pathways with conceivable advantages over existing cytokine-targeted anti-angiogenic therapies.
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11
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Dai T, Zhao X, Li Y, Yu L, Li Y, Zhou X, Gong Q. miR-423 Promotes Breast Cancer Invasion by Activating NF-κB Signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5467-5478. [PMID: 32606763 PMCID: PMC7297514 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s236514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Breast cancer has become the most common malignancy among women worldwide; therefore, novel diagnostic and prognostic markers and therapeutic targets are urgently required. NF-κB signaling plays a pivotal role in enhancing breast cancer malignant phenotypes, especially cancer invasion and metastasis, which is the main cause of death in cancer patients. TNIP2, an important inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, is known to involve a negative feedback loop of the NF-κB signaling cascade and to regulate tumor aggressiveness in various cancer types. However, the mRNA level of TNIP2 is barely altered in breast cancer; thus, the mechanism that regulates TNIP2 in breast cancer still needs to be elucidated. Methods We analyzed the expression and prognosis of miR-423 in a TCGA BRCA miRNA cohort and in clinical specimens. We detected the invasive capacity through a Matrigel-coated Transwell penetration assay, a three-dimensional (3D) spheroid invasion assay and a wound healing assay. Then, we applied luciferase assays, real-time PCR assays and Western blotting to further study the mechanism. Results In this study, analysis of the TCGA BRCA miRNA cohort and clinical specimens demonstrated that miR-423 was upregulated in human breast cancers and was positively correlated with clinical stage, poor overall survival and metastasis classification. Moreover, the invasiveness of breast cancer cells was enhanced by ectopic expression of miR-423 and inhibited by miR-423 downregulation. Mechanistically, upregulation of miR-423 led to activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and elevated expression of snail and twist, while repression of miR-423 inhibited this pathway. Furthermore, the results indicated that TNIP2 is a target gene of miR-423, and suppression of TNIP2 resulted in increased invasiveness in miR-423-silenced cells. Conclusion Our results suggest that miR-423 is a crucial factor that enhances breast cancer cell invasion through the NF-κB signaling pathway and shed light on miR-423 as a promising prognostic and therapeutic marker for metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Dai
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Immunobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Yu
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Li
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Microsurgery, Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Gong
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
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Lueck K, Carr AJF, Yu L, Greenwood J, Moss SE. Annexin A8 regulates Wnt signaling to maintain the phenotypic plasticity of retinal pigment epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1256. [PMID: 31988387 PMCID: PMC6985107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58296-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signalling mediates complex cell-cellinteractions during development and proliferation. Annexin A8 (AnxA8), a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, and canonical Wnt signalling mechanisms have both been implicated in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell differentiation. The aim here was to examine the possibility of cross-talk between AnxA8 and Wnt signalling, as both are down-regulated upon fenretinide (FR)-mediated RPE transdifferentiation. AnxA8 suppression in RPE cells via siRNA or administration of FR induced neuronal-like cell transdifferentiation and reduced expression of Wnt-related genes, as measured by real-time PCR and western blotting. AnxA8 gene expression, on the other hand, remained unaltered upon manipulating Wnt signalling, suggesting Wnt-related genes to be downstream effectors of AnxA8. Co-immunoprecipitation revealed an interaction between AnxA8 and β-catenin, which was reduced in the presence of activated TGF-β1. TGF-β1 signalling also reversed the AnxA8 loss-induced cell morphology changes, and induced β-catenin translocation and GSK-3β phosphorylation in the absence of AnxA8. Ectopic over-expression of AnxA8 led to an increase in active β-catenin and GSK-3β phosphorylation. These data demonstrate an important role for AnxA8 as a regulator of Wnt signalling and a determinant of RPE phenotype, with implications for regenerative medicine approaches that utilise stem cell-derived RPE cells to treat conditions such as age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lueck
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, EC1V 9EL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda-Jayne F Carr
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, EC1V 9EL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lu Yu
- PAREXEL International, The Quays, 101-105 Oxford Road UB8 1LZ, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - John Greenwood
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, EC1V 9EL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen E Moss
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, EC1V 9EL, London, United Kingdom.
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13
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Chen C, Wang Y, Zhong K, Jiang C, Wang L, Yuan Z, Nie C, Xu J, Guo G, Zhou L, Yang M, Tong A. Frequent B7-H3 overexpression in craniopharyngioma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:379-385. [PMID: 31043272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are uncommon intracranial benign neoplasms that located in sellar/parasellar region with clinically challenging. B7-H3 is an immune checkpoint molecule highly expressed in many malignant tumors. In this study, we analyzed whether B7-H3 is expressed in 44 CPs samples (adamantinomatous CPs: n = 30 and papillary CPs: n = 14), and whether it could serve as an immunotherapy target in CPs. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that B7-H3 was highly expressed in adamantinomatous CPs (184.3 ± 13.58) and papillary CPs (223.2 ± 11.89), while almost undetectable in normal brain tissue (24 ± 4.9). Besides, B7-H3 expression level was correlated with poor prognosis of patients with CPs. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis further suggested that β-catenin co-localized with B7-H3 and could promote its expression in adaCPs. B7-H3 expression level was positively correlated with staining intensity of IBA1+ cells, but negatively with T cell infiltration in CPs, suggesting that B7-H3 might play a role in the regulation of tumor microenvironment in CPs. Moreover, B7-H3/CD3 bi-specific T cell engager (BiTE) efficiently inhibited the growth of human primary craniopharyngioma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Our results revealed B7-H3 was highly expressed in CPs and targeting B7-H3 might therefore be an effective therapeutic strategy against craniopharyngioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caili Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuelong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kunhong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Caiying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chunlai Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Mu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Aiping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Transcriptional Analysis of Immunohistochemically Defined Subgroups of Non-Muscle-Invasive Papillary High-Grade Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030570. [PMID: 30699951 PMCID: PMC6386996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for CK5/6 and CK20 was reported to be correlated with the prognosis of early urothelial carcinoma in a way contrary to that of advanced tumors for unknown reasons. We aimed to characterize the gene expression profiles of subgroups of non-muscle-invasive papillary high-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) classified by CK5/6 and CK20 expression levels: group 1 (CK5/6-high/CK20-low), group 2 (CK5/6-high/CK20-high), and group 3 (CK5/6-low/CK20-high). Expression of group 3 was predictive of worse prognosis of non-muscle-invasive papillary high-grade UTUC. Transcriptional analysis revealed 308 differentially expressed genes across the subgroups. Functional analyses of the genes identified cell adhesion as a common process differentially enriched in group 3 compared to the other groups, which could explain its high-risk phenotype. Late cell cycle/proliferation signatures were also enriched in group 3 and in some of the other groups, which may be used as a prognostic biomarker complementary to CK5/6 and CK20. Group 2, characterized by low levels of genes associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways, was hypothesized to represent the least cancerous subtype considering its normal urothelium-like IHC pattern. This study would facilitate the application of easily accessible prognostic biomarkers in practice.
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15
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Myles IA, Anderson ED, Earland NJ, Zarember KA, Sastalla I, Williams KW, Gough P, Moore IN, Ganesan S, Fowler CJ, Laurence A, Garofalo M, Kuhns DB, Kieh MD, Saleem A, Welch PA, Darnell DA, Gallin JI, Freeman AF, Holland SM, Datta SK. TNF overproduction impairs epithelial staphylococcal response in hyper IgE syndrome. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:3595-3604. [PMID: 30035749 PMCID: PMC6063472 DOI: 10.1172/jci121486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant hyper IgE syndrome (AD-HIES), or Job's syndrome, is a primary immune deficiency caused by dominant-negative mutations in STAT3. Recurrent Staphylococcus aureus skin abscesses are a defining feature of this syndrome. A widely held hypothesis that defects in peripheral Th17 differentiation confer this susceptibility has never been directly evaluated. To assess the cutaneous immune response in AD-HIES, we induced suction blisters in healthy volunteers (HVs) and patients with AD-HIES and then challenged the wound with lethally irradiated bacteria. We show that cutaneous production of IL-17A and IL-17F was normal in patients with AD-HIES. Overproduction of TNF-α differentiated the responses in AD-HIES from HVs. This was associated with reduced IL-10 family signaling in blister-infiltrating cells and defective epithelial cell function. Mouse models of AD-HIES recapitulated these aberrant epithelial responses to S. aureus and involved defective epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) rather than a failure of bacterial killing. Defective responses in mouse models of AD-HIES and primary keratinocyte cultures from patients with AD-HIES could be reversed by TNF-α blockade and by drugs with reported modulatory effects on EMT. Our results identify these as potential therapeutic approaches in patients with AD-HIES suffering S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A. Myles
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, and
| | | | | | - Kol A. Zarember
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Inka Sastalla
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, and
| | | | - Portia Gough
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, and
| | - Ian N. Moore
- Infectious Disease and Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, NIAID, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Sundar Ganesan
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technology Branch, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Arian Laurence
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Garofalo
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Douglas B. Kuhns
- Applied Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark D. Kieh
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, and
| | - Arhum Saleem
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, and
| | | | | | - John I. Gallin
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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16
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WNT7A/B promote choroidal neovascularization. Exp Eye Res 2018; 174:107-112. [PMID: 29864439 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Perturbations in WNT signaling are associated with congenital eye disorders, including familial exudative vitreoretinopathy and Norrie disease. More recently, activation of the WNT pathway has also been shown to be associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this study, we identified that in choroidal neovascular membranes from AMD patients, β-catenin is activated specifically in the vascular endothelium, suggesting that WNT promotes pathologic angiogenesis by directly affecting vascular endothelial cells. WNT7B has been shown to be important during eye development for regression of the fetal hyaloid vasculature. However, it has not yet been established whether WNT7A and/or WNT7B are involved in neovascular AMD pathogenesis. Here, we show that WNT7A and WNT7B increase the proliferation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Both WNT7A and WNT7B also stimulated vascular sprouting from mouse choroidal explants in vitro. To evaluate in vivo relevance, we generated mice systemically deficient in Wnt7a and/or Wnt7b. Genetic deletion of both Wnt7a and Wnt7b decreased the severity of laser injury-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV), while individual deletion of either Wnt7a or Wnt7b did not have a significant effect on CNV, suggesting that WNT7A and WNT7B have redundant pro-angiogenic roles in vivo. Cumulatively, these findings identify specific WNT isoforms that may play a pathologic role in CNV as observed in patients with neovascular AMD. Although the source of increased WNT7A and/or WNT7B in CNV requires further investigation, WNT signaling may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention if these results are demonstrated to be relevant in human disease.
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17
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Yang J, Li J, Wang Q, Xing Y, Tan Z, Kang Q. Novel NADPH oxidase inhibitor VAS2870 suppresses TGF‑β‑dependent epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:123-130. [PMID: 29620174 PMCID: PMC5979836 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are important in the pathophysiology of fibrotic diseases. The expression and activity of NOXs are regulated by growth factors, including transforming growth factor (TGF-β). The proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells following epithelial- to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a major pathological change involved in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the novel NOX inhibitor VAS2870 on the TGF-β-dependent expression of NOX4 and associated cellular events in RPE cells. Cell viability was examined using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and cell cycle progression was detected by flow cytometric analysis. Immunofluorescence analysis and western blot analysis were performed to assess EMT. It was found that TGF-β increased the expression of NOX4 and that pre-incubation with VAS2870 eliminated this effect. Additionally, TGF-β promoted RPE migration and increased EMT. Pre-incubation with VAS2870 significantly prevented TGF-β2-induced EMT by decreasing the levels of α-smooth muscle actin and E-cadherin, and also inhibited the migratory ability of the RPE cells, as demonstrated by scratch assays. Finally, VAS2870 suppressed the proliferation of RPE cells, and led to G1-phase cell cycle arrest and a significant downregulation of the expression of cyclin D1. In conclusion, the pharmacological inhibition of NOX may be a promising tool for the treatment of PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yao Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zizhu Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qianyan Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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18
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Glypican-3 induces a mesenchymal to epithelial transition in human breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60133-60154. [PMID: 27507057 PMCID: PMC5312374 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the disease with the highest impact on global health, being metastasis the main cause of death. To metastasize, carcinoma cells must reactivate a latent program called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), through which epithelial cancer cells acquire mesenchymal-like traits.Glypican-3 (GPC3), a proteoglycan involved in the regulation of proliferation and survival, has been associated with cancer. In this study we observed that the expression of GPC3 is opposite to the invasive/metastatic ability of Hs578T, MDA-MB231, ZR-75-1 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. GPC3 silencing activated growth, cell death resistance, migration, and invasive/metastatic capacity of MCF-7 cancer cells, while GPC3 overexpression inhibited these properties in MDA-MB231 tumor cell line. Moreover, silencing of GPC3 deepened the MCF-7 breast cancer cells mesenchymal characteristics, decreasing the expression of the epithelial marker E-Cadherin. On the other side, GPC3 overexpression induced the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells, which re-expressed E-Cadherin and reduced the expression of vimentin and N-Cadherin. While GPC3 inhibited the canonical Wnt/β-Catenin pathway in the breast cancer cells, this inhibition did not have effect on E-Cadherin expression. We demonstrated that the transcriptional repressor of E-Cadherin - ZEB1 - is upregulated in GPC3 silenced MCF-7 cells, while it is downregulated when GPC3 was overexpressed in MDA-MB231 cells. We presented experimental evidences showing that GPC3 induces the E-Cadherin re-expression in MDA-MB231 cells through the downregulation of ZEB1.Our data indicate that GPC3 is an important regulator of EMT in breast cancer, and a potential target for procedures against breast cancer metastasis.
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19
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Shi YN, Zhu N, Liu C, Wu HT, Gui Y, Liao DF, Qin L. Wnt5a and its signaling pathway in angiogenesis. Clin Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Sun Y, Ji B, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Ji D, Zhu C, Wang S, Zhang C, Zhang D, Sun Y. TRIM59 facilitates the proliferation of colorectal cancer and promotes metastasis via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:43-52. [PMID: 28534983 PMCID: PMC5492839 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing 59 (TRIM59) belongs to the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family and is upregulated in various malignancies. However, its expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unknown. In the present study, we examined the expression and biological function of TRIM59 in CRC. We analyzed CRC tissues and cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the prognostic significance of TRIM59 in CRC patients. Furthermore, we investigated the role of TRIM59 in CRC growth and metastasis. The potential mechanism underlying the regulation of cell metastasis by TRIM59 was determined by western blotting. TRIM59 expression was conspicuously overexpressed in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines compared to that noted in the corresponding normal control cells. Patients with higher TRIM59 expression had poorer prognosis. Furthermore, knockdown of TRIM59 suppressed cell proliferation through the induction of apoptosis and inhibited migration and invasion significantly in vitro. Further investigation revealed that knockdown of TRIM59 effectively reversed the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation-related proteins vimentin, Snail and E-cadherin. Our preliminary results confirm that TRIM59 can be mediated by PI3K/AKT signaling. TRIM59 functions as an oncogene in CRC progression, which could be a novel target for the detection and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Bing Ji
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Dongjian Ji
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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21
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Zhang J, Shao Y, He D, Zhang L, Xu G, Shen J. Evidence that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells reduce epithelial permeability following phosgene-induced acute lung injury via activation of wnt3a protein-induced canonical wnt/β-catenin signaling. Inhal Toxicol 2016; 28:572-579. [PMID: 27644345 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2016.1228720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, and
| | - Yiru Shao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, and
| | - Daikun He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, and
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, and
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Department of Center Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, and
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22
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Zhou J, Jiang J, Wang S, Xia X. DKK1 inhibits proliferation and migration in human retinal pigment epithelial cells via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:859-863. [PMID: 27446288 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells play important roles in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Dickkopf 1 (DKK1) has been reported to be important in the regulation of cell proliferation and migration. However, there are few previous studies regarding DKK1 in RPE cells. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effect of DKK1 on the proliferation and migration of human RPE cells, and the signaling mechanisms underlying these effects. The results showed that the overexpression of DKK1 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of ARPE-19 cells. In addition, overexpression of DKK1 markedly inhibited the expression of β-catenin and cyclin D1 in ARPE-19 cells. Collectively, the present findings suggest that the overexpression of DKK1 inhibited the proliferation and migration of RPE cells by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, DKK1 are able to augment the growth of human RPE, and further studies are warranted to investigate the effects of DKK1 effects on DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shuhong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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23
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Xing Y, Ma X, Guo H, Deng F, Yang J, Li Y. Wnt5a Suppresses β-catenin Signaling during Hair Follicle Regeneration. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:603-10. [PMID: 27499692 PMCID: PMC4974908 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.15571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair follicles display periodic growth. Wnt signaling is a critical regulator for hair follicle regeneration. Previously, we reported that Wnt5a inhibits the telogen-to-anagen transition of hair follicles, but the mechanism by which this process occurs has not yet been reported. Here, we determined the expression patterns of Wnt signaling pathway molecules by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry and found that β-catenin signaling was suppressed by Wnt5a. We then compared the phenotypes and expression patterns following β-catenin knockdown and Wnt5a overexpression during hair follicle regeneration induced by hair depilation and observed similar patterns. In addition, we performed a rescue experiment in the JB6 cell line and found that the inhibitory effect of Wnt5a on cell proliferation could be rescued by the addition of Wnt3a. Our data reveal that Wnt5a suppresses the activation of β-catenin signaling during hair follicle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhan Xing
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaogen Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiying Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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24
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Resveratrol inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelium and development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16386. [PMID: 26552368 PMCID: PMC4639835 DOI: 10.1038/srep16386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a serious complication of retinal detachment and ocular trauma, and its recurrence may lead to irreversible vision loss. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is a critical step in the pathogenesis of PVR, which is characterized by fibrotic membrane formation and traction retinal detachment. In this study, we investigated the potential impact of resveratrol (RESV) on EMT and the fibrotic process in cultured RPE cells and further examined the preventive effect of RESV on PVR development using a rabbit model of PVR. We found that RESV induces mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) and inhibits transforming growth factor-β2(TGF-β2)-induced EMT of RPE cells by deacetylating SMAD4. The effect of RESV on MET was dependent on sirtuin1 activation. RESV suppressed proliferation, migration and fibronectin synthesis induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB or TGF-β2. In vivo, RESV inhibited the progression of experimental PVR in rabbit eyes. Histological findings showed that RESV reduced fibrotic membrane formation and decreased α-SMA expression in the epiretinal membranes. These results suggest the potential use of RESV as a therapeutic agent to prevent the development of PVR by targeting EMT of RPE.
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