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Mohammadi N, Shirian S, Gorji A, Roshanpajouh M, Ahmadi E, Nazari H, Arezoomandan R. The potential protective effect of melatonin and N-acetylcysteine alone and in combination on opioid-induced testicular dysfunction and degeneration in rat. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108453. [PMID: 37536455 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Methadone (Met) is the most common treatment for opioid addiction. Although Met is effective for treatment of opioid dependence, sexual dysfunctions and infertility have been reported as a major problem in patients under Met treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of melatonin and N-acetylcysteine (N) on morphine and Met-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, suppression of blood sexual hormones, impairment in sperm parameters, and sexual dysfunction. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 66) were randomly divided into 11 equal groups (n = 6) as follows: control, sham, morphine, Met, Met+N, Met+ melatonin, Met+melatonin+N, morphine+ Met, morphine+Met+ melatonin, morphine+Met+N, and morphine+Met+ melatonin+N groups. On day 56 post-treatment, the blood was collected from the tail and the serum levels of sex hormones were evaluated, then the rats were sacrificed, and their bilateral testes and epididymis were retrieved for histological, immunohistochemical, molecular, testicular tissue stress oxidative status, and sperm parameters assays. Exposure to morphine, Met, and shift of morphine to Met resulted in testicular degeneration that can be attributed to generating the stress oxidative-induced- apoptotic testicular cell death and impairing spermatogenesis. Melatonin and N alone and particularly, in combination with each other improved testicular degeneration, sex hormone suppression, and testicular function mediated by increasing the testicular antioxidant capacity and inhibition of the apoptosis pathway. It's suggested that oral administration of antioxidants may be an effective treatment for attenuating some opioid-related testicular dysfunction and degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Mohammadi
- Department of Addiction, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shirian
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran; Shiraz Molecular Pathology Research Center, Dr. Daneshbod Pathol Lab, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ali Gorji
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran; Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universitat Münster, Munster, Germany
| | - Mohsen Roshanpajouh
- Department of Addiction, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Ahmadi
- Research Institute of Animal Embryo Technology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hassan Nazari
- Research Institute of Animal Embryo Technology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Reza Arezoomandan
- Department of Addiction, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
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Ghiasi Z, Zaheri Y, Payandeh A, Shahbandari M, Sabzehali F, Ranjbar H. Prevalence of Domestic Violence Against Women Undergoing Methadone Maintenance Therapy Programs and its Related Risk Factors. ADDICTION & HEALTH 2022; 14:198-204. [PMID: 36544975 PMCID: PMC9743825 DOI: 10.34172/ahj.2022.1270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of domestic violence (DV) against women who are undergoing methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) and its related risk factors. Methods This case-control study was conducted on 195 women who were under MMT and a control group consisting of 195 women who were not under it in the city of Zahedan from 22 May to 1 December 2019. Data were collected using a questionnaire for the measurement of violence against women and a sociodemographic questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, the t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis were used. Findings In the case group, 67.2% of participants had experienced DV during the past year. In the control group, the prevalence was 78.5%. The rate of more than one occasion of DV was significantly higher in the group who were under MMT (P<0.05). The most common type of violence was mental abuse. Physical, sexual, and economic abuses were in the next ranks. Important predictors of DV, in order of importance, were: the women's low educational level, smoking, income level, and polygamy (P<0.05). Conclusion MMT is not a risk factor for DV. It seems that the rate of DV against women in Zahedan is very high. The prevalence of recurrent DV in women under MMT was higher than in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghiasi
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Younes Zaheri
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Medical School, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran,Corresponding Author: Younes Zaheri, Department of Clinical Psychology, Medical School, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Tel:+98-5433522636;
| | - Abolfazl Payandeh
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Health, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Milad Shahbandari
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Medical School, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Sabzehali
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Medical School, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hadi Ranjbar
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
This paper is the forty-second consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during 2019 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides and receptors as well as effects of opioid/opiate agonists and antagonists. The review is subdivided into the following specific topics: molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (1), the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia in animals (2) and humans (3), opioid-sensitive and opioid-insensitive effects of nonopioid analgesics (4), opioid peptide and receptor involvement in tolerance and dependence (5), stress and social status (6), learning and memory (7), eating and drinking (8), drug abuse and alcohol (9), sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (10), mental illness and mood (11), seizures and neurologic disorders (12), electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (13), general activity and locomotion (14), gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (15), cardiovascular responses (16), respiration and thermoregulation (17), and immunological responses (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY, 11367, United States.
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Shakeri H, Hejrati R, Hojjat SK, Khalili MN, Farazmand T, Mollazadeh S. Effects of methadone, opium tincture and buprenorphine maintenance therapies on thyroid function in patients with OUD. J Addict Dis 2020; 38:514-519. [PMID: 32749208 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2020.1791377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Various types of medications are used as maintenance therapies for substance use disorder; However, the side effects of these drugs are shown to restrict their use and increase the risk of relapse in patients. As a result, alternative maintenance therapies are tested in the hope for optimum therapy. Since opium tincture is a new and innovative maintenance treatment in Iran, we attempted to compare the therapeutic and side effects of opium tincture with two standard therapies, i.e., methadone and buprenorphine. Hence, thyroid function was tested in three methods of maintenance therapies with methadone, buprenorphine, and opium tincture in a cross-sectional study. In this study, 150 patients with the mean age of 51.63 ± 13.56 years and a history of opioid or opioid-derivatives use disorder, underwent the maintenance treatment with methadone, buprenorphine, and opium tincture at Bojnurd Addiction Treatment Centers in northeastern Iran. These patients were selected using convenience sampling. Then, they were placed into three treatment groups of methadone, buprenorphine, and opium tincture. The thyroid functionality was assessed with measuring TSH, fT4, fT3, T3RU, and Anti TPO, carried out in a reference laboratory. Finally, these data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS.16 software. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the average levels of TSH, fT3, fT4, and Anti TPO in these treatment groups; except for T3RU concentration, which was increased significantly in the opium tincture group as compared to the methadone treated group. Also, the frequency of fT4, and T3RU disorders demonstrated a significant change in three groups. The findings of the present study demonstrated that opium tincture in comparison with methadone could increase T3RU levels resulting in euthyroidism possibly through TBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibesadat Shakeri
- Department of endocrinology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Hejrati
- School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Seyed Kaveh Hojjat
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mina Norozi Khalili
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Tooba Farazmand
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mollazadeh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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The effect of methadone on blood glucose, lipids and glucose-modulating hormones in methadone-dependent Wistar rats. Toxicol Res 2020; 36:221-226. [PMID: 32685426 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-019-00019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that opioids regulate mechanisms activated during the stress response. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of methadone dependency on blood glucose, lipids and glucose-modulating hormones in male and female Wistar rats.This study was performed on 40 Wistar rats weighing 150-350 g, in four methadone exposure and control groups of both males and females. All rats were weighed at the beginning and end of the study and their fasting blood glucose was measured using a glucometer. In order to induce addiction, methadone was injected intraperitoneal for 10 consecutive days at 5 mg/kg dose. The control group received the same volume of only normal saline. At the end of the study, the rats were sacrificed and their blood serum collected to measure cortisol, glucagon, adrenaline and lipid profile levels.There was a significant decrease in the mean final blood glucose of methadone-treated versus control male rats (p = 0.02). There was no significant glucose difference, however, in female rats. Furthermore, a decrease in the mean serum levels of triglyceride, cortisol, and adrenaline occurred in male rats of methadone-dependent compared with control animals, but there was no significant difference in these values in female rats. Our results showed that methadone significantly reduced serum glucose as well as triglyceride levels only in male rats, this being associated with a reduction in the level of counter-regulating hormones of carbohydrate metabolism. Changes in lipid profiles, however, occurred independently of gender.
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