1
|
Usmani J, Wasim M, Ansari MN, Hassan MJ, Sharma M, Ahmad R. Potential therapeutic effect of Carica papaya leaves extract on immune response, biochemical and hematological mechanisms on cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis in rats: an in vivo study. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:151. [PMID: 37131965 PMCID: PMC10148938 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics and immunotherapies possess unavoidable adverse effects that hinder sepsis management. Herbal drugs have demonstrated potential immunomodulatory properties vital for sepsis treatment. We hypothesized in the present study that the use of Carica papaya leaves extract had the potential to improve survival and modulate immune cytokine release during sepsis. Animals were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce sepsis. Septic rats divided into 10 groups received ethanol extract of C. papaya leaves (50 and 100 mg/kg), imipenem (120 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide (CP, 10 mg/kg). To investigate the immunomodulatory potentials of EE, cytokine levels like interleukin (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and IL-10 along with hematological and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Our results exhibited improved survival rates concerning ethanol extract treatment alone and in combination with imipenem and CP (100%) as compared to the CLP group (33.3%) on day 7 post-surgery. The combination treatment of ethanol extract with imipenem and CP significantly (P < 0.001) ameliorated cytokine levels and hematological and biochemical parameters in septic rats. A histopathological examination suggested improved liver and kidney tissue condition after combination treatment as compared to the CLP group. Therefore, it was concluded that combination therapy of extract with imipenem and CP improved survival rates and marked immunomodulatory potential in septic rats compared to monotherapy. The findings suggested the use of a mixture of these drugs in clinical settings to treat sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juveria Usmani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| | - Mohd Wasim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Jaseem Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Manju Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| | - Razi Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Usmani J, Khan T, Ahmad R, Sharma M. Potential role of herbal medicines as a novel approach in sepsis treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112337. [PMID: 34688080 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing number of deaths related to sepsis has become a major concern for past few years. Sepsis is a complex pathological reactions that is explained by series of host response to microbial insult. The resulted systemic reactions are manifested by early appearance of proinflammatory cytokines leading to hyperinflammatory phase which is followed by septic shock and death of the patient. The present study has revealed that antibiotics are not self-sufficient to control the complex mechanism of sepsis. Moreover prolonged and unnecessary administration of antibiotics may lead to antibiotic resistance to pathogens. In addition to this, immunosuppressive medications are selective and have targeted approach to certain study population. Drugs from herbal origin have shown to possess a mammoth of immunomodulatory potential by suppressing proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines exhibiting no or minimal unwanted secondary responses. Concomitantly, herbal plants tend to modulate oxidative stress level and haematological imbalance during inflammatory diseased conditions. Natural compounds have gained much attention for the treatment of several clinical complications. Considering the promising responses of medicinal plants with less/no side effects and easy procurement, comprehensive research on herbal plants to treat sepsis should be contemplated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juveria Usmani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Tahira Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Razi Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110019, India.
| | - Manju Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao YH, Zhang SW, Zhao HJ, Qin HY, Wu F, Zhang J, Zhang YQ, Liu XL, Liang S, Zhang H, Wu JD, Zhao ZY, Wang HZ, Shao M, Liu J, Dong JT, Zhang WJ. Gadolinium chloride pre-treatment reduces the inflammatory response and preserves intestinal barrier function in a rat model of sepsis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1143. [PMID: 34504589 PMCID: PMC8393272 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response is closely associated with sepsis occurrence and progression. Damage to the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier is considered to be the ῾initiation factor᾿ for the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, which is the most severe progression of sepsis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) could alleviate the systemic inflammatory response and protect the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier in a rat model of sepsis. The mechanism underlying this protective effect was also explored. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Sham, sham + GdCl3, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP; a model of sepsis) and CLP + GdCl3. In each group, blood was collected from the abdominal aorta, and intestinal tissue was collected after 6, 12 and 24 h of successful modeling. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β were determined using ELISA. Western blot analysis was used to determine levels of occludin, tight junction protein ZO-1 (ZO-1), myosin light chain kinase 3 (MLCK), NF-κB and caspase-3 in intestinal tissues. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the degree of damage to intestinal tissue. The results indicated that in CLP sepsis model rats treated with GdCl3, the release of systemic and intestinal pro-inflammatory factors was reduced and tissue damage was alleviated when compared with untreated CLP rats. Additionally, the expression of occludin and ZO-1 was increased, while that of NF-κB, MLCK, and caspase-3 was reduced in the CLP + GdCl3 rats compared with the CLP rats. GdCl3 may alleviate systemic and intestinal inflammatory responses and reduce the expression of MLCK through inhibition of the activation of NF-kB. The results of the present study also indicated that GdCl3 promoted the expression of occludin and ZO-1. GdCl3 was also demonstrated to reduce cell apoptosis through the inhibition of caspase-3 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Heng Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Shun Wen Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Hai Jun Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yuan Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Yu Qing Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Ling Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Su Liang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Dong Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Yong Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhou Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Meng Shao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Tao Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Wan Jiang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Guo R, Zhang M, Chen P, Li J, Sun Y. Protective effect of emodin on intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier integrity in rats with sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3521-3530. [PMID: 32346413 PMCID: PMC7185184 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the protective effects of emodin on intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) barrier integrity in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic rats and its possible mechanisms of action. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=20 per group): Sham group, CLP group and CLP + emodin group. Animals were sacrificed at 12 and 24 h after the model was established. Abdominal aortic blood and specimens of the ileum were harvested for analysis. The histopathological changes in intestinal mucosa and the ultrastructures of intestinal epithelial cells were investigated using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The integrity of the intestinal barrier was assessed by examining plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) levels and the ratio of urine lactulose to mannitol (L/M). The levels of the intestinal TJ proteins claudin-3, zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and occludin were detected using immunohistochemistry, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The results showed that the pathological damage to intestinal mucosa and the intestinal tissue injury score in the CLP + emodin group were significantly reduced compared to those of the CLP group, and the differences were more obvious at 24 h compared with 12 h. DAO activity and the L/M ratio in the emodin pre-treatment group decreased significantly at 24 h compared with the CLP groups. The protein and mRNA levels of the TJ proteins claudin-3, ZO-1 and occludin in the emodin pre-treatment groups at 12 and 24 h were increased, while occludin mRNA level was found to be decreased compared with the CLP groups. The present study suggested that emodin may significantly reduce the damage to the intestinal epithelial barrier in sepsis, inhibit intestinal barrier permeability and protect intestinal barrier integrity. Emodin may protect intestinal barrier integrity by elevating expression levels of the TJ proteins claudin-3, ZO-1 and occludin in CLP rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Li
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Ruimin Guo
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Yanni Sun
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China.,Department of Emergency, Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun Y, Liu T, Si Y, Cao B, Zhang Y, Zheng X, Feng W. Integrated metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the regulation of Chinese yam on antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis in rats. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 47:3382-3390. [PMID: 31422707 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1649271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Antibiotics have saved hundreds of millions of patient's lives, but there are also many side effects. This paper mainly studies the regulation of Chinese yam on antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups, normal control group, antibiotic group, and Chinese yam group. In the antibiotic group and the yam group, a rat model of intestinal dysfunction was established by intragastric administration of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (antibiotic) for 21 days. The yam group was also given yam decoction for intervention. The fecal samples of each group of rats were analyzed using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) method to find potential biomarkers. The DNA in the feces was extracted, and analyzed using 16S rDNA method to find the differential flora. Spearman correlation analysis was performed on differential flora and differential metabolites to determine the main metabolic pathways of the host after intestinal flora dysregulation. Results: The administration of antibiotics can lead to disorders of intestinal flora, decreased microbial diversity, and changes in host metabolic phenotype. Chinese yam can significantly improve the intestinal flora, making the host's metabolic phenotype tend toward normal. Conclusion: Long-term use of Imipenem/cilastatin sodium can cause disturbance of intestinal flora in normal rats. Chinese yam may regulate intestinal flora disorder and have potential prebiotic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Tong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Yanpo Si
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Bing Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou , China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou , China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Weisheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou , China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province , Zhengzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|