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Momayyezi M, Jambarsang S, Fallahzadeh H, Sefidkar R. Association between lipid profiles and cigarette smoke among adults in the Persian cohort (Shahedieh) study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1256. [PMID: 38714969 PMCID: PMC11077768 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exposure to cigarette smoke introduces a large amount of nicotine into the bloodstream through the lungs. So, smoking can be a risk factor for many diseases. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of active and passive cigarette smoke on the blood lipid profile and dyslipidemia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 5052 individuals who participated in the recruitment phase of the Shahedieh cohort study. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between smoking exposure status and lipid profiles. RESULTS The prevalence of abnormal low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), abnormal HDL-C, abnormal total cholesterol (TC), abnormal triglyceride (TG), and dyslipidemia were 254 (5.00%), 562 (11.10%), 470 (9.30%), 1008 (20.00%), and 1527 (30.20%), respectively. Adjusting for confounders, it was observed that current smokers had higher odds of having abnormal HDL-C [OR (95% CI), 2.90 (2.28-3.69)], abnormal TG [OR (95% CI), 1.71 (1.38-2.13)] and dyslipidemia [OR (95% CI), 1.86 (1.53-2.25)]. Ex-smokers also had greater odds of abnormal HDL-C [OR (95% CI), 1.51 (1.06-2.16)] compared to non-smokers who were not exposed to cigarette smoke. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicated that current smokers had higher TG and lower HDL. So, necessary measures should be taken to reduce smoking. The findings also showed that the prevalence of abnormal TG and HDL in ex-smokers was lower than in current smokers. Therefore, the existence of incentive policies to quit smoking seems necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Momayyezi
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sara Jambarsang
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reyhane Sefidkar
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Kargar S, Ansari H. Prevalence of dyslipidemias in the Middle East region: A systematic review & meta-analysis study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102870. [PMID: 37844434 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dyslipidemia is a known main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and it can be controlled to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemias in the Middle East. METHODS The relevant published articles between 2000 and 2021 that investigated the prevalence of dyslipidaemias in the Middle East were found through international data sources such as Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of dyslipidemias, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the Middle East were 54.08% (95% CI: 43.83-66.71), 32.51% (95% CI: 28.59-36.43), 29.44% (95% CI: 18.74-40.13), 32.09% (95% CI: 22.17-42.01), 44.71% (95% CI: 37.86-51.57), respectively. During the last two decades, an increasing trend in the prevalence of dyslipidemias was observed overall and in both sexes. Also, the age groups over 30 significantly had the highest prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The increasing trend in the prevalence of dyslipidemias during the last two decades is an alarming and significant concern in the Middle East. Therefore, special measures are needed to deal with dyslipidemias as a health priority in the Middle East.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Kargar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Ansari
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
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Khanali J, Ghasemi E, Rashidi MM, Ahmadi N, Ghamari SH, Azangou-Khyavy M, Malekpour MR, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Hashemi SM, Naderian M, Rezaei N, Dilmaghani-Marand A, Farzi Y, Kazemi A, Yoosefi M, Hajebi A, Rezaei S, Azadnajafabad S, Fattahi N, Nasserinejad M, Abdolhamidi E, Haghshenas R, Rezaei N, Djalalinia S, Larijani B, Farzadfar F. Prevalence of plasma lipid abnormalities and associated risk factors among Iranian adults based on the findings from STEPs survey 2021. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15499. [PMID: 37726324 PMCID: PMC10509214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of lipid abnormalities in Iranian adults by demographic characterization, geographical distribution, and associated risk factors using national and sub-national representative samples of the STEPs 2021 survey in Iran. In this population-based household survey, a total of 18,119 individuals aged over 25 years provided blood samples for biochemical analysis. Dyslipidemia was defined by the presence of at least one of the lipid abnormalities of hypertriglyceridemia (≥ 150 mg/dL), hypercholesterolemia (≥ 200 mg/dL), high LDL-C (≥ 130 mg/dL), and low HDL-C (< 50 mg/dL in women, < 40 mg/dL in men), or self-reported use of lipid-lowering medications. Mixed dyslipidemia was characterized as the coexistence of high LDL-C with at least one of the hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C. The prevalence of each lipid abnormality was determined by each population strata, and the determinants of abnormal lipid levels were identified using a multiple logistic regression model. The prevalence was 39.7% for hypertriglyceridemia, 21.2% for hypercholesterolemia, 16.4% for high LDL-C, 68.4% for low HDL-C, and 81.0% for dyslipidemia. Hypercholesterolemia and low HDL-C were more prevalent in women, and hypertriglyceridemia was more prevalent in men. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher in women (OR = 1.8), obese (OR = 2.8) and overweight (OR = 2.3) persons, those residents in urban areas (OR = 1.1), those with inappropriate physical activity (OR = 1.2), patients with diabetes (OR = 2.7) and hypertension (OR = 1.9), and participants with a history (OR = 1.6) or familial history of CVDs (OR = 1.2). Mixed dyslipidemia prevalence was 13.6% in women and 11.4% in men (P < 0.05). The prevalence of lipid abnormalities was highly heterogeneous among provinces, and East Azarbaijan with 85.3% (81.5-89.1) and Golestan with 68.5% (64.8-72.2) had the highest and lowest prevalence of dyslipidemia, respectively. Although the prevalence of high cholesterol and LDL-C had a descending trend in the 2016-2021 period, the prevalence of dyslipidemia remained unchanged. There are modifiable risk factors associated with dyslipidemia that can be targeted by the primary healthcare system. To modify these risk factors and promote metabolic health in the country, action plans should come to action through a multi-sectoral and collaborative approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Khanali
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Ghasemi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Naser Ahmadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Malekpour
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Melika Hashemi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Naderian
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Arezou Dilmaghani-Marand
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Yosef Farzi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Ameneh Kazemi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Moein Yoosefi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Amirali Hajebi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Shahabeddin Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sina Azadnajafabad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Nima Fattahi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maryam Nasserinejad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
- Center for Life Course Health ResearchFaculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elham Abdolhamidi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Rosa Haghshenas
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Nazila Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran
| | - Shirin Djalalinia
- Development of Research and Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Second Floor, No.10, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713137, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Nguyen BT, Nguyen TV, Le TAD, Le NT. Gender Differences in Risk Factors for Dyslipidemia in the Khmer Ethnic People, Vietnam. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 51:2484-2493. [PMID: 36561254 PMCID: PMC9745404 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v51i11.11165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The majority of the Khmer ethnic people living in the Mekong Delta had a difficult socioeconomic life and limited access to information and health services. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and risk factors in men and women of the Khmer ethnic people, in Vietnam. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1.800 Khmer people aged 25 - 64 yr living in Tra Vinh Province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression. Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia was high in men (47.3%) and in women (51.4%). Men had a higher prevalence of high TG (28.9% vs. 23.9%), whereas the prevalence of high TC (34.1% vs. 42.4%), and high LDL-C (28.2% vs. 37.9%) were lower in women, (all P<0.05). In men, dyslipidemia was significantly associated with central obesity (OR=2.58, 95% CI=1.32-5.06), overweight/obesity (OR=2.50, 95% CI=1.75-3.56), and diabetes (OR=2.15, 95% CI=1.22-3.78). In women, dyslipidemia was significantly associated with diabetes (OR=2.14, 95% CI=1.08-4.24), central obesity (OR=1.69, 95% CI=1.18-2.42), overweight/obesity (OR=1.50, 95% CI=1.06-2.10), and hypertension (OR=1.43, 95% CI=1.03-1.99). Age was significantly associated with increased risk of dyslipidemia in both genders. Conclusion Overall, the prevalence of dyslipidemia among Khmer men and women adults aged 25 - 64 years in Vietnam was high. Our findings indicated an urgent need to have dyslipidemia prevention intervention programs for the Khmer ethnic people in the Mekong Delta, especially training about obesity and increasing healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binh Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh, Vietnam,Corresponding Author:
| | - Tap Van Nguyen
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh, Vietnam
| | - Thuong Anh Do Le
- Department of Medicine and Health, Ba Ria - Vung Tau University, Vung Tau, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Thi Le
- Department of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
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Angassa D, Solomon S, Seid A. Factors associated with dyslipidemia and its prevalence among Awash wine factory employees, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:22. [PMID: 35094687 PMCID: PMC8801105 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia is a highly prevalent and modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Though the problem is significant in Ethiopia, available data in this regard is very poor among alcoholic beverage industrial workers. This study aimed to assess factors associated with dyslipidemia and its prevalence among Awash wine factory employees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 335 randomly selected employees of Awash wine factory, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from January to February 2021. Data was collected by a face-to-face interview technique using the WHO STEPwise approach. Data were entered and analyzed using Epi Info 7 and SPSS version 26, respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with dyslipidemia. All statistical tests were declared significant at p-value < 0.05. RESULTS The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 67.8% (95% CI 62.5-72.7%). Elevated total cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein, and elevated low-density lipoprotein was found in 25.4%, 33.4%, 50.7%, and 21.5% of participants, respectively. Dyslipidemia was significantly associated with age group 30-39 years (AOR = 2.51; 95% CI 1.16-5.44, p = 0.019), ≥ 40 years (AOR = 6.45; 95% CI 2.01-20.71, p = 0.002), current alcohol consumption (AOR = 3.37; 95% CI 1.70-6.66, p < 0.001), eating vegetables < 2 days per week (AOR = 2.89; 95% CI 1.54-5.43, p = 0.001), sitting duration of > 4 h per day (AOR = 1.96; 95% CI 1.03-3.74, p = 0.041), and raised waist circumference (AOR = 4.56; 95% CI 2.07-10.08, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High prevalence of dyslipidemia was found among Awash wine factory employees in Addis Ababa. Periodic screening of high-risk groups along with effective health promotion and education which encourages a healthy lifestyle is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samrawit Solomon
- School of Public Health, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Awol Seid
- School of Public Health, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Choi H, Hong N, Park N, Kim CO, Kim HC, Choi JY, Youm Y, Rhee Y. Computed Tomography-Derived Skeletal Muscle Radiodensity Predicts Peak Weight-Corrected Jump Power in Older Adults: The Korean Urban Rural Elderly (KURE) Study. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 108:764-774. [PMID: 33566115 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00812-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT)-derived skeletal muscle area (SMA) and skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) reflect distinctive quantitative and qualitative characteristics of skeletal muscles. However, data on whether CT-based muscle parameters, especially SMD, can predict muscle function is limited. In a prospective cohort, 1523 community-dwelling older adults who underwent abdominal CT scans and the countermovement two-legged jumping test on a ground reaction force platform were analyzed (mean age 74.7 years, 65.1% women). SMA and SMD were measured at third lumbar vertebra level (L3). Individuals with low jump power (peak weight-corrected jump power < 23.8 W/kg in men and < 19.0 W/kg in women using clinically validated threshold) were older; had lower SMA, SMD, and maximal grip strength values; and had lower chair rise test and timed up and go test performance than those without low jump power. SMD was positively associated with peak weight-corrected jump power (adjusted β = 0.33 and 0.23 per 1 HU increase in men and women, respectively, p < 0.001). One HU decrement in SMD was associated with 10% elevated odds of low jump power (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.10, p < 0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, height, inflammation, and insulin resistance markers, whereas the association of SMA with low jump power was attenuated (aOR 1.00, p = 0.721). SMD showed better discrimination for low jump power than SMA (AUC 0.699 vs. 0.617, p < 0.001), with additional improvement when added to SMA and conventional risk factors (AUC 0.745 to 0.773, p < 0.001). Therefore, CT-measured L3 SMD can be a sensitive surrogate marker for muscle function along with SMA in older adults, which merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heewon Choi
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Namki Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Narae Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Chang Oh Kim
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University College of Social Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yumie Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Karantas ID, Okur ME, Okur NÜ, Siafaka PI. Dyslipidemia Management in 2020: An Update on Diagnosis and Therapeutic Perspectives. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:815-834. [PMID: 32778041 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200810144004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the modern world and dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors. The current therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases involve the management of risk factors, especially dyslipidemia and hypertension. Recently, the updated guidelines of dyslipidemia management were presented, and the newest data were included in terms of diagnosis, imaging, and treatment. In this targeted literature review, the researchers presented the most recent evidence on dyslipidemia management by including the current therapeutic goals for it. In addition, the novel diagnostic tools based on theranostics are shown. Finally, the future perspectives on treatment based on novel drug delivery systems and their potential to be used in clinical trials were also analyzed. It should be noted that dyslipidemia management can be achieved by the strict lifestyle change, i.e., by adopting a healthy life, and choosing the most suitable medication. This review can help medical professionals as well as specialists of other sciences to update their knowledge on dyslipidemia management, which can lead to better therapeutic outcomes and newer drug developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet E Okur
- University of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Ü Okur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Panoraia I Siafaka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Azadnajafabad S, Mohammadi E, Aminorroaya A, Fattahi N, Rezaei S, Haghshenas R, Rezaei N, Naderimagham S, Larijani B, Farzadfar F. Non-communicable diseases' risk factors in Iran; a review of the present status and action plans. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021:1-9. [PMID: 33500879 PMCID: PMC7821170 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of death globally, imposing a heavy burden on the healthcare systems, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Iran is a country in the Middle-East region with an aging population and changing disease risk factors, and now is facing NCDs as the major health problem of the country. Investigating NCDs' risk factors and tackling preventable ones is the main intervention to control their heavy burden. In this review, we discussed the most critical risk factors in Iran and the implemented programs and action plans to control them. A better knowledge on current status of risk factors and plans to tackle them, could help policymakers effectively rule policies and allocate resources to curb heavy burden of NCDs in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Azadnajafabad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arya Aminorroaya
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Fattahi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahabeddin Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rosa Haghshenas
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Naderimagham
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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NDSP 05: Prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in urban and rural areas of Pakistan; a sub analysis from second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016-2017. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:1215-1225. [PMID: 33520835 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00631-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Dyslipidemia is a major risk issue for the development of cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to observe the pattern and prevalence of dyslipidemia in Pakistani population. Methodology This is a sub analysis of a population based second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016-2017 in adults aged 20 years or above, carried out from February 2016 to August 2017 across Pakistan. Multi stage sampling technique was used for the stratification of population, based on rural and urban domains. District wise clusters and sub clusters were selected i.e. 27 and 46 in number. Subjects, consented to participate were requested to come after an overnight fast for anthropometric measurements, oral glucose tolerance test and fasting lipid profile (except for subjects with self-reported diabetes). Dyslipidemia was identified using Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Results A total of 10,834 subjects (43.8% male and 56.2% female) having mean age of 43.8 ± 14.0 years, participated in the survey. Of the subjects studied, 39.3% had hypercholesterolemia, 48.9% had hypertriglyceridemia, 39.7% had high LDL-C levels while 83.9% men and 90% women had low HDL levels. High cholesterol and triglyceride levels were highest in 50-59 years age group, while high LDL and low HDL was most common in 40-49 years age group. Diabetes, obesity and hypertension were found to be the significant determinants for dyslipidemia. Conclusion Prevalence of dyslipidemia seems to be very high in Pakistan, necessitating an urgent call for early screening and effective management through lifestyle intervention and appropriate lipid lowering drugs to prevent this important cardiovascular risk factor.
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Abbasi-Ghahramanloo A, Moshiri E, Afrashteh S, Gholami A, Safiri S, Mohammadbeigi A, Ansari H. Comorbidity of metabolic syndrome components in a population-based screening program: A latent class analysis. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2020; 34:69. [PMID: 32974235 PMCID: PMC7500419 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.34.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is rapidly increasing in the world. Thus, the aim of the present study was to identify the latent subgroups of Iranian male adults based on MS components and investigate the effect of abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), high total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on the odds of membership in each class. Methods: In the present study, we used the data of a population-based screening program conducted on 823 urban adult men aged 25 years and older in city of Qom in 2014. Abdominal obesity, fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood pressure, and serum lipid profile were measured in participants after for at least 8 hours. MS was defined according to the Adults Treatment Panel III criteria. Latent class analysis was used to achieve the aims of study. Analyses were conducted using PROC LCA in SAS 9.2 software. In all analysis, p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 3 different latent classes among participants. Latent class 1, non-MS, 55.1%; latent lass 2, at risk, 21.3%; and finally latent class 3, MS, with 23.6% of the participants. Age (OR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99, high LDL (OR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.13-0.56), high TC (OR=8.12, 95% CI: 4.40-15.00), and abnormal ALT (OR=2.25, 95% CI 1.49-3.41) were associated with at risk class. Also, only age (OR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.04) was associated with MS class. The most prevalent components among the participants were having low HDL (34.0%) and high WC (33.9%). Conclusion: Notable percent of samples fell in "at risk" and "MS" classes, which stress the necessity of designing preventive interventions for these specific stratums of population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Abbasi-Ghahramanloo
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Esmail Moshiri
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Sima Afrashteh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ali Gholami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi
- Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Hossein Ansari
- Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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11
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Prevalence of Dyslipidemia in Undiagnosed Palestinian Men: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Lipids 2019; 2019:3473042. [PMID: 31737369 PMCID: PMC6815542 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3473042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dyslipidemia is the most important modifiable risk factor that leads to cardiovascular diseases. The screening for dyslipidemia in Palestine is not established in primary health care centers for healthy people. Our study aims to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia among healthy undiagnosed adult men in Palestine in order to assess the need for screening and preventive programs for dyslipidemia. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional observational study was carried out in 10 secondary schools at Nablus municipality (Palestine) from August 2017 to February 2018. The study included 140 teachers based on sample calculations. The age of participants ranged between 24 and 60 years. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data about the lifestyle, past medical, and family histories. Serum lipid profile, and fasting blood glucose levels for each participant were measured. Lipoprotein levels were categorized based on the adult treatment panel III criteria. Results The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia among Palestinian men was 66.4%. The most prevalent type of dyslipidemia was hypo HDL (X < 40 mg/dl, 59.3%), followed by hypertriglyceridemia (X ≥ 200 mg/dl, 20%). The prevalence of hyper LDL (X ≥ 160 mg/dl), hypercholesterolemia (X ≥ 240 mg/dl) was 8.5%, and 3.6%, respectively. About 15% of participants had glucose intolerance, and 4.3% had hyperglycemia (undiagnosed). Those with glucose intolerance, 13 (9.2%) have hypo HDL, while 9 (6.42%) have hypertriglyceridemia. On the other hand, out of hyperglycemic patients: 5 (3.5%) had hypo HDL, and 1 (0.7%) had hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion Around two-thirds of undiagnosed participants had at least one lipid abnormality. None of them were aware of having dyslipidemia. The prevalence of undiagnosed dyslipidemia was higher than the prevalence of undiagnosed glucose intolerance, and diabetes. This suggests that dyslipidemia plays a major role in developing diabetes. Hence, profound efforts should be done to manage and treat those with dyslipidemia, in order to prevent progression to type II diabetes mellitus.
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12
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Hashempur MH, Mosavat SH, Heydari M, Shams M. Medicinal plants’ use among patients with dyslipidemia: an Iranian cross-sectional survey. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 16:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2018-0101/jcim-2018-0101.xml. [DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2018-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Despite growing demand for medicinal plants, there is little data about their use by patients with dyslipidemia. We aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern, and associated factors for the use of medicinal plants among patients with dyslipidemia.
Methods
A 17-item semi-structured questionnaire was filled out by 195 patients with dyslipidemia in a cross-sectional study carried out in two academic endocrinology clinics in Shiraz, Iran. The questionnaire comprised of three main domains of demographic data (6 questions), clinical data (2 of them), and data related to the use of medicinal plants (totally 9 questions).
Results
A total of 77.4% of patients took medicinal plants. The most common medicinal herbs used by dyslipidemic patients were Zataria multiflora, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Zingiber officinale. Duration of dyslipidemia was significantly longer in herbal users than non-herbal users (p=0.04). Patients believing that concomitant use of conventional drugs and herbal preparations had synergic positive effects in addition to those persuaded that herbal preparations possessed less side effects, were significantly more likely to use medicinal plants (p=0.008 and 0.005, respectively). Additionally, most of the medicinal herb users (87.4%) changed neither the pattern nor the dosage of their medications all during herbal preparations use.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated a high prevalence of medicinal plants’ use among patients with dyslipidemia, which was associated with the duration of dyslipidemia, patients’ viewpoints about herbal preparations’ synergic positive effects, and their fewer side effects.
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13
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The Prevalence of Dyslipidemia among Jordanians. J Lipids 2018; 2018:6298739. [PMID: 30510803 PMCID: PMC6230384 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6298739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia is one of the major modifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease and type two diabetes mellitus. Knowing the current prevalence of dyslipidemia is an important step for increasing awareness of the problem and for proper planning of health programs for prevention of its negative clinical effects. Methods A national population based household sample was selected from north, middle, and south regions of Jordan in 2017. A total sample of 4,056 aged between 18 and 90 years were included. Selected individuals were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and fasting blood samples were collected for biochemical measurements. Results The prevalence rates of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL, and low HDL were 44.3%, 41.9% 75.9%, and 59.5%, respectively. Hypercholesterolemia in Jordan almost doubled from 23.0% in 1994 to 44.3% in 2017, and hypertriglyceridemia increased from 23.8% in 1994 to 41.9% in 2017. All lipid abnormalities decreased after the age of 60 years. Hypertension, diabetes, and obesity were all independently associated with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusions Results of this study show that dyslipidemia is a widely prevalent health problem among adult Jordanian population and that the problem has substantially increased since 1994. Encouraging healthy lifestyle and healthy diet are the basis for prevention of dyslipidemia.
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14
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Darroudi S, Saberi‐Karimian M, Tayefi M, Arekhi S, Motamedzadeh Torghabeh A, Seyedzadeh Sani SMR, Moohebati M, Heidari‐Bakavoli A, Ebrahimi M, Azarpajouh MR, Safarian M, A. Ferns G, Esmaeili H, Parizadeh MR, Mokhber N, Mahdizadeh A, Mahmoudi AA, Sahebkar AH, Ghayour‐Mobarhan M. Prevalence of combined and noncombined dyslipidemia in an Iranian population. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22579. [PMID: 29926995 PMCID: PMC6816872 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination of dyslipidemic phenotypes, including elevated plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), elevated plasma triglycerides (TG), and decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations, is important because of the association of individual phenotypes with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated the prevalence of combined dyslipidemias and their effects on CVD risk in an Iranian large population. METHOD A total of 9847 individuals were recruited as part of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorders (MASHAD) cohort study. Anthropometric parameters and biochemical indices were measured in all of the subjects. Different types of combined dyslipidemias including high TG + low HDL-C, high TG + low HDL-C + high LDL-C, low HDL-C + high LDL-C, high TG + high LDL-C, and finally high TG + high LDL-C + low HDL-C were considered. Ten-year CVD risk was calculated using the QRISK2 risk algorithm and adjustments were made as suggested by the Joint British Societies' (JBS2). Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between different combined dyslipidemias and categorical QRISK. RESULTS A total of 3952 males and 5895 females were included in this current study. Among the included subjects, 83.4% had one form of dyslipidemia, and 16.6% subjects were not dyslipidemic. The mean age was 48.88 ± 7.9 and 47.02 ± 8.54 years for dyslipidemic and nondyslipidemic groups, respectively. The results showed that the frequency of dyslipidemia was 98%, 87.1%, and 90% in subjects with metabolic syndrome, CVD, and diabetes, respectively. Our results suggested that around 15.7% of study population were at 10 years CVD risk (high ≥20) and it was higher in men than women (P < .001). Moreover, risk of CVD was higher in TG↑ & HDL↓ & LDL↑ group than other groups. CONCLUSION Prevalence of dyslipidemia was 83.4% among Iranian adults. The results showed that individuals with increased plasma TG and LDL-C, and low HDL-C levels had the highest 10 years CVD risk compared to other combined dyslipidemic phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Darroudi
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Modern Sciences and TechnologiesFaculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Maryam Saberi‐Karimian
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Modern Sciences and TechnologiesFaculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Maryam Tayefi
- Clinical Research UnitFaculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical ScienceMashhadIran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Soheil Arekhi
- Student Research CommitteeFaculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical ScienceMashhadIran
- Evidence Based Medicine Research groupFaculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical ScienceMashhadIran
| | | | | | - Mohsen Moohebati
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Alireza Heidari‐Bakavoli
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mahmoud Ebrahimi
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Azarpajouh
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mohammad Safarian
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Gordon A. Ferns
- Department of Biostatistics & EpidemiologySchool of HealthManagement & Social Determinants of Health Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Habibollah Esmaeili
- Department of Biostatistics & EpidemiologySchool of HealthManagement & Social Determinants of Health Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mohammad Reza Parizadeh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Naghme Mokhber
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Adeleh Mahdizadeh
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Ali Asghar Mahmoudi
- Head of the Health Center N.2 of MashhadMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Amir Hossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Biotechnology Research CenterPharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Majid Ghayour‐Mobarhan
- Cardiovascular Research CenterSchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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15
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Mohammadbeigi A, Farahani H, Moshiri E, Sajadi M, Ahmadli R, Afrashteh S, Khazaei S, Ansari H. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Associations with Lipid Profiles in Iranian Men: A Population-Based Screening Program. World J Mens Health 2017; 36:50-56. [PMID: 29164829 PMCID: PMC5756807 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.17014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by a collection of interdependent disorders, including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and diabetes. The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MS in Qom, Iran. Materials and Methods A population-based screening program was conducted in the city of Qom, in 845 urban adult men over 25 years old in 2014. Abdominal obesity, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure, and the serum lipid profile were measured in subjects after fasting for at least 8 hours. MS was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression. Results The overall prevalence of MS was 23.0%, and the most common prevalent metabolic abnormalities associated with MS were low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<40 mg/dL) in 34.3% of subjects, a waist circumference >102 cm in 33.9%, blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg in 27.6%, fasting triglycerides (TG) ≥150 mg/dL in 25%, and FBG ≥110 mg/dL in 20.6%. A FBG level ≥110 mg/dL (odds ratio [OR]=4.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.14~8.24), dyslipidemia (OR=3.51; 95% CI, 2.10~5.89), and a fasting TG ≥150 mg/dL were the most important factors contributing to MS. Conclusions The prevalence of MS in men in Qom was higher than has been reported in other countries, but it was lower than the mean values that have been reported elsewhere in Iran. FBG was the most important factor contributing to MS, and all elements of the lipid profile showed important associations with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Disease Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Hamid Farahani
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Disease Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Esmail Moshiri
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Mahbobeh Sajadi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Robabeh Ahmadli
- Health Policy and Promotion Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Sima Afrashteh
- Vic-Chancellor for Public Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Salman Khazaei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hossein Ansari
- Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Estudio transversal sobre estilos de vida saludable y su relación con el colesterol HDL en la población adulta. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CARDIOLOGÍA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rccar.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Association of Body Mass Index with Dyslipidemia among the Government Staff of Kermanshah, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.58335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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18
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Shin YS, You JH, Cha JS, Park JK. The relationship between serum total testosterone and free testosterone levels with serum hemoglobin and hematocrit levels: a study in 1221 men. Aging Male 2016; 19:209-214. [PMID: 27750487 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2016.1229764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between serum total testosterone (TT) and free testosterone (FT) levels in men with anemia. METHODS We reviewed the records of 1221 subjects between March 2009 and December 2014. All the subjects' blood samples were drawn for TT and FT assays. Their serum hemoglobin (Hb) and serum hematocrit (Hct) levels were measured. The primary objective of our study was to investigate the association between TT and FT levels with Hb and Hct levels. RESULTS The mean age was 59.82 ± 12.71 years. The mean TT and FT levels were 4.54 ± 2.02 ng/mL and 10.63 ± 3.69 pg/mL, respectively. The mean Hb and Hct levels were 14.72 ± 1.34 g/dL and 43.11 ± 3.75%, respectively. Subjects with low TT (<2.35 ng/mL) had low Hb and Hct levels (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). TT was positively associated with FT, Hb, and Hct. TT and FT levels were significantly lower in older men. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with low TT and FT levels had low Hb and Hct levels. This suggests that TT and FT play a significant role in erythropoiesis. Testosterone replacement therapy may be effective in men with hypogonadism to reduce the incidence of anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Seob Shin
- a Department of Urology , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea
- b Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea , and
- c Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyung You
- a Department of Urology , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea
- b Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea , and
- c Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea
| | - Jai Seong Cha
- a Department of Urology , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea
- b Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea , and
- c Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kwan Park
- a Department of Urology , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea
- b Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea , and
- c Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea
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